WEBVTT 00:00:00.600 --> 00:00:01.350 Hello. This is Joe Wheaton, 00:00:01.350 --> 00:00:04.000 and we're going to start in on this design module. 00:00:07.100 --> 00:00:09.700 Just getting off on the right foot. 00:00:09.700 --> 00:00:11.450 And that is, 00:00:11.450 --> 00:00:13.200 taking out of the planning phase, 00:00:13.610 --> 00:00:15.060 what we learned, 00:00:15.060 --> 00:00:16.585 and leading the design with recovery potential from that. 00:00:20.900 --> 00:00:22.600 So we're here in module four talking about design 00:00:22.600 --> 00:00:25.600 in the restoration process. 00:00:27.400 --> 00:00:29.000 We spent module three working through the planning. 00:00:30.800 --> 00:00:33.300 Okay? 00:00:33.300 --> 00:00:36.100 and it's easy to just kind of jump in and, like, you know. 00:00:36.100 --> 00:00:37.730 You know, we're eager. Let's just — 00:00:37.730 --> 00:00:38.950 Let's get a design. 00:00:38.950 --> 00:00:41.600 Let's, let's make some structures. 00:00:41.600 --> 00:00:43.950 I'm just going to try and convince you of this, 00:00:43.950 --> 00:00:46.300 never to start a design without that. 00:00:46.300 --> 00:00:49.300 Critical context from the planning phase. 00:00:49.800 --> 00:00:52.400 Well, what context explicitly are we talking about? 00:00:56.000 --> 00:00:58.200 Well, we're talking about getting the conditions 00:00:59.700 --> 00:01:01.200 and the recovery potential. 00:01:01.200 --> 00:01:03.400 And remember that in the design phase, 00:01:04.400 --> 00:01:06.900 our alternatives, our design opportunities, 00:01:06.900 --> 00:01:08.650 is really defined by the gap between condition and recovery potential. 00:01:10.770 --> 00:01:12.870 And, you know, we've got to make this judgment call 00:01:13.930 --> 00:01:15.300 on how many treatments will it take to get to that recovery potential. 00:01:17.700 --> 00:01:20.500 And then if you— and once you get there, 00:01:20.550 --> 00:01:22.060 what's it going to take for it to become self-sustaining? 00:01:23.900 --> 00:01:25.500 Okay. 00:01:25.500 --> 00:01:28.000 Oh, that's interesting. Not what I wanted. 00:01:34.900 --> 00:01:37.900 Okay. 00:01:40.300 --> 00:01:44.750 So coming right in, reminding yourself riverscapes principles. 00:01:46.910 --> 00:01:48.500 Reminding ourselves that streams need space. 00:01:49.800 --> 00:01:51.650 We're not going to start our design without the valley bottom mapped. 00:01:53.700 --> 00:01:56.700 Okay. 00:01:57.300 --> 00:01:59.360 It's always important to remind yourself that definition of a valley bottom, 00:02:01.430 --> 00:02:03.480 and a riverscape valley bottom, 00:02:03.900 --> 00:02:06.200 is the area of the landscape that could plausibly flood, 00:02:09.900 --> 00:02:12.500 by their rivers and streams in the natural contemporary flow regime. 00:02:15.600 --> 00:02:18.020 The riverscape is just those valley bottoms 00:02:18.020 --> 00:02:20.600 throughout the entire drainage network. 00:02:20.800 --> 00:02:23.100 Okay. 00:02:23.100 --> 00:02:24.600 So this is, this is our... 00:02:24.600 --> 00:02:26.300 Our sort of mantra. 00:02:26.300 --> 00:02:29.600 So let's go back to what you guys did yesterday. 00:02:30.800 --> 00:02:34.570 In module three, you mapped the active channels, 00:02:34.570 --> 00:02:35.570 you mapped the fans. 00:02:35.570 --> 00:02:37.900 You did that to kind of back in to what the valley bottom was, right? 