0:00:00.722,0:00:02.289
These are worms.

0:00:02.289,0:00:04.968
Not the kind of worms[br]you find crawling in the dirt.

0:00:04.968,0:00:07.077
These are parasitic roundworms.

0:00:07.077,0:00:09.536
They live inside[br]a human being's intestines.

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Each of these worms can grow[br]up to 12 inches long,

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and there are 200 of them[br]in this jar for a reason,

0:00:14.702,0:00:16.764
because that is the number[br]you might typically find

0:00:16.764,0:00:19.595
in the belly of a single infected child.

0:00:19.595,0:00:22.079
Worm infections have been around[br]for thousands of years.

0:00:22.079,0:00:23.817
They have influenced the outcomes of wars,

0:00:23.817,0:00:25.954
and they have long stymied human health.

0:00:25.954,0:00:27.536
Roundworm, hookworm,

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whipworm, schistosomiasis:

0:00:29.898,0:00:33.111
infections from these species[br]cause pain and discomfort.

0:00:33.111,0:00:35.151
They steal nutrients and zap energy.

0:00:35.151,0:00:37.649
They both physical and cognitive growth.

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In most cases, these worms[br]may not be fatal,

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but paradoxically,[br]that's part of the problem.

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It means that many countries[br]simply have not been able

0:00:45.177,0:00:46.918
to prioritize their treatment.

0:00:46.918,0:00:48.676
There's a social cost to that:

0:00:48.676,0:00:50.781
children without access[br]to deworming treatments

0:00:50.781,0:00:52.842
have lower rates of school attendants.

0:00:52.842,0:00:55.040
Adults who grow up[br]without deworming medicine

0:00:55.040,0:00:57.494
are less productive[br]and have lower lifelong earnings.

0:00:57.494,0:01:00.856
What intestinal worms do, really,

0:01:00.856,0:01:01.961
is limit potential.

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Currently, there are 1.7 billion people[br]in the world still at risk for worms.

0:01:05.664,0:01:08.150
Six hundred million of them are in Africa.

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For every dollar invested[br]in worm control and prevention,

0:01:10.936,0:01:14.960
African countries see up to[br]42 dollars return in economic benefits.

0:01:15.229,0:01:18.495
The good news is that deworming[br]treatment is extremely easy.

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One to three pills[br]given once or twice a year

0:01:20.668,0:01:23.730
is enough to take a child[br]from 200 worms to zero

0:01:23.730,0:01:26.275
and to protect them[br]from infection going forward.

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In communities where[br]there's a high prevalence of worms,

0:01:28.742,0:01:30.766
treatment can be done right at school.

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This process is extremely simple and fast.

0:01:33.328,0:01:36.389
In Ethiopia, for example,[br]this is done for 20 million children

0:01:36.389,0:01:37.859
in a matter of weeks.

0:01:37.859,0:01:41.553
The world has come a long way[br]on getting deworming medicines

0:01:41.553,0:01:43.192
to the people who need them,

0:01:43.192,0:01:45.569
and African governments want[br]to gain more traction.

0:01:45.569,0:01:47.730
It's now time to match their ambition.

0:01:47.730,0:01:50.750
The END Fund will work with governments

0:01:50.750,0:01:54.641
to create a plan that drastically reduces[br]the burden of disease caused by worms.

0:01:54.641,0:01:57.867
They will work together to ensure[br]prevention and treatment programs

0:01:57.867,0:01:59.121
can serve everyone.

0:01:59.121,0:02:01.383
The END Fund has an audacious idea:

0:02:01.383,0:02:05.728
they believe we are the generation to end[br]sickness from worm infections forever.

0:02:05.728,0:02:08.899
The key is not simply to build[br]new programs from scratch,

0:02:08.899,0:02:12.272
but to amplify the efforts of the programs[br]that are already taking shape.

0:02:12.272,0:02:15.961
By examining the problem[br]of how worms transmit disease,

0:02:15.961,0:02:19.652
the END Fund has identified five key areas[br]where they can drive improvement.

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Number one: lower the cost of treatment.

0:02:22.732,0:02:25.750
Many pharmaceutical companies[br]offer deworming medicines for free,

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so the END Fund works[br]with the right partners

0:02:27.602,0:02:29.463
to coordinate their delivery.

0:02:29.463,0:02:31.869
They will continue[br]to secure drug donations

0:02:31.869,0:02:34.620
for additional at risk populations.

0:02:34.620,0:02:38.804
They can now do it for less than[br]25 cents per child per year.

0:02:39.320,0:02:41.774
Number two: focus on prevention.

0:02:41.774,0:02:44.999
The END Fund calls in the right partners[br]to educate communities

0:02:44.999,0:02:46.489
on sanitation and hygiene

0:02:46.489,0:02:49.288
in order to change behaviors[br]around things like hand-washing

0:02:49.288,0:02:50.181
and latrine use,

0:02:50.181,0:02:52.725
ensuring people are not[br]continually reinfected.

0:02:53.207,0:02:55.939
Number three: invest in innovation.

0:02:55.939,0:02:58.193
The END Fund has contributed to deworming

0:02:58.193,0:03:02.287
by introducing innovative techniques[br]that effectively target and treat people.

0:03:02.287,0:03:04.243
They will test new delivery methods,

0:03:04.243,0:03:06.266
target the environments[br]where parasites thrive,

0:03:06.266,0:03:07.990
and influence behavior change.

0:03:07.990,0:03:10.567
Number four: monitor and evaluate.

0:03:10.567,0:03:14.546
The END Fund collects detailed data[br]on all programs on a regular basis

0:03:14.546,0:03:17.104
to help them get better[br]and better over time.

0:03:17.104,0:03:19.951
Number five: increase local ownership.

0:03:20.219,0:03:21.955
At all stages of the process,

0:03:21.955,0:03:24.982
the END Fund works with government[br]and local stakeholders

0:03:24.982,0:03:28.784
to encourage co-financing commitments[br]that supports deworming efforts.

0:03:28.784,0:03:31.080
They also worked with[br]African philanthropists

0:03:31.080,0:03:33.705
and corporate leaders[br]to partner on these efforts.

0:03:33.705,0:03:37.472
There's an incredible opportunity[br]to work together to create a new system

0:03:37.472,0:03:40.776
for disease elimination[br]for the next decade and beyond.

0:03:40.776,0:03:42.688
Part of the money the END Fund needs

0:03:42.688,0:03:45.193
will go directly toward delivering[br]deworming treatments

0:03:45.193,0:03:46.705
to communities that need it,

0:03:46.705,0:03:50.027
and part will go towards facilitating[br]the handover of programs

0:03:50.027,0:03:51.370
to local ownership.

0:03:51.370,0:03:54.928
Together, these efforts will create[br]prevention and treatment programs

0:03:54.928,0:03:57.298
that are sustainable far into the future.

0:03:57.298,0:04:00.791
If this plan gets fully funded[br]for the next six years,

0:04:00.791,0:04:04.735
tens of millions of people[br]will receive deworming treatment.

0:04:04.735,0:04:08.730
With that, countries will be interrupting[br]the cycle of disease transmission

0:04:08.730,0:04:10.024
at all levels,

0:04:10.024,0:04:14.349
and, most importantly, people[br]will experience significant improvements

0:04:14.349,0:04:16.876
in their mental, physical,[br]and social health.

0:04:16.876,0:04:19.450
Just imagine the potential[br]that will be gained

0:04:19.665,0:04:21.997
when people can stop[br]worrying about these

0:04:21.997,0:04:25.690
and can put their energy[br]to things like these.