[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.12,0:00:10.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As soon as I was born, my grandpa Beto \Nput a Boca jersey on me.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.69,0:00:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In my family, we all root for Boca.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.44,0:00:18.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My uncles, Aitor, the Dude, \Nthey would tell me glorious stories
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.70,0:00:20.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the best football team in Argentina.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.95,0:00:22.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, actually, in the whole world.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.56,0:00:25.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They especially loved telling me
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.23,0:00:27.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about matches we had won\Nto our archrival.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.03,0:00:30.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And on Sundays, we got together \Nfor a barbecue.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.75,0:00:32.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes my grandmother cooked gnocchi.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.72,0:00:33.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The food varied,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.88,0:00:37.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what never changed was that\Nin the afternoons, we all got together
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.39,0:00:39.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to listen to the game on the radio.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.62,0:00:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One day, when I grew up, \Nmy dad took me to the stadium.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.50,0:00:45.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mythical 'Bombonera'.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.76,0:00:47.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh, I will never forget!
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.93,0:00:51.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's how my family\Nwould pass on to me
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.35,0:00:53.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a sense of belonging to a community,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.37,0:00:55.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I later passed on to my children.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.36,0:00:57.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're from Boca and Boca is our team.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.98,0:01:02.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This isn't much different \Nfrom what I lived at school.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.66,0:01:05.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From what all schools do \Nto promote national identity.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.31,0:01:11.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We used symbols like \Nthe flag, the anthem,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.14,0:01:14.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we would share great stories and tales
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.72,0:01:17.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how unique and unrepeatable \Nour country is.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.29,0:01:23.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have rituals, some national heroes \Nand even rivals.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.05,0:01:30.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No one is born biologically \NJapanese, Venezuelan or Mexican.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.40,0:01:34.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need others to approach us
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.19,0:01:36.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and show us what it's like\Nto be a part of,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.68,0:01:39.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to feel part of a community\Nlike our nation.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.42,0:01:44.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That way, we can think \Nthat patriotism
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.100,0:01:46.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the result of a huge effort
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.76,0:01:49.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made from generation to generation
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.06,0:01:50.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep us together.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.95,0:01:55.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To enable this living together \Nin a territory we call our own
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.38,0:02:02.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which we have respect for, \Nand we feel responsible for.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.48,0:02:04.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The good news is that
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.80,0:02:08.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if patriotism is a construction \Nthat we created all together
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.16,0:02:11.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we might also think that \Nwe can go one step further.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.47,0:02:14.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's what I do in my work:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.12,0:02:17.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To think about how we can train people
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.64,0:02:21.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who learn to live together \Nand collaborate globally.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.14,0:02:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No one wants to stop loving their homeland\Nor stop defending it, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.82,0:02:28.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I do think we can rethink \Nsome of the ways
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.97,0:02:30.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which we learn to live with others.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.78,0:02:35.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Evelin was my student in college.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.04,0:02:39.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's a 'porteña', as we call the people\Nfrom the City of Buenos Aires.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.87,0:02:42.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She speaks porteño. \NShe says 'che', 'pibe', 'boludo'.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.05,0:02:45.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His parents are Korean.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.98,0:02:49.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She did her thesis with me about \NKorean immigrants in Argentina.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.15,0:02:53.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She told me that when she goes to a café\Nin the city of Buenos Aires,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.51,0:02:57.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she sits down, and the waiters usually \Nspeak to her in English.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.76,0:03:01.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they're surprised when\Nshe replies back in her perfect porteño.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.88,0:03:06.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I recently learned also about the story \Nof María Magdalena Lamadrid.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.34,0:03:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,María Magdalena is the president \Nof the Africa Vive Foundation,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.81,0:03:12.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is dedicated to making visible
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.63,0:03:16.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the presence of Afro-descendants\Nin Argentina.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.39,0:03:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To make it visible because\Npopular knowledge
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.72,0:03:23.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and some of the stories they tell us\Nwrongly indicate
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.79,0:03:26.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that in Argentina there are no people\Nof African origin.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.64,0:03:29.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a mistake. It's not like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.97,0:03:32.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And something terrible happened\Nto María Magdalena once.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.85,0:03:34.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She arrives at the airport to travel,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.63,0:03:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was going to a convention representing\NArgentinean Afro-descendants,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.18,0:03:39.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it was in Panama,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.87,0:03:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when she reaches\Nthe airport in Buenos Aires
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.80,0:03:44.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she is stopped by immigration police
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.70,0:03:47.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who takes away her passport \Nand tells her it's fake.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.62,0:03:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It seems that to the eyes of these cops
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.98,0:03:55.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was no way there could exist\Na person like María Magdalena
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.53,0:03:58.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is black and Argentinean.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.91,0:04:03.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today it doesn't matter much\Nwhere we live.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.51,0:04:07.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're in constant contact \Nwith other cultures.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.36,0:04:10.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if I meet someone \Nfrom Japan or India,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.74,0:04:13.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm sure the differences \Nwill call my attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.33,0:04:16.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, don't we also have a lot in common?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.76,0:04:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a movie, Letters from Iwo Jima,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.32,0:04:23.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which there a scene that\Nmakes me think a lot about this.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.68,0:04:25.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I will share it with you,\Nit goes like this:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.77,0:04:31.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a group of Japanese soldiers \Nwho are in a cave, on an island,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.16,0:04:34.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,defending against a U.S. attack \Nduring the Second World War.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.47,0:04:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they have a prisoner.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.11,0:04:39.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The prisoner dies\Nwith a piece of paper in his hand.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.78,0:04:43.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And right away they start to wonder \Nif that would be the enemy's plans.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.34,0:04:45.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they ask one \Nwho knows English to read aloud.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.63,0:04:49.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But no, it wasn't the enemy's plans.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.85,0:04:52.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was a letter.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.17,0:04:57.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A letter from his mother telling him \Nthat she loves him, she misses him,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.43,0:04:59.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that she hopes the war will end soon.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.57,0:05:02.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she'd tell him stories about the farm\Nand the town where they lived.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.54,0:05:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One by one, as they listen\Nto the reading,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.38,0:05:11.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Japanese soldiers \Nbegin to get on their feet