00:02:39.300 --> 00:02:41.000 The rest of the space. 00:02:41.000 --> 00:02:43.500 And so you mapped these valley bottom margins, 00:02:43.500 --> 00:02:45.800 you mapped those fans. 00:02:45.800 --> 00:02:48.400 So, you knew what protruded out into the valley, 00:02:48.400 --> 00:02:49.800 and you mapped the channel. 00:02:49.800 --> 00:02:51.500 So you get the confining margin. 00:02:51.500 --> 00:02:54.500 Look at the position, on the valley floor. 00:02:55.500 --> 00:02:57.000 so the green area is roughly what you derived. 00:02:57.000 --> 00:02:58.500 Okay. 00:02:58.500 --> 00:03:00.800 That's your valley bottom area that could plausibly flood 00:03:00.800 --> 00:03:03.300 in the contemporary natural flow regime. 00:03:04.500 --> 00:03:05.900 Your design opportunity, as we said, 00:03:06.700 --> 00:03:09.600 Is defined by this gap between condition recovery potential. 00:03:09.600 --> 00:03:10.400 And so, what we talked about is, 00:03:13.500 --> 00:03:14.500 both Weber and I talked about this, 00:03:14.500 --> 00:03:17.500 is to get at least one expression of condition, 00:03:19.000 --> 00:03:22.700 one indicator of condition. 00:03:23.000 --> 00:03:27.400 We're going to split the valley bottom that we have here in yellow into, 00:03:28.400 --> 00:03:31.800 these different, components, 00:03:31.800 --> 00:03:34.080 but they're actually tier one geomorphic units 00:03:34.080 --> 00:03:35.080 in the fluvial taxonomy. 00:03:35.080 --> 00:03:39.500 So basically, active floodplain, active channel, inactive floodplain. 00:03:39.600 --> 00:03:42.600 Okay, so, we could do this for this whole thing. 00:03:47.600 --> 00:03:49.500 But, at this scale, it's kind of hard to see, 00:03:52.800 --> 00:03:54.100 so we're going to zoom in. 00:03:54.100 --> 00:03:56.400 We're gonna zoom in here, and we're going to. 00:03:56.400 --> 00:03:56.900 00:03:56.900 --> 00:03:59.900 Take you to Pops. 00:03:59.900 --> 00:04:01.000 Pops's ranch. 00:04:01.000 --> 00:04:03.300 Okay. 00:04:03.300 --> 00:04:05.400 So just a reminder, we said condition can be expressed. 00:04:05.400 --> 00:04:09.300 by mapping the inactive portion of floodplains. 00:04:09.300 --> 00:04:11.900 And we have this example here okay. 00:04:11.900 --> 00:04:16.800 And so, I've faked hypothetical property boundaries. 00:04:17.300 --> 00:04:21.000 You know, it's kind of looking at, some fence lines and some other stuff. 00:04:21.000 --> 00:04:22.200 So there you go. 00:04:22.200 --> 00:04:23.500 There's Pops's ranch. 00:04:23.500 --> 00:04:26.300 Okay, here's Pops's house. 00:04:26.300 --> 00:04:27.700 There's his barn. 00:04:27.700 --> 00:04:31.300 It's got a nice corral down here, some outbuildings, etc. 00:04:33.500 --> 00:04:35.700 And so what I've done is I've gone and just, you know, 00:04:35.700 --> 00:04:36.800 because I've zoomed in, I can do a little nicer job. 00:04:39.400 --> 00:04:41.700 First thing I did was I mapped the valley bottom. 00:04:43.800 --> 00:04:46.580 I stopped it right here, right at the property line. 00:04:47.400 --> 00:04:50.900 And it goes all along, and notice here 00:04:50.900 --> 00:04:53.100 how I don't have the valley bottom Fall Creek mapped, 00:04:53.100 --> 00:04:55.700 but the valley bottom, just the valley bottom of Coburn Creek. 