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Hi, friends!

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This module discuss about language [br]acquisition and language learning.

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The factors influencing the acquisition [br]of a language,

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like the learner factors, environmental [br]factors and infrastructural factors

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are dealt in detail.

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Acquisition and learning.

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Language acquisition is the process by[br]which humans acquired the capacity to

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perceive and comprehend language. As well[br]as to produce and use language.

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Acquisition is implicit and subconscious[br]which take place in an informal situation.

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According to Stephen Christian 1985, [br]language acquisition does not require

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extensive use of conscious grammatical [br]rules and tedious drill.

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Acquisition requires meaningful [br]interaction in the target language,

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natural communication in which speakers[br]are connected,

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not with the form of their entrances but[br]with the messages they are convenient

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and understanding.

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Language acquisition encompasses the [br]development of

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four interdependent systems.

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Pragmatic: communicative use of language[br]in a social context;

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Phonological: perception and production of[br]sounds to form words;

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Semantics: processing of meaning

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and grammatical use of syntactic and[br]morphological rules to combine words

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into meaningful sentences.

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The phonological and grammatical systems[br]constitute the language form.

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The pragmatic system describes

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how language should be adapted

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to specific social situations

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in order to convey emotions

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and reinforce meaning.

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The term acquisition is used for L1

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and the term learning is associated[br]with L2.

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Children acquire language through a [br]subconscious process

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during which they are unaware of [br]grammatical rules,

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that is no deliberator for to learn the[br]language.

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They pick up language in informal [br]situations.

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Language acquisition is implicit, and[br]effortless as meaningful communication

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occurs in natural environment.

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While communicating the message in the[br]text is given more important

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rather than the form.

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... connected through feedback or[br]when they hear the correct usages.

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Later on, they can cut it themselves

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when they become masters of linguistic[br]generalizations.

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They will be confident in using the [br]language in the real life situations.

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Language learning is explicit and[br]conscious

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and takes place in a formal situation.

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The rules of the language are taught[br]directly

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and learning is the product of formal[br]instruction.

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It is learning about a language.

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Children have the conscious knowledge of[br]the new language, and can talk about it.

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They can memorize the rules to solve a[br]grammatical problem,

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but when it comes to the practical level[br]of using the language

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it may not work.

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In the case of second language,

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all the third or the fourth language,

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this is what happens.

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