[Script Info] Title: [Events] Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.40,0:00:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Il Messico è l'11° paese più popolato\Nal mondo con 121 milioni di persone. Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.88,0:00:08.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,È tra le 15 economie\Nmaggiori al mondo Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.59,0:00:11.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,e la seconda economia \Ndell'America Latina. Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.26,0:00:13.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Benvenuti al nostro \Nspettacolo storico. Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.47,0:00:16.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In questo episodio presentiamo\Nuna breve storia del Messico. Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.41,0:00:19.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I suoi reperti più antichi sono \Nframmenti di strumenti in pietra Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.50,0:00:22.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trovati vicino ai resti di un falò\Nnella valle del Messico, Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.06,0:00:23.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,10.000 anni fa. Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.47,0:00:27.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Messico è avvenuta la domesticazione\Ndi mais, pomodori e fagioli Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.15,0:00:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,che si sono trasformati in\Neccedenza agricola. Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.32,0:00:32.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Così la transizione\Nda cacciatori e raccoglitori Paleo Indiani Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.64,0:00:34.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a villaggi di agricoltori sedentari Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.92,0:00:36.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ha avuto inizio nel 5000 d.C. Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.96,0:00:40.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nel periodo formativo i villaggi \Naumentarono la loro popolazione Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.66,0:00:42.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,e si svilupparono in domini. Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.59,0:00:46.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,La prima civiltà complessa \Ndel Messico fu quella olmeca Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.17,0:00:49.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,che fiorì lungo la costa del Golfo\Na partire dal 1500 d.C. circa. Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.44,0:00:52.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I tratti culturali olmechi\Nsi diffusero in Messico Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.02,0:00:53.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grazie alle culture \Ndel periodo formativo Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.61,0:00:56.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Chiapas, a Oaxaca \Ne nella Valle del Messico. Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.09,0:00:58.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nel successivo periodo preclassico Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.41,0:01:00.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i Maya e gli Zapotechi Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.39,0:01:04.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,crearono centri più complessi\Nrispettivamente a Calakmul e Monte Albán. Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.30,0:01:07.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In questo periodo fu sviluppato\Nil primo, vero sistema di scrittura Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.21,0:01:10.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dagli Epi-Olmechi\Ne dagli Zapotechi. Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.34,0:01:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nel Messico Centrale,\Nl'apice del periodo classico Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.88,0:01:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vide l'ascesa di Teotihuacán Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.86,0:01:17.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,che costituì un impero\Nmilitare e commerciale, Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.04,0:01:21.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,la cui influenza si estese sia al Sud\Nnell'area maya, sia al Nord. Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.42,0:01:24.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dopo la caduta di Teotihuacan,\Nnel 600 d. C., Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.20,0:01:27.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,la competizione tra importanti centri \Npolitici del Messico Centrale, Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.29,0:01:30.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come Xochicalco e Cholula,\Nsi fece serrata. Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.93,0:01:32.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Durante il primo periodo\Npostclassico Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.80,0:01:35.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,il Messico Centrale fu dominato\Ndalla cultura tolteca, Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.67,0:01:38.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oaxaca dai Mixtechi e \Nl'area pianeggiante dei Maya Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.42,0:01:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ebbe centri importanti\Ncome Chicén Itza e Mayapán. Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.46,0:01:45.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gli Aztechi, l'ultima delle grandi \Nciviltà precolombiane locali, Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.51,0:01:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,divenne preminente nella \NValle Centrale del Messico intorno al 1427 Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.40,0:01:51.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grazie agli accordi con Toltechi e Maya. Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.85,0:01:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Questa triplice alleanza conquistò \Nle popolazioni minori da est a ovest Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.22,0:01:59.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,finché l'impero Azteco non si estese\Ndall'Oceano Pacifico alla costa del Golfo. Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.64,0:02:01.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gli spagnoli si accorsero del Messico Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.61,0:02:04.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,durante la spedizione di \NJuan de Grijalva del 1518. Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.37,0:02:08.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.02,0:02:11.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.25,0:02:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.94,0:02:16.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.85,0:02:19.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.97,0:02:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.28,0:02:25.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.46,0:02:28.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.43,0:02:31.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.56,0:02:35.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.05,0:02:39.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.88,0:02:42.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.97,0:02:46.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.23,0:02:49.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.60,0:02:52.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.20,0:02:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.99,0:02:57.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.10,0:02:59.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.66,0:03:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.75,0:03:04.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.19,0:03:06.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.49,0:03:09.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.51,0:03:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.52,0:03:15.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.24,0:03:17.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.73,0:03:19.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.91,0:03:22.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.45,0:03:25.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.28,0:03:28.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.66,0:03:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.44,0:03:32.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.84,0:03:35.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.56,0:03:37.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.93,0:03:40.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.47,0:03:43.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.85,0:03:46.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.88,0:03:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.12,0:03:53.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.69,0:03:56.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.39,0:03:58.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.35,0:04:01.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.39,0:04:05.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.34,0:04:07.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.42,0:04:10.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.20,0:04:12.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.06,0:04:16.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.20,0:04:18.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.84,0:04:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.30,0:04:22.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.75,0:04:26.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.05,0:04:28.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.20,0:04:30.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.31,0:04:32.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.84,0:04:34.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.84,0:04:36.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.76,0:04:38.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.96,0:04:43.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.16,0:04:46.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.62,0:04:50.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.09,0:04:54.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.18,0:04:56.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.60,0:05:00.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.34,0:05:02.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.48,0:05:03.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.03,0:05:05.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.84,0:05:08.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.57,0:05:12.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.39,0:05:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.06,0:05:20.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.28,0:05:23.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.56,0:05:25.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.71,0:05:28.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.14,0:05:29.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.54,0:05:32.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.16,0:05:34.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.52,0:05:37.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.26,0:05:39.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.21,0:05:42.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.18,0:05:46.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.03,0:05:48.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.90,0:05:51.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.31,0:05:53.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.86,0:05:56.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.19,0:05:58.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.84,0:06:00.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.79,0:06:03.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.74,0:06:06.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.87,0:06:09.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.46,0:06:10.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.77,0:06:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,