1
00:00:15,555 --> 00:00:18,688
Insonlar ko'pincha "doubt" so'zi
imlosini ahmoqona deb o'ylashadi.

2
00:00:18,688 --> 00:00:20,607
Undagi "b" harfi sababli.

3
00:00:20,607 --> 00:00:22,234
U talaffuz qilinmas ekan,

4
00:00:22,234 --> 00:00:25,440
ko'pchilik uni nega kerak ekanligini 
tushuna olishmaydi.

5
00:00:25,440 --> 00:00:27,780
Maktabda o'rganganlarimizga qaramay,

6
00:00:27,780 --> 00:00:30,268
ingliz tili imlosida tovush unchalik ham

7
00:00:30,268 --> 00:00:32,414
ahamiyatga ega emas.

8
00:00:32,414 --> 00:00:35,695
So'zning ma'nosi va uning tarixi birinchi 
navbatda ahamiyatlidir.

9
00:00:35,695 --> 00:00:37,729
"To doubt" so'zi "shubhalanmoq",

10
00:00:37,729 --> 00:00:38,739
"ikkilanmoq",

11
00:00:38,739 --> 00:00:40,202
"tortinmoq" deganidir.

12
00:00:40,202 --> 00:00:43,780
Ot so'z turkumi sifatida u noaniqlik, 
adashish degan ma'nolarga ega.

13
00:00:43,780 --> 00:00:46,146
Zamonaviy ingliz tilidagi "doubt" so'zi

14
00:00:46,146 --> 00:00:49,786
lotincha "dubitare" so'zidan kelib 
chiqqan.

15
00:00:49,786 --> 00:00:52,211
U boshida lotinchadan fransuz tiliga 
o'tgan.

16
00:00:52,211 --> 00:00:56,471
Shunda u "b" tovushini va harfini 
yo'qotgan.

17
00:00:56,471 --> 00:00:59,421
Keyinchalik XIII asrda bu so'z ingliz 
tiliga kirib kelgan.

18
00:00:59,421 --> 00:01:01,347
Yuz yillarcha vaqt o'tib,

19
00:01:01,347 --> 00:01:05,459
lotin tilini ham biladigan ingliz tilidagi
yozuvchilar

20
00:01:05,459 --> 00:01:09,466
so'zga "b" harfini qo'shishni boshlashdi.

21
00:01:09,466 --> 00:01:12,501
Hatto uni hech kim shunday talaffuz 
qilmasa ham.

22
00:01:12,501 --> 00:01:14,186
Nega bunday qilishgan?

23
00:01:14,186 --> 00:01:16,080
Nima uchun bu so'zga

24
00:01:16,080 --> 00:01:19,151
"gapirmaydigan" harf qo'shishgan?

25
00:01:19,151 --> 00:01:21,178
Chunki ular lotin tilini bilishgan.

26
00:01:21,178 --> 00:01:26,532
Ular "doubt" so'zining ildizida "b" 
harfi borligini bilishgan.

27
00:01:26,532 --> 00:01:30,189
Vaqt o'tib lotin tilini biladigan insonlar
kamayganida ham

28
00:01:30,189 --> 00:01:32,756
"b" saqlab qolingan, chunki u muhim 
rol o'ynagan.

29
00:01:32,756 --> 00:01:35,339
Qarindosh so'zlar bilan bog'liqlikni 
saqlab turgan.

30
00:01:35,339 --> 00:01:38,158
Bular "dubious" va "indubitalbly" kabi 
so'zlar bo'lib,

31
00:01:38,158 --> 00:01:40,372
ular ham lotin tilidagi "dubitare" 
so'zidan

32
00:01:40,372 --> 00:01:43,802
kelib chiqqan va ingliz tiliga kiritilgan.