00:04:57.000 --> 00:05:00.200 And so this part that comes out, I think some of you know what this. 00:05:00.200 --> 00:05:04.760 Is, it's really low angle, so it might be a little deceiving. 00:05:05.100 --> 00:05:07.100 But this is the fan. 00:05:07.100 --> 00:05:09.400 It's the fan of Coburn Creek okay. 00:05:09.400 --> 00:05:13.100 Now it doesn't matter that this isn't really active fan, right, 00:05:13.100 --> 00:05:16.500 necessarily, like active in the sense that this building could still 00:05:16.500 --> 00:05:18.200 be kind of flooding a little bit. 00:05:18.200 --> 00:05:20.800 But this is what we're dealing with, okay? 00:05:22.430 --> 00:05:23.630 So this polygon is 146 acres. 00:05:27.380 --> 00:05:30.630 And, if you want to go zoom around the map, you can. 00:05:31.400 --> 00:05:33.700 This is 82 acres. 00:05:33.900 --> 00:05:34.800 So this link is going to take you to this map, 00:05:34.800 --> 00:05:37.900 and these games that I played. 00:05:37.900 --> 00:05:42.000 So 82 acres of Coburn Creek valley bottom. 00:05:42.000 --> 00:05:44.130 That's kind of what we're dealing with. 00:05:44.130 --> 00:05:47.000 That's going to be our basis for normalization 00:05:47.000 --> 00:05:50.000 of everything that we report. 00:05:50.250 --> 00:05:51.950 Zoomed in here, you can see that 00:05:51.950 --> 00:05:54.050 there is an area that's grazed. 00:05:54.050 --> 00:05:57.096 There's also a bunch of little relic channels and stuff in here. 00:05:57.096 --> 00:06:00.000 Not a relic, but like high stage channels, I should say. 00:06:00.000 --> 00:06:03.900 There's actually some beaver dams, on the floodplain here. 00:06:04.200 --> 00:06:08.160 Oddly, over here against the toe of this slope, too. 00:06:08.700 --> 00:06:11.700 And there's evidence of run out. 00:06:11.700 --> 00:06:15.800 If you zoom in, you will notice that there is a canal. 00:06:15.800 --> 00:06:20.100 And that canal comes along here. 00:06:20.100 --> 00:06:22.600 And, I don't know if these are just, trailing, by cows, 00:06:22.600 --> 00:06:24.700 or if this is just kind of getting this water over to here, 00:06:24.700 --> 00:06:27.800 And they just irrigate, flood irrigate this meadow. 00:06:27.800 --> 00:06:30.000 But, that's some of the infrastructure. 00:06:31.340 --> 00:06:33.600 There's also a fence that comes along. 00:06:33.600 --> 00:06:37.100 You can basically make out the fence line all along there. 00:06:37.700 --> 00:06:40.700 All right. 00:06:40.700 --> 00:06:43.700 So, conditions, 00:06:44.600 --> 00:06:48.700 I mapped out the inactive part of the floodplain. 00:06:48.700 --> 00:06:54.360 Just based off of objective evidence of what it looked like was... NOTE Paragraph 00:06:54.400 --> 00:06:57.200 what was flooding. 00:06:57.200 --> 00:07:00.760 Now, I used some vegetation indicators. 00:07:00.760 --> 00:07:02.810 I used what looked like evidence of flooding on this floodplain. 00:07:02.810 --> 00:07:05.400 You can see a little bit when you zoom in on this. 00:07:05.400 --> 00:07:07.800 Is this perfect? Eh. 00:07:07.800 --> 00:07:09.900 But I think it's reasonably defensible. 00:07:09.900 --> 00:07:11.279 What did I come up with? 00:07:11.279 --> 00:07:14.700 Well, I came up with when I mapped it, traced out the active channel in blue, 00:07:15.500 --> 00:07:16.800 that's about four acres. 00:07:16.800 --> 00:07:20.010 So it's about five percent of the valley bottom. 