[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.08,0:00:10.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[TYPING] [MUSIC] Welcome
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.40,0:00:12.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back to another Jocs Productions video.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.52,0:00:13.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, we're gonna be taking
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.52,0:00:14.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a look at World War I.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.20,0:00:16.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're gonna try to help you score
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.44,0:00:18.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a five on that APUSH exam in May.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.56,0:00:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you're reading any APUSH textbook,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.68,0:00:22.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you're studying World War I,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.44,0:00:24.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this video is gonna help you out.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.96,0:00:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one important point to keep in mind is
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.04,0:00:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remember, U.S. entry
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.20,0:00:31.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into World War I was a slow process.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.76,0:00:32.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the beginning of the war,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.92,0:00:34.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are neutral,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.52,0:00:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but continued violations of U.S.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.51,0:00:38.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,neutrality is gonna put Woodrow Wilson
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.16,0:00:40.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a difficult position.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.28,0:00:42.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember, we had learned about events such
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.08,0:00:43.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the sinking of the British ship the
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.52,0:00:46.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lusitania, the French ship the Sussex.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.68,0:00:48.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Germany does apologize for the sinking
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.84,0:00:49.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of some of those ships,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.08,0:00:51.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there is a temporary pause
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.28,0:00:54.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in German sinking of ships.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.32,0:00:55.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After the Sussex,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.24,0:00:56.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they issued the Sussex Pledge,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.72,0:00:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they promised not to sink
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.24,0:01:00.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,any more ships without warning.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.28,0:01:04.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, Germany proceeds to commit other
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.24,0:01:06.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,acts which angers many people in America.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.16,0:01:08.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is the Zimmermann Note you should
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.84,0:01:11.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know about, where the British intercept
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.36,0:01:13.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a German proposal to Mexico
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.20,0:01:16.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,calling for a joint alliance.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.19,0:01:18.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And basically, in the Zimmermann Note,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.60,0:01:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Germany's asking Mexico
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.20,0:01:22.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to attack the United States,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.88,0:01:24.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to form an alliance,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.48,0:01:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they would be allowed to recover
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.16,0:01:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the lost territory,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.52,0:01:30.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that territory in the light green.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.80,0:01:32.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This obviously causes a lot
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.27,0:01:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of anger in the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.64,0:01:38.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in spring of 1917, Germany returns
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.16,0:01:40.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to unrestricted submarine warfare.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.44,0:01:42.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They just start sinking ships.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.32,0:01:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they knew that this would cause
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.03,0:01:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the U.S. to enter into World War I,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.20,0:01:47.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they were hoping they would win
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.48,0:01:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the war before U.S. troops
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.92,0:01:49.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could get to Europe.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.12,0:01:51.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, enough was enough,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.36,0:01:53.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in April of 1917, Congress
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.72,0:01:55.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,declares war against Germany.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.04,0:01:58.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The United States enters World War I.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.80,0:02:00.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, when Wilson asks Congress
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.84,0:02:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to declare war,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.24,0:02:04.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he says one of the things that he was
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.24,0:02:05.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hoping for was to make
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.68,0:02:07.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the world safe for democracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.56,0:02:08.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wilson really believed that this
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.96,0:02:11.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be the war to end all wars.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.92,0:02:13.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But make sure you know that the key
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.32,0:02:14.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,factors for our involvement
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.60,0:02:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in World War I, one,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.04,0:02:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,German attacks on American shipping;
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.80,0:02:19.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two, the Zimmermann telegram
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.92,0:02:21.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,proposing an alliance with Mexico.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.04,0:02:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But don't forget that Wilson has a desire
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.80,0:02:27.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be involved in the post-war settlement.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.96,0:02:29.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, when the war starts, the United States
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.64,0:02:31.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is completely unprepared for war.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.68,0:02:33.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have a lack of fighting men,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.20,0:02:34.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,factories are not prepared for war
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.88,0:02:36.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,production, and the country
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.52,0:02:38.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has to mobilize for war.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.20,0:02:41.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, one of the first things they do
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.15,0:02:43.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is they pass the Selective Service Act,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.40,0:02:44.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which basically starts
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.16,0:02:46.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conscription or a draft.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.88,0:02:48.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It organizes a draft