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.24,0:05:15.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and take off their helmets to honor him.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.84,0:05:19.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That letter was identical
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.86,0:05:22.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the letters they received \Nfrom their mothers.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.26,0:05:27.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That letter turned an enemy \Ninto a fellow man.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.03,0:05:30.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And those soldiers couldn't fight anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.47,0:05:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think about how much violence \Nis generated in the world
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.22,0:05:39.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we focus on differences.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.17,0:05:42.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In religion, in nationality, skin color.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.66,0:05:48.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Humans as a species \Nface enormous challenges.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.05,0:05:52.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The climate crisis,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.77,0:05:56.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the global growth\Nof inequalities, pandemics.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.20,0:06:01.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And also the challenge to live together \Nwith those who are different.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.40,0:06:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A world, a future, awaits for us\Nplagued by ethical decisions
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.44,0:06:10.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will have to take as a species.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.32,0:06:17.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we will only be able to do it properly\Nif we collaborate.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.75,0:06:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why I believe it is key
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.98,0:06:27.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that in schools we go beyond\Nsoccer rivalry.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.88,0:06:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beyond the 'Boca-River'.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.59,0:06:35.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, education policies
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.57,0:06:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,focus a lot on the importance
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.42,0:06:41.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that students learn \Nmath, language, science.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.56,0:06:44.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's okay, of course. \NThey have to do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.37,0:06:45.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's not enough.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.55,0:06:48.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think we need a school
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.15,0:06:51.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that teaches us how to live together \Nand to collaborate,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.01,0:06:52.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with those who are different.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.53,0:06:53.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those who think differently.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.30,0:06:57.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And a good way to start doing that
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.77,0:07:00.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to start by realizing
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.13,0:07:04.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that our students are already citizens
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.80,0:07:09.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who make ethical decisions every day \Nin a hyper connected world.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.26,0:07:14.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it would be great \Nif we could use those experiences
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.74,0:07:18.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a starting point\Nto offer these students,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.31,0:07:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our students,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.74,0:07:21.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a really practical ethical education.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.64,0:07:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An ethical education \Nto serve as a guide
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.52,0:07:27.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for everyday decision-making.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.43,0:07:31.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can start with something\Nsimple and even trivial
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.90,0:07:34.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like thinking about the clothes we wear.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.89,0:07:36.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why do we choose the clothes we chose?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.61,0:07:39.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How are our tastes set up?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.32,0:07:41.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are they really ours?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.25,0:07:46.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do they symbolize and which tribe \Nthey make us belong to?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.07,0:07:51.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we could ask ourselves about\Nhow these clothes are produced
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.79,0:07:56.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how those production ways \Ninteract with global warming
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.85,0:07:58.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or with the growth of inequalities.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.03,0:08:03.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so our students \Ncould debate and talk
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.58,0:08:06.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about interdependence in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.95,0:08:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,About how our actions, \Neven those simple actions
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.42,0:08:14.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like the clothes we chose to wear,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.20,0:08:18.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can have an impact \Nin people far away,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.21,0:08:22.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in other living beings, \Nand on Earth as an ecosystem.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.88,0:08:24.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if our actions \Nhave an impact on others
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.94,0:08:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that brings a moral responsibility to it.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.39,0:08:31.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to suggest in schools \Ndebates about that responsibility.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.19,0:08:33.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we are probably\Ngoing to find students
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.68,0:08:36.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who have very different\Nand opposed views,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.06,0:08:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even very heated debates.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.25,0:08:39.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Great!
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.04,0:08:45.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It would be a spectacular moment \Nto be able to develop a skill
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.52,0:08:48.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I think is key \Nto live together on a global scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.39,0:08:55.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The ability to genuinely discuss\Nwith others, with those different to us,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.53,0:08:57.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with those who think differently.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.06,0:09:00.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not necessarily to try to convince them.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.30,0:09:02.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Neither to necessary agree.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.57,0:09:06.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's enough for us to make an effort \Nto try to understand them.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.92,0:09:09.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Understand why they think\Nthe way they think.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.24,0:09:12.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And why they defend the values \Nand ideas they advocate for.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.33,0:09:18.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do we really need to all agree \Nin order to live together?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.52,0:09:20.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't think so.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.63,0:09:24.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The goal then is not training people\Nall over the world
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.93,0:09:27.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have exactly the same values.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.18,0:09:32.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I invite you to think \Nif we can design an education
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.86,0:09:37.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that trains people who keep\Nloving their homeland
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.14,0:09:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and still, see all humans \Nas their brothers and sisters.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.16,0:09:43.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And planet Earth as a shared house
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.67,0:09:45.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we all have to take care of.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.57,0:09:50.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if it works out, I'm not saying \Nwe would have a conflict-free world.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.61,0:09:51.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course not.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.49,0:09:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But maybe we could live together \Nmore harmoniously
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.30,0:10:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just on a global scale,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.60,0:10:02.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also in our homeland.