00:07:20.200 --> 00:07:23.100 I mapped the inactive portion, that's 41. 00:07:23.100 --> 00:07:27.900 So, 41 plus four is 45. 00:07:27.900 --> 00:07:30.300 Subtract that from 82, I get my 37 acres. 00:07:31.100 --> 00:07:35.100 So, the proportion of the valley bottom that's active is 50 percent. 00:07:35.100 --> 00:07:37.670 and it puts us kind of dead smack in the middle here. 00:07:37.670 --> 00:07:40.200 Right in sort of a moderate condition. 00:07:40.200 --> 00:07:43.200 So remember we looked at this, right? 00:07:43.600 --> 00:07:46.600 So, you know, we're we're somewhere in, 00:07:46.600 --> 00:07:49.600 you know, something, along these lines, 00:07:50.570 --> 00:07:55.520 If we were to use the more expanded— which I think is useful here— 00:07:57.700 --> 00:08:01.800 stream evolution model, 00:08:01.800 --> 00:08:02.800 it's probably in this laterally active condition, 00:08:02.800 --> 00:08:04.800 right, our geomorphic conditions, it's laterally active. 00:08:07.800 --> 00:08:08.900 I say that, 00:08:08.900 --> 00:08:09.900 because the other candidate might be Quasi equilibrium, 00:08:09.900 --> 00:08:16.100 or stage one sinuous single thread. 00:08:16.100 --> 00:08:18.200 If we go back, there is this sinuous single thread, 00:08:18.250 --> 00:08:22.800 but if you start zooming in, 00:08:22.800 --> 00:08:25.988 this does have the feel of a channel that's been pushed up 00:08:26.028 --> 00:08:29.200 against that valley bottom, 00:08:29.200 --> 00:08:30.200 our valley margin and valley bottom margin, 00:08:30.200 --> 00:08:33.623 and it just feels like it's kicking everywhere it can. 00:08:33.743 --> 00:08:38.876 There's a lot of active bank erosion, lateral widening, 00:08:38.876 --> 00:08:43.606 little hints in a few of these bends, 00:08:43.803 --> 00:08:44.803 tendencies to build mid-channel bars and islands. 00:08:45.000 --> 00:08:48.750 But just not multi-Threaded, yet. 00:08:49.400 --> 00:08:55.040 It's, so I think it's laterally active, is the right call. 00:08:59.300 --> 00:09:02.700 Remember, we said the answer, you know, is recovery potential, 00:09:02.700 --> 00:09:05.800 to this question of, how much is in play for restoration? 00:09:05.800 --> 00:09:08.500 We're going to map that with pink okay, 00:09:08.500 --> 00:09:12.340 So recall, we have this valley bottom land use, 00:09:12.530 --> 00:09:16.400 And notice how what we mapped is not a million miles off. 00:09:16.400 --> 00:09:22.500 What I was just showing you for the inactive versus active right. 00:09:22.500 --> 00:09:25.000 These are reasonably close. 00:09:25.000 --> 00:09:29.500 Not bad considering we're doing it off of a pretty coarse resolution. 00:09:29.500 --> 00:09:34.600 Well, we asked Pops about recovery potential. 00:09:34.600 --> 00:09:41.600 Okay, so remember, recovery potential is the valley bottom, 00:09:41.600 --> 00:09:48.500 minus what the landowner or the land manager is willing to accept. 00:09:49.580 --> 00:09:52.900 This is an interesting exercise with good old Pops. 00:09:52.900 --> 00:09:57.100 By the way, there is no such thing as Pops. 00:09:57.100 --> 00:09:59.200 I just made this guy up. 00:10:00.600 --> 00:10:04.700 line:1 Coming into this, the yellow area with 50%, 00:10:04.700 --> 00:10:12.300 line:1 that qualifies as active, 50% qualifies as inactive. 