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.48,0:02:50.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for soldiers to fight in the war.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.24,0:02:51.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All men between a certain
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.32,0:02:52.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,age have to register.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.08,0:02:54.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the big fighting force under
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.24,0:02:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,General Pershing
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.88,0:02:57.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be known as
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.60,0:02:59.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the American Expeditionary Force,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.96,0:03:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they will do a lot of the heavy
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.64,0:03:02.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fighting over in Europe
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.12,0:03:04.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,near the end of the war.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.72,0:03:06.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a total war effort,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.47,0:03:08.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which basically means all aspects of
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.72,0:03:11.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the country mobilize for the war effort.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.24,0:03:12.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, not just on the battlefield,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.72,0:03:14.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also on the home front.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.84,0:03:16.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, one of the big things that they
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.48,0:03:18.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,needed to do was pay for the war.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.23,0:03:20.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the war will be financed by war bonds,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.92,0:03:23.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes referred to as liberty loans,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.44,0:03:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and income taxes, which were allowed to be
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.20,0:03:28.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taken by the government as
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.76,0:03:30.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a result of the 16th Amendment.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.36,0:03:33.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An important point you definitely need
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.20,0:03:34.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep in mind is that all these
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.88,0:03:37.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different agencies where the federal
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.56,0:03:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,government and business working together
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.40,0:03:42.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be created during World War I.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.84,0:03:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a huge mobilization.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.72,0:03:45.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, for example,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.44,0:03:47.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have the National War Labor Board,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.60,0:03:49.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was intended to help mediate
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.96,0:03:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,labor disputes and prevent strikes,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.20,0:03:53.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so the federal government working
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.76,0:03:55.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with organized labor and business
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.72,0:03:57.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to try to keep the war production going.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.08,0:03:58.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unions had different
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.76,0:04:00.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,opinions about World War I.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.40,0:04:02.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The American Federation of Labor supported
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.92,0:04:06.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the war effort, whereas the IWW oftentimes
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.24,0:04:07.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,opposed the war and called
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.76,0:04:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for strikes during war production.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.52,0:04:13.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another government agency working with
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.24,0:04:15.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,business was the War Industries Board.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.76,0:04:17.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They would set production priorities
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.64,0:04:18.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the war,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.20,0:04:20.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so allocating scarce resources,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.56,0:04:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,centralizing control over raw materials
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.12,0:04:24.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and prices so that the war could
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.87,0:04:27.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be won with efficient production.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.56,0:04:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another one you should know about is
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.79,0:04:30.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the U.S. Food Administration headed
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.92,0:04:33.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a future president, Herbert Hoover,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.84,0:04:36.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which encouraged Americans to conserve
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.52,0:04:38.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,food for the war effort so that there
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.44,0:04:39.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be enough meat, sugar,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.72,0:04:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other supplies for soldiers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.56,0:04:43.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over on the battlefield.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.44,0:04:45.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And an interesting thing happens as
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.44,0:04:46.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a result of this war effort,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.16,0:04:49.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is World War I boosted support
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.88,0:04:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for temperance, or rather prohibition.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.44,0:04:54.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, support for the 18th Amendment
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.88,0:04:56.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increases, and the 18th Amendment
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.72,0:04:59.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prohibited the sale, consumption,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.24,0:05:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,manufacture, or transport of alcohol.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.88,0:05:03.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there's a couple of different
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.96,0:05:05.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reasons why the war will do this.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.20,0:05:08.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One, you wanna conserve resources, which
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.24,0:05:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need food resources for the war effort.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.16,0:05:13.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But also there's a lot of anti-German
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.56,0:05:15.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sentiment in the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.28,0:05:17.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you don't know much about beer,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.16,0:05:20.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beer is very much a German tradition.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.40,0:05:22.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another aspect of the war that's important
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.04,0:05:24.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to know about is the effort to silence
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.28,0:05:26.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dissent, or to stop people
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.32,0:05:28.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from opposing the war.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.52,0:05:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there were organizations
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.24,0:05:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,run by the federal government, such as
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.00,0:05:35.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Committee of Public Information.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.24,0:05:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This one was headed by George Creel,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.24,0:05:39.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very important guy, who promoted