33
00:01:43,802 --> 00:01:46,098
Bu tarixiy bog'liqliklarni tushunish

34
00:01:46,098 --> 00:01:48,399
bizga nafaqat "doubt"ni talaffuz qilishni,

35
00:01:48,399 --> 00:01:50,403
balki bu murakkab so'zlarning ma'nosini

36
00:01:50,403 --> 00:01:53,068
anglashga yordam berdi.

37
00:01:53,068 --> 00:01:55,197
Tarix bu bilan tugamaydi.

38
00:01:55,197 --> 00:01:56,431
Yanada chuqurroq qarasak,

39
00:01:56,431 --> 00:01:59,462
"b"ning qanchalar o'rinli ekanligini

40
00:01:59,462 --> 00:02:02,782
ko'rishimiz mumkin.

41
00:02:02,782 --> 00:02:05,508
Ingliz tilida «d-o-u-b» harflari bilan 
boshlanadigan

42
00:02:05,508 --> 00:02:08,796
atigi ikkita tayanch so'z bor:

43
00:02:08,796 --> 00:02:10,574
bittasi — "doubt",

44
00:02:10,574 --> 00:02:12,528
ikkinchisi — "double".

45
00:02:12,528 --> 00:02:14,372
Bu so'zlar orqali biz ko'plab so'zlar

46
00:02:14,372 --> 00:02:16,020
yaratishimiz mumkin:

47
00:02:16,020 --> 00:02:16,990
"doubtful",

48
00:02:16,990 --> 00:02:18,344
"doubtless",

49
00:02:18,344 --> 00:02:19,513
yoki "doublet",

50
00:02:19,513 --> 00:02:20,564
"redouble",

51
00:02:20,564 --> 00:02:22,066
"doubloon" kabi.

52
00:02:22,066 --> 00:02:24,508
Aslida agar biz ularning tarixiga qarasak,

53
00:02:24,508 --> 00:02:26,807
bu ikkala so'z ham lotinchada

54
00:02:26,807 --> 00:02:29,287
bir xil o'zakdan kelib chiqqan.

55
00:02:29,287 --> 00:02:31,260
"Double" so'zining ma'nosi,

56
00:02:31,260 --> 00:02:32,133
ikki,

57
00:02:32,133 --> 00:02:35,778
"doubt" so'zining tubida yotadi.

58
00:02:35,778 --> 00:02:37,319
Biz shubhalanganimizda,

59
00:02:37,319 --> 00:02:38,831
ikkilanganimizda,

60
00:02:38,831 --> 00:02:41,497
biz o'zimizga bashorat qilamiz.

61
00:02:41,497 --> 00:02:43,675
Bizda nimadandir shubha bo'lsa,

62
00:02:43,675 --> 00:02:46,129
bizda savollar ko'p bo'lganida yoki 
adashganimizda

63
00:02:46,129 --> 00:02:48,876
biz qat'iyatsiz bo'lamiz.

64
00:02:48,876 --> 00:02:51,544
Tarixan,
ingliz tili fransuz tilidan

65
00:02:51,544 --> 00:02:53,234
so'zlar kirita boshlaganida,

66
00:02:53,234 --> 00:02:55,506
shubha degan so'z allaqachon 
mavjud bo'lgan.

67
00:02:55,506 --> 00:02:59,152
U eski inglizcha so'z "tweogan" edi.

68
00:02:59,152 --> 00:03:01,585
Yozilishidan ko'rinib turganidek, bu so'z

69
00:03:01,585 --> 00:03:05,288
"two" bilan bog'liq.

70
00:03:05,288 --> 00:03:06,758
Keyingi safar nega ingliz tili

71
00:03:06,758 --> 00:03:09,457
imlosi bunday ishlashi haqida o'ylanib 
qolganingizda,

72
00:03:09,457 --> 00:03:11,412
ikki marta qarang.

73
00:03:11,412 --> 00:03:16,170
Ikkinchi marta ko'rganingiz sizga to'g'ri
xulosa qilishingiz uchun yordam beradi.