00:10:12.300 --> 00:10:16.300 Okay, so the active is the active floodplain and active channel. 00:10:16.300 --> 00:10:18.300 line:1 Notice where pops put the pink line. 00:10:18.300 --> 00:10:21.600 line:1 Okay. Tracks right here. Pretty good. Pretty good. 00:10:23.000 --> 00:10:26.000 line:1 Then there's this, These real straight lines. Why? 00:10:26.100 --> 00:10:28.900 line:1 Well, that's where his fences are. 00:10:28.900 --> 00:10:32.600 line:1 Notice the fence goes right across this active, meander bend 00:10:32.600 --> 00:10:36.000 line:1 that's laterally eroded into the fence, it's gone. 00:10:36.000 --> 00:10:39.200 line:1 There's another spot. 00:10:39.200 --> 00:10:40.200 line:1 Here, where the road, or a little trail, is gone. 00:10:40.200 --> 00:10:47.790 line:1 So in this space right here, 00:10:47.790 --> 00:10:48.790 line:1 Pops isn't really admitting that it's active, 00:10:48.790 --> 00:10:52.400 line:1 He doesn't really see it as that, and that kind of makes sense. 00:10:52.400 --> 00:10:54.800 line:1 He doesn't have his cows out here in the winter. 00:10:54.800 --> 00:11:01.775 line:1 And his cows use this in the spring, and as a summer pasture. 00:11:01.950 --> 00:11:05.198 line:1 He's actually pushing them up to higher ground in the summer. 00:11:05.200 --> 00:11:08.700 line:1 So it's really kind of the spring and the fall, 00:11:08.700 --> 00:11:09.700 line:1 and then the cows are taken somewhere else. 00:11:09.700 --> 00:11:12.100 I'm making that up, too. 00:11:12.100 --> 00:11:17.900 But this is an interesting sort of gap because, what he's saying is that, 00:11:17.900 --> 00:11:21.400 what he's saying is that you could have 35% of this 00:11:21.400 --> 00:11:24.300 for the river to, you know, do better with. 00:11:24.300 --> 00:11:27.000 So the uplift, if we use this indicator, 00:11:27.000 --> 00:11:32.150 or we were to use proportion active as an indicator of overall health, 00:11:34.000 --> 00:11:40.600 there's actually no uplift, right? So what do we do in a situation like that? 00:11:40.600 --> 00:11:44.200 Well, one conclusion is, if the reason you have funding, 00:11:44.200 --> 00:11:46.730 if the reason you're interested in this, 00:11:46.730 --> 00:11:50.100 You really do care about increasing the amount of valley bottom 00:11:50.100 --> 00:11:51.100 that could be active, 00:11:51.100 --> 00:11:54.100 maybe this isn't the right project. 00:11:54.800 --> 00:11:57.900 What he's come up with is logical. It's following the fence line. 00:11:57.900 --> 00:11:59.600 We can dig in a little deeper here. 00:11:59.600 --> 00:12:04.100 So how do you feel, Pops, about channel change and floodplain reconnection? 00:12:04.100 --> 00:12:06.960 Well, he's able to give the stream some space to adjust 00:12:06.960 --> 00:12:10.360 and push into the valley bottom, but not all of it. Okay? 00:12:10.800 --> 00:12:12.200 Yeah, there's beaver there. 00:12:12.210 --> 00:12:15.490 He's got no problem with them. They're kind of interesting. 00:12:15.490 --> 00:12:18.480 So he's willing to allow that. Yeah. 00:12:18.480 --> 00:12:19.480 And he's fine to deal with adaptive management. 