[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.86,0:00:02.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As an elementary school teacher,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.99,0:00:07.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my mom did everything she could\Nto ensure I had good reading skills.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.35,0:00:12.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This usually consisted of weekend\Nreading lessons at our kitchen table
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.84,0:00:14.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while my friends played outside.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.95,0:00:17.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My reading ability improved,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.33,0:00:23.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but these forced reading lessons\Ndidn't exactly inspire a love of reading.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.94,0:00:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,High school changed everything.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.36,0:00:32.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 10th grade, my regular English class\Nread short stories and did spelling tests.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.19,0:00:36.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Out of sheer boredom, I asked\Nto be switched into another class.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.63,0:00:40.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The next semester,\NI joined advanced English.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.04,0:00:41.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.60,0:00:45.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We read two novels and wrote\Ntwo book reports that semester.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.98,0:00:49.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The drastic difference and rigor\Nbetween these two English classes
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.73,0:00:52.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,angered me and spurred questions like,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.69,0:00:55.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where did all these\Nwhite people come from?"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.84,0:00:57.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.10,0:01:01.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My high school was always\N70 percent black and Latino
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.13,0:01:05.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this advanced English class\Nhad white students everywhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.36,0:01:10.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This personal encounter\Nwith institutionalized racism
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.08,0:01:12.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,altered my relationship\Nwith reading forever.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.28,0:01:17.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I learned that I couldn't depend\Non a school, a teacher or curriculum
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.14,0:01:19.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to teach me what I needed to know.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.50,0:01:23.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And more out of like, rebellion,\Nthan being intellectual,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.60,0:01:27.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I decided I would no longer allow\Nother people to dictate
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.34,0:01:29.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when and what I read.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.65,0:01:33.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And without realizing it,\NI had stumbled upon a key
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.37,0:01:35.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to helping children read.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.66,0:01:36.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Identity.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.34,0:01:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of fixating on skills
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.29,0:01:43.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and moving students\Nfrom one reading level to another,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.80,0:01:49.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or forcing struggling readers\Nto memorize lists of unfamiliar words,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.33,0:01:53.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we should be asking ourselves\Nthis question:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.06,0:01:57.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How can we inspire children\Nto identify as readers?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.56,0:02:03.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,D'shon, a brilliant first-grader\NI taught in the Bronx,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.04,0:02:06.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he helped me understand\Nhow identity shapes learning.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.61,0:02:10.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One day during math,\NI walk up to D'shon and I say,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.37,0:02:13.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"D'shon, you're a great mathematician."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.33,0:02:15.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He looks at me and responds,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.43,0:02:17.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I'm not a mathematician,\NI'm a math genius!"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.99,0:02:19.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.28,0:02:21.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,OK D'shon, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.23,0:02:23.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reading?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.60,0:02:25.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Completely different story.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.27,0:02:26.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Mr. Irby, I can't read.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.33,0:02:29.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm never going to learn\Nto read," he would say.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.29,0:02:32.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I taught D'shon to read,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.99,0:02:38.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there are countless black boys\Nwho remain trapped in illiteracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.75,0:02:41.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,According to the US\NDepartment of Education,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.19,0:02:45.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more than 85 percent\Nof black male fourth graders
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.20,0:02:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are not proficient in reading.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.64,0:02:48.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,85 percent!
