0:00:00.040,0:00:05.381
The response from the peasants [br]to all of this was riots and revolts.

0:00:05.457,0:00:09.405
Again, the revolts were particularly bad[br]because the peasants could see

0:00:09.405,0:00:13.334
that after their grain was seized [br]and brutally confiscated from them,

0:00:13.334,0:00:15.880
it was sitting there rotting away

0:00:15.880,0:00:21.251
in the railway wagons, in churches,[br]in schools, and so forth,

0:00:21.251,0:00:23.227
for lack of a better storage space.

0:00:23.270,0:00:28.759
After the revolts, the state responded[br]with use of tanks and bayonets,

0:00:28.759,0:00:33.264
and collectivization, which was often [br]used as a punitive measure

0:00:33.264,0:00:37.998
or to ensure that the peasants were[br]unable to destroy or hoard the food

0:00:38.161,0:00:40.104
because they were collectivized

0:00:40.104,0:00:44.064
although then the collective farms[br]also did engage in hoarding.

0:00:44.064,0:00:46.679
It was not so much[br]that the state was insistent

0:00:46.679,0:00:50.537
upon spreading collectivization [br]fast across the country

0:00:50.537,0:00:52.534
as it was a response

0:00:52.534,0:00:57.094
to the problem of trying to ensure[br]procurement of the grain.

0:00:57.094,0:00:59.805
Transcriber: Michel Smits[br]Reviewer: Maurício Kakuei Tanaka