00:12:19.480 --> 00:12:21.200 So. Okay, I mean maybe, 00:12:21.200 --> 00:12:24.200 Maybe there's still some room to talk about this. 00:12:24.600 --> 00:12:27.500 Maybe, a better indicator might be, 00:12:27.500 --> 00:12:28.500 instead of one relating to riverscape principle one, 00:12:28.500 --> 00:12:32.200 streams need space, 00:12:32.200 --> 00:12:36.910 maybe for this project with Pops, a better indicator might be 00:12:37.050 --> 00:12:43.100 the proportion of the valley bottom, or the inundation extent at low flow. 00:12:43.100 --> 00:12:44.300 Right. 00:12:44.300 --> 00:12:46.300 line:1 So if we were to look at this, this reach, 00:12:46.300 --> 00:12:47.300 line:1 this is actually a high flow that we're looking at, 00:12:47.300 --> 00:12:53.500 line:1 sort of a bankful flow. 00:12:53.580 --> 00:12:59.340 line:1 And if we were to look at it, 00:12:59.340 --> 00:13:00.340 line:1 you could have some more structural forcing in here 00:13:00.340 --> 00:13:06.210 line:1 that would lead to more connectivity. 00:13:06.300 --> 00:13:09.300 So, pretty much that whole thing's free flowing right now. 00:13:09.400 --> 00:13:11.300 Could we get some structure in there 00:13:11.300 --> 00:13:15.300 that increases some of the inundation extent at low flows? 00:13:15.300 --> 00:13:15.600 Yeah. That's— 00:13:15.600 --> 00:13:18.600 That could be something worth exploring. 00:13:18.700 --> 00:13:23.080 So what could Pop's reach of Coburn be? 00:13:24.500 --> 00:13:25.200 Well. 00:13:25.200 --> 00:13:29.790 Even if it's just in this recovery potential that he's willing to concede, 00:13:30.941 --> 00:13:33.800 we might be able to get some more inundation area, 00:13:33.800 --> 00:13:34.800 and we might be able to shift it to this stage 8, 00:13:34.800 --> 00:13:40.179 sort of a weakly anastomosing system. 00:13:41.100 --> 00:13:43.800 By the way, we call that wandering. 00:13:43.800 --> 00:13:48.630 Maybe we could get a little bit of a wandering system in those few places 00:13:48.630 --> 00:13:51.200 where there's space and he's willing to allow it. 00:13:51.200 --> 00:13:55.000 Sort of it's tendency anyway, and again, 00:13:55.000 --> 00:13:58.000 recovery potential can change over time. 00:13:58.400 --> 00:14:02.200 Well, Pop's has a hypothetical daughter. 00:14:03.100 --> 00:14:06.100 And, Pop's isn't going to be around forever. 00:14:07.100 --> 00:14:10.000 And he likes his daughter a lot. 00:14:10.000 --> 00:14:13.300 This daughter, you know, just loves the river. 00:14:14.300 --> 00:14:15.700 She grew up here, loves the ranch, 00:14:15.700 --> 00:14:18.500 and, yes, I'm making all this up. 00:14:18.500 --> 00:14:23.700 She saw the the map, and she kind of got upset with Pops. 00:14:23.700 --> 00:14:27.700 What she said is, "'Oh, come on. Really?" 00:14:27.700 --> 00:14:30.800 I mean, we're just putting the cows out, and, you know, 00:14:30.800 --> 00:14:31.800 whether or not it's us irrigating the pasture, 00:14:31.800 --> 00:14:34.400 or whether or not it's, you know, 00:14:34.400 --> 00:14:37.860 the river spreading out and doing this stuff, 00:14:37.860 --> 00:14:38.910 the cows can get in there. 00:14:38.910 --> 00:14:39.910 They can use that, 00:14:39.910 --> 00:14:42.990 for the little bit that we use it in the spring, and the summer, 00:14:42.990 --> 00:14:45.620 line:1 but we do have this irrigation canal right along here. 00:14:46.000 --> 00:14:47.600 line:1 Okay. 00:14:47.600 --> 00:14:54.700 line:1 And what she suggested is, yeah, 00:14:54.700 --> 00:14:55.700 line:1 let's just go right off the irrigation canal. 