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.76,0:02:55.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The more challenges\Nto reading children face,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.42,0:02:58.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more culturally competent\Neducators need to be.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.41,0:03:03.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Moonlighting as a stand-up comedian\Nfor the past eight years,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.11,0:03:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I understand the importance\Nof cultural competency.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.00,0:03:08.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which I define as the ability to translate
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.97,0:03:13.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you want someone else\Nto know or be able to do
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.11,0:03:18.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into communication or experiences\Nthat they find relevant and engaging.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.77,0:03:21.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before going on stage,\NI assess an audience.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.86,0:03:23.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are they white, are they Latino?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.34,0:03:27.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are they old, young,\Nprofessional, conservative?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.47,0:03:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then I curate and modify my jokes
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.11,0:03:33.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based on what I think\Nwould generate the most laughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.34,0:03:37.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While performing in a church,\NI could tell bar jokes.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.76,0:03:40.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that might not result in laughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.93,0:03:42.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.81,0:03:47.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a society, we're creating\Nreading experiences for children
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.97,0:03:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are the equivalent\Nof telling bar jokes in a church.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.69,0:03:54.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then we wonder\Nwhy so many children don't read.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.43,0:03:58.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Educator and philosopher Paulo Freire
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.31,0:04:01.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,believed that teaching and learning\Nshould be two-way.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.48,0:04:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Students shouldn't be viewed\Nas empty buckets to be filled with facts,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.04,0:04:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but as cocreators of knowledge.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.91,0:04:13.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cookie-cutter curriculums\Nand school policies
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.32,0:04:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that require students to sit statue-still
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.47,0:04:18.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to work in complete silence --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.87,0:04:23.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these environments often exclude\Nthe individual learning needs,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.88,0:04:26.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the interest and expertise of children.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.05,0:04:28.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Especially black boys.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.78,0:04:32.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of the children's books\Npromoted to black boys
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.81,0:04:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,focus on serious topics, like slavery,\Ncivil rights and biographies.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.05,0:04:42.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Less than two percent of teachers\Nin the United States are black males.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.08,0:04:45.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And a majority of black boys\Nare raised by single mothers.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.32,0:04:50.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are literally young black boys\Nwho have never seen a black man reading.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.46,0:04:55.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or never had a black man\Nencourage him to read.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.61,0:05:02.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What cultural factors,\Nwhat social cues are present
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.74,0:05:04.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would lead\Na young black boy to conclude
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.90,0:05:06.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that reading is even\Nsomething he should do?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.95,0:05:10.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is why I created Barbershop Books.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.21,0:05:14.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a literacy nonprofit
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.77,0:05:18.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that creates child-friendly\Nreading spaces in barber shops.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.79,0:05:21.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mission is simple:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.43,0:05:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to help young black boys\Nidentify as readers.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.56,0:05:29.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lots of black boys go to the barber shop\Nonce or twice a month.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.85,0:05:33.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some see their barbers\Nmore than they see their fathers.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.50,0:05:38.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Barbershop Books connect reading\Nto a male-centered space
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.62,0:05:42.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and involves black men\Nand boys' early reading experiences.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.51,0:05:45.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This identity-based reading program
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.98,0:05:49.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,uses a curated list of children's books\Nrecommended by black boys.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.74,0:05:52.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are the books\Nthat they actually want to read.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.54,0:05:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scholastic's 2016 Kids and Family Report
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.43,0:06:04.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,found that the number one thing\Nchildren look for when choosing a book
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.13,0:06:06.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a book that will make them laugh.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.20,0:06:12.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if we're serious about helping\Nblack boys and other children to read
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.77,0:06:14.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it's not required,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.71,0:06:17.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to incorporate\Nrelevant male reading models
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.48,0:06:18.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into early literacy.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.60,0:06:24.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In exchange, some of the children's books\Nthat adults love so much
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.26,0:06:29.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for funny, silly or even gross books,\Nlike "Gross Greg".
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.11,0:06:33.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.74,0:06:38.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You call them boogers.\NGreg calls them delicious little sugars."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.82,0:06:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.14,0:06:44.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That laugh, that positive reaction
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.11,0:06:46.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or gross reaction some of you just had,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.56,0:06:47.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.76,0:06:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black boys deserve\Nand desperately need more of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.08,0:06:57.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dismantling the savage inequalities\Nthat plague American education
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.52,0:07:01.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,requires us to create reading experiences
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.17,0:07:04.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that inspire all children\Nto say three words:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.50,0:07:06.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm a reader.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.18,0:07:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.38,0:07:13.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)