1
00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:05,381
The response from the peasants 
to all of this was riots and revolts.

2
00:00:05,457 --> 00:00:09,405
Again, the revolts were particularly bad
because the peasants could see

3
00:00:09,405 --> 00:00:13,334
that after their grain was seized 
and brutally confiscated from them,

4
00:00:13,334 --> 00:00:15,880
it was sitting there rotting away

5
00:00:15,880 --> 00:00:21,251
in the railway wagons, in churches,
in schools, and so forth,

6
00:00:21,251 --> 00:00:23,227
for lack of a better storage space.

7
00:00:23,270 --> 00:00:28,759
After the revolts, the state responded
with use of tanks and bayonets,

8
00:00:28,759 --> 00:00:33,264
and collectivization, which was often 
used as a punitive measure

9
00:00:33,264 --> 00:00:37,998
or to ensure that the peasants were
unable to destroy or hoard the food

10
00:00:38,161 --> 00:00:40,104
because they were collectivized

11
00:00:40,104 --> 00:00:44,064
although then the collective farms
also did engage in hoarding.

12
00:00:44,064 --> 00:00:46,679
It was not so much
that the state was insistent

13
00:00:46,679 --> 00:00:50,537
upon spreading collectivization 
fast across the country

14
00:00:50,537 --> 00:00:52,534
as it was a response

15
00:00:52,534 --> 00:00:57,094
to the problem of trying to ensure
procurement of the grain.

16
00:00:57,094 --> 00:00:59,805
Transcriber: Michel Smits
Reviewer: Maurício Kakuei Tanaka