00:14:55.700 --> 00:14:57.510 line:1 This is gravity fed, so it wouldn't be a very easy thing to move. 00:14:57.510 --> 00:15:01.020 line:1 It'd be expensive, etc. 00:15:01.100 --> 00:15:05.830 line:1 They want to keep that operational, and so, this is her recovery potential, 00:15:06.200 --> 00:15:08.770 line:1 The same as Pops up here, but then she's conceding, 00:15:10.200 --> 00:15:14.200 line:1 not just, I mean, Pops's line was way back down here, right? 00:15:14.500 --> 00:15:16.700 line:1 So she's conceding not just 00:15:16.700 --> 00:15:17.700 line:1 that gap between that and the inactive floodplain boundary, 00:15:17.700 --> 00:15:22.450 line:1 but saying, hey, 00:15:22.450 --> 00:15:24.200 line:1 you could go all the way up to the canal, and then, you know, 00:15:24.200 --> 00:15:27.300 once you get past the barn, hey, 00:15:27.300 --> 00:15:29.100 and there's these few little beaver dams here, 00:15:29.100 --> 00:15:31.100 and all the way down onto the fan of this thing. 00:15:31.100 --> 00:15:32.800 I mean, this could really just spread out. 00:15:34.400 --> 00:15:39.500 So by contrast, you know, she's got 63 acres of recovery potential, 00:15:39.700 --> 00:15:43.330 76% of the valley bottom, 00:15:43.700 --> 00:15:47.430 that, you know, that could come back. 00:15:47.800 --> 00:15:52.000 So, the uplift potential is 22 acres, or 53%. 00:15:52.600 --> 00:15:55.200 So that's pretty, that's pretty exciting. 00:15:55.200 --> 00:15:56.600 And so. 00:15:56.600 --> 00:15:59.050 You know, Pops, Pops may, you know, 00:15:59.050 --> 00:16:03.600 Carol is the future, so he let's, 00:16:03.600 --> 00:16:05.500 he lets her run the show. 00:16:05.500 --> 00:16:08.300 So what could Carol's reach of Coburn be? 00:16:08.300 --> 00:16:10.600 Well, up at the top there— right in here? 00:16:11.700 --> 00:16:15.180 Maybe stage eight still, right? 00:16:15.900 --> 00:16:19.200 However, towards the bottom, right, where we could spread out, 00:16:21.150 --> 00:16:22.200 line:1 get across this whole thing, 00:16:22.200 --> 00:16:25.000 really spread out into this fan, you know, maybe, 00:16:25.000 --> 00:16:28.800 stage zero effectively, eventually. 00:16:28.800 --> 00:16:32.100 So, this is just reinforcement of what we did in planning, right? 00:16:32.200 --> 00:16:36.400 This is so fundamental. 00:16:36.400 --> 00:16:40.200 Because this sets the boundary conditions for your design. 00:16:40.200 --> 00:16:43.150 This sets, you know, how I'm going to approach this. 00:16:43.150 --> 00:16:45.310 What's the target I'm shooting for? 00:16:45.310 --> 00:16:48.500 Not necessarily that you're going to get there in your first design, 00:16:48.500 --> 00:16:55.300 but It's a really, really helpful way to queue you up successfully. 00:16:55.300 --> 00:16:59.800 So in conclusion, never start a design without that critical context from planning. 00:16:59.800 --> 00:17:04.100 The design opportunity is defined by that gap 00:17:04.100 --> 00:17:05.100 between condition and recovery potential. 00:17:05.100 --> 00:17:10.775 Scott Shavarian's going to walk you through the design process 00:17:10.775 --> 00:17:14.470 focusing at the complex scale, and inheriting these sorts of, 00:17:14.470 --> 00:17:21.750 objectives, design objectives, out of what this planning process reveals. 00:17:21.800 --> 00:17:25.400 Thank you very much.