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.48,0:05:41.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the US war effort with propaganda.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.24,0:05:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And their job was to create films
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.03,0:05:46.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and posters and speeches to get people
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.48,0:05:49.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to buy liberty loans and war bonds
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.84,0:05:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to get people to support World War I.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.16,0:05:54.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For those people that tried to oppose it,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.04,0:05:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different laws were put in place.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.32,0:05:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Espionage Act is one.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.92,0:06:01.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1917, it prohibited interference
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.04,0:06:03.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the draft or the war effort.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.00,0:06:05.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You could actually be put in jail.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.16,0:06:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Sedition Act was passed in 1918.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.40,0:06:09.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is much more broad
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.80,0:06:11.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the Espionage Act.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.20,0:06:12.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It banned anybody from
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.56,0:06:13.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,criticizing the government.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.16,0:06:16.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you could not speak ill of Congress,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.16,0:06:17.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the president, the military,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.68,0:06:18.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the American flag.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.12,0:06:21.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And nearly around 2,000
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.20,0:06:22.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people are arrested,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.68,0:06:23.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many put in jail,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.83,0:06:26.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as Eugene Debs for violating
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.32,0:06:28.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Espionage and Sedition Acts.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.24,0:06:31.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, one of the things that happens as
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.08,0:06:33.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a result of the war is a huge
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.24,0:06:35.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increase in anti-German sentiment.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.92,0:06:37.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, nativists, anti-immigrant
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.80,0:06:40.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,individuals attack all things German.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.60,0:06:43.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're referred to as the Huns in popular
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.56,0:06:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,posters like the one you see right there.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.80,0:06:46.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I know what you're wondering,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.92,0:06:48.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what about the First Amendment?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.64,0:06:50.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Supreme Court of the United States
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.32,0:06:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did hear a case, one of the first cases,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.64,0:06:55.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first case about the First Amendment,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.24,0:06:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Schenck versus the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.60,0:07:00.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what happens is, there's a guy
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.12,0:07:01.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,named Charles Schenck who was arrested.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.00,0:07:02.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's a socialist.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.20,0:07:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's arrested under the Espionage Act
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.68,0:07:07.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for mailing leaflets, pamphlets,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.24,0:07:09.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to men eligible for the draft.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.84,0:07:11.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he basically is telling them,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.11,0:07:13.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Don't go and fight in this war."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.68,0:07:16.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's arrested under the Espionage Act,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.32,0:07:18.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he sues the government on the grounds
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.44,0:07:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they are violating
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.60,0:07:21.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his First Amendment rights.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.44,0:07:22.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what happens,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.16,0:07:23.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in an unanimous decision,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.56,0:07:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Supreme Court supports the argument
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.80,0:07:26.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that freedom of speech
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.16,0:07:28.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could be restricted.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.48,0:07:30.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they basically say Congress has
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.96,0:07:33.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the power to restrain speech,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.36,0:07:35.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to ban speech, if it posed
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.32,0:07:37.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a clear and present danger.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.11,0:07:40.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they use this example that you're not
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.04,0:07:42.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allowed to go into a crowded theater
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.24,0:07:43.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yell fire and claim
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.00,0:07:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First Amendment rights.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.60,0:07:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they say freedom
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.04,0:07:49.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of speech can be restricted.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.44,0:07:50.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's really important that you
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.76,0:07:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,understand there was a very restrictive
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.24,0:07:55.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,atmosphere for civil liberties
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.92,0:07:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in America during World War I.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.48,0:08:00.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is not the first time we've seen
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.76,0:08:03.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this delicate balance between security,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.56,0:08:06.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being safe, and liberty,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.60,0:08:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our freedoms in a time of crisis.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.68,0:08:10.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, World War I, we see things like
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.32,0:08:12.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Espionage Act, the Sedition Act.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.32,0:08:14.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And recall during the French Revolution,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.60,0:08:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Federalists passed the Alien
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.12,0:08:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Sedition Acts, basically taking away
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.72,0:08:19.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rights from people at a
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.00,0:08:21.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,time of alleged crisis.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.88,0:08:23.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And once again, during the Civil War,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.88,0:08:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you see Lincoln using his suspension
