usic]
musica
>> Instructor: If you’re a camera,
a 3D camera,
istruttore: se sei una videocamera in 3D
and you’re looking at her,
e la stai guardando.
puntando in quella direzione.
and she’s pointing in that direction,
la domanda é:
what do you call X,
quale sarebbe x?
what do you call Y,
quale sarebbe Y?
and what do you call Z?
e quale sarebbe Z?
>> Student: I would want to take
Studente: vorrei soltanto
all the knowledge that I've learned
throughout this camp using Quorum
carpire tutto ciò che ho imparato usando Quorum
and maybe develop my own game
maybe later down the line.
e sviluppare tutte le mie conoscenze,su questa linea
>> Student: I really want to teach others.
Studente: voglio insegnare ad altri
That’s sort of
what I like to do
tutto ciò che mi piace fare
and with Quorum I can
do that much easier.
e grazie a Quorum posso farlo facilmente
[music]
(musica) quorum. un programmatore linguistico
accessibile
>> Instructor: We’re now going to say "box."
istruttore: ora stiamo dicendo
"box"
>> Narrator: Technology jobs are in demand
I lavori con la tecnologia
sono in richiesta
and an understanding
of computing and coding
e conoscere computer e codici
are important for anyone
pursuing these opportunities.
è importante per perseguire nuove
opportunità
But learning programming languages
can be difficult for any new student
Ma apprendere nuovi
linguaggi di programmazione
è difficile
including some students
with disabilities.
anche per studenti
disabili
That’s why Quorum was created.
Quorum è stato creato
per questo
>> Andreas Stefik: My name is Andreas Stefik.
mi chiamo Andreas Stefik
I'm an assistant professor
of computer science
sono assistente professore
at the University of Nevada
at Las Vegas.
all'università del Nevada a Las Vegas
I invented the Quorum
programming language at first
Ho inventato prima io Quorum
then my wife and I
poi mia moglie ed io
actually created several
versions of it together.
abbiamo dato vita a
varie versioni
It was originally designed
to try to help
è stato progettato
per aiutare
blind or visually impaired students
learn to program more easily.
studenti ciechi e
sordociechi ad imparare
facilmente
The reason is because at the time
a lot of computer science
il motivo: in questo periodo
la tecnologia
was moving toward
very visual content
sta innovando molti
contenuti visivi
and that in general
makes a lot of sense,
ed in genere
ha molto senso
however, not if you're blind.
a meno che
non si è ciechi
>> Richard Ladner: I'm Richard Ladner,
sono Richard Ladner
professor in Computer Science and Engineering
at the University of Washington.
professore di Informatica ed
Ingegneria
all'università di Washington
>> Richard to student: So you really need
similar code
Richard> studente
hai bisogno di un codice diverso
to what you have there already.
da quello che conosci già
>> Richard: Children who are blind,
who can't see,
can actually program in Quorum
and make things that talk
or have sound or have music
so they're not always so visual.
If you look at almost all the tools
that are out there for children,
they're all super visual
and this one is visual and auditory
so that makes it much better
for everybody.
>> Lauren Milne: I'm Lauren Milne
and I'm a graduate student
at the University of Washington
in computer science.
I work with Richard Ladner
and I do a lot of research
in programming languages,
specifically for blind students.
It has full support for screen readers
and Braille displays
and it has a lot of features.
it's very easy to incorporate
audio in programs
and a lot of things you can
play around with in audio
so it means you can
make really accessible,
you can quickly and easily
make accessible games
or whatever you'd like
using Quorum.
>>Narrator: Quorum’s features
are universally designed,
making it an easier language
to learn in general.
>>Andreas: One of the reasons
why Quorum is easier
in some cases for people
to learn and grasp
is because the language is simpler
which impacts people
with learning disabilities.
For example, if I was to
tell the computer
to do something
over and over again
in a language like Java
I would say
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Which "obviously" means that
we should do something 10 times.
In Quorum, I say
repeat 10 times.
>>Richard: I find personally
reading Quorum programs
a lot easier than reading
C programs or Java programs.
That I can understand them more easily
and so I feel like there are some
major advantages from the get-go.
Just that simple elegance.
Most languages after every single line
you have to put a semicolon.
Why you have to put a semicolon,
it seems to be just tradition.
It doesn't need to be there
and Quorum has no semicolons.
>> Lauren: I hypothesize
it could be really good
for certain students with
learning disabilities
that Quorum doesn't use braces;
it uses sort of indentations
and it uses the word, keywords instead
to indicate the end of loops.
>> Andreas to students: I want you
to type the word "model"
and then I want you to
type the word "box."
Now there’s a red underline here
because we haven’t added...
>> Narrator: Over the years,
Quorum has gained popularity.
>> Dominic: I'm Dominic and
I'm really into computers
and really enjoy using Quorum
and have used other computer
programs before like C++ and Java.
One of the things that stands out
to me in Quorum is the punctuation
and it's really easy because
you don't have to add in
all the semicolons and all the annoying
hash tags and "@" symbols and everything.
You just use words basically
which is way easier
than using all those
confusing symbols
and I think that makes it easier
for me to program in Quorum
than other languages.
>> Alyssa: Hi, I'm Alyssa.
What makes Quorum easier
is the way they wrote,
the way they program
for us to write the code.
So we don't have
to add semicolons
and brackets and parentheses
and all the stuff.
They made it easier.
You can just type in a word,
"output" let’s say, for example,
and then you could
write in quotes
whatever you want
the computer to say
and that's what makes it
a lot more unique than
other programming languages
like Java.
>> Mary: I’m Mary.
You can do a lot more things
in Quorum with less lines of code
than in some other things
I've used before.
>> Narrator: Quorum is evidence-based,
using the results of
scientific experiments
to determine how to make
the language easier to use.
>> Andreas: Quorum provides
two primary benefits.
One is everything is free
and then number two:
at the end of the day
all of the materials that we use
and that we give to people
are vetted both by
teachers and students
and are vetted in experiments
through the scientific method.
>> Narrator: The result
is a programming language
that is creating a more inviting
environment for computing students.
>> Lauren: A lot of people -
I've seen in intro classes that I've taught.
They come in, you know, and they
get really intimidated at first
when they start programming
and there's all sorts of bugs
and it can be very frustrating.
People drop out and very often
the only people who stick around
are people who have come in,
who come into the college course
with previous programming experience.
Anything that lowers that initial entry
is going to bring a lot more people,
a lot more diversity, because of that.