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.76,0:08:28.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the writ of Habeas Corpus to try
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.88,0:08:30.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep the border states in the union.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.00,0:08:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we're gonna see this again and again.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.00,0:08:35.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,World War I is not the first time.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.56,0:08:36.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,World War I is going to have
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.72,0:08:38.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a huge impact on the home front.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.96,0:08:40.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A lot of different groups are
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.35,0:08:42.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gonna be impacted by the war.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.72,0:08:44.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in fact, African-Americans were
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.76,0:08:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,already, before the war even started,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.24,0:08:49.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kind of roughly in 1910,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.56,0:08:52.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,large migration of African-Americans
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.12,0:08:54.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to Northern cities like Chicago.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.56,0:08:56.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is called the Great Migration,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.64,0:08:57.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can see that in this
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.84,0:08:58.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,painting right here.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.96,0:09:00.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a lot of reasons why
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.04,0:09:01.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,African-Americans are moving north.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.04,0:09:04.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One, crappy racial relations,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.28,0:09:06.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jim Crow laws in the South,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.48,0:09:07.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so you wanna get out.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.00,0:09:10.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what changes during World War I is
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.52,0:09:13.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the opening of new economic opportunities,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.12,0:09:16.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jobs in Northern factories as white
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.72,0:09:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,men were drafted and sent off to war.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.96,0:09:21.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During this time, you also see an increase
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.76,0:09:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Mexican immigration into the US to work
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.40,0:09:25.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in agriculture,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.72,0:09:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,primarily in the Southwest,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.56,0:09:29.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to take over jobs that were
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.40,0:09:30.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,needed during the war effort.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.64,0:09:32.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nearly 400,000 African-Americans
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.56,0:09:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,served in the US Armed Forces.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.35,0:09:36.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They do unfortunately serve in segregated
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.92,0:09:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,units, but civil rights leaders like
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.12,0:09:41.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,W.E.B. Du Bois felt that if
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.16,0:09:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,African-Americans fought
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.28,0:09:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the United States during the war,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.16,0:09:46.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that this would lead to greater
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.24,0:09:47.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,equality when they return.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.20,0:09:50.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This, unfortunately, was not a reality
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.40,0:09:53.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as race riots break out in 1919.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.00,0:09:55.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a lot of racial tension as
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.60,0:09:57.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a result of these demographic changes,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.88,0:09:59.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as the Great Migration,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.28,0:10:00.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you have race riots break
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.40,0:10:02.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out in cities, such as Chicago.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.40,0:10:04.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Women will play a key role in the war as
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.76,0:10:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well and will experience their
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.16,0:10:08.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,own set of social changes.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.44,0:10:09.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Women are gonna take over jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.76,0:10:11.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in factories as men leave.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.96,0:10:13.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jobs that were normally not open to women
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.00,0:10:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suddenly become available
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.00,0:10:17.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the country needs them.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.80,0:10:20.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, because of the sacrifices
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.20,0:10:22.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of women on the home front during
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.36,0:10:23.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,World War I,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.44,0:10:26.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will see finally the two-thirds needed
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.16,0:10:29.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,majority in Congress finally supporting
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.64,0:10:31.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the 19th Amendment, which grants
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.04,0:10:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,women suffrage, the right to vote.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.20,0:10:35.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And great image right there of women
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.76,0:10:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protesting in front of the White House
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.96,0:10:39.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,demanding for the basic
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.80,0:10:41.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rights, such as voting.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.64,0:10:43.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the war is winding down,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.16,0:10:45.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wilson has a vision for the post-war
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.56,0:10:46.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,world, which is known
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.52,0:10:48.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the 14 Points.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.28,0:10:50.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is his proposal, and in it,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.36,0:10:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he really wants to prevent
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.28,0:10:54.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,another world war from happening.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.76,0:10:56.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He wants to address the causes
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.48,0:10:58.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the First World War and try to make
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.52,0:11:00.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sure that those things never take place.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.68,0:11:03.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are 14 points in this document,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.16,0:11:04.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we're only gonna break down
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.28,0:11:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of the important ones.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.44,0:11:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, how's Wilson thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.80,0:11:07.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he's gonna accomplish this?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.00,0:11:09.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, he's gonna address some of those
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.76,0:11:11.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,causes of the First World War.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.43,0:11:13.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He wants to guarantee freedom of the seas,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.12,0:11:16.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eliminate economic trade barriers,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.40,0:11:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,military reductions,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.71,0:11:19.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no huge arms races taking place.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.04,0:11:22.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He wants to get rid of colonies, in fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.56,0:11:24.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allow self-determination for nations
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.00,0:11:26.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have self-government,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.20,0:11:27.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no more colonization.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.00,0:11:29.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He wants no more secret treaties.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.04,0:11:31.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the big thing he really wants
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.32,0:11:34.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is he calls for the formation of a league
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.00,0:11:38.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of nations to help prevent another war.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.53,0:11:40.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The problem for Wilson is he does not get
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.00,0:11:42.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to dictate the terms
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.56,0:11:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the post-war settlement.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.24,0:11:46.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He has to work with the Big Four.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.64,0:11:47.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It includes Wilson over
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.84,0:11:48.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there on the right.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.56,0:11:49.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have England,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.76,0:11:51.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Italy, and France.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.68,0:11:53.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these allies are not really
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.23,0:11:56.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,idealistic as Wilson was.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.56,0:11:58.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here he is in the political cartoon kind
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.55,0:12:00.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of asking for everlasting peace,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.00,0:12:02.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but for nations such as France
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.99,0:12:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and England, they want to punish Germany,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.72,0:12:08.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gain territory, and use the war as
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.52,0:12:11.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an opportunity to benefit their country.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.44,0:12:13.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, while Wilson wants peace without
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.36,0:12:15.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,victory, the other allies are not really
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.04,0:12:18.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interested in his idealistic ideas.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.32,0:12:21.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, the Treaty of Versailles very much
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.56,0:12:23.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reflects this rejection
Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.96,0:12:27.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of much of Wilson's 14 points.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.40,0:12:29.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're rejected by the other allied
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.24,0:12:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,powers, and you can see in the political
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.16,0:12:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cartoon kind of some
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.04,0:12:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the things that they want.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.96,0:12:35.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wilson does get the League
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.60,0:12:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Nations included.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.24,0:12:39.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He really kind of is hopeful that this
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.44,0:12:42.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be a worldwide organization that will
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.24,0:12:43.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prevent future wars,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.64,0:12:45.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he has to get it approved
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.16,0:12:49.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the Republican-controlled Congress.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.32,0:12:51.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And many Republicans in Congress hated
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.52,0:12:53.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the idea of the U.S. joining
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.96,0:12:54.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the League of Nations.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.84,0:12:56.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one of the big opponents
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.56,0:12:59.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the treaty was Henry Cabot Lodge.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.60,0:13:01.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he belonged to a group called
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.76,0:13:04.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the reservationists, and he believed
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.24,0:13:05.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he would accept the League
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.40,0:13:07.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Nations, he would accept the treaty
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.52,0:13:10.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if certain changes were made.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.64,0:13:13.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Wilson was reluctant to compromise.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.40,0:13:15.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was another group of Republicans
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.16,0:13:17.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,known as the irreconcilables, and they were
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.52,0:13:18.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against the treaty no matter
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.88,0:13:21.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what Wilson was willing to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.53,0:13:24.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there's substantial debate over
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.40,0:13:26.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the League of Nations between
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.40,0:13:27.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wilson and the Senate.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.96,0:13:29.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it comes down to a couple of things.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.96,0:13:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One, there's a tradition
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.24,0:13:32.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of isolationist policies.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.87,0:13:35.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We try to avoid European affairs.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.48,0:13:37.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you recall, George Washington had
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.56,0:13:38.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,warned about the dangers
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.00,0:13:40.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of permanent foreign alliances.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.00,0:13:42.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another problem with the League of Nations
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.92,0:13:44.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,amongst Republicans was
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.07,0:13:46.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the opposition over Article 10.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.52,0:13:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And under Article 10,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.67,0:13:49.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it said that member nations of the League
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.76,0:13:51.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Nations would have to help other
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.88,0:13:54.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nations out in the event
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.24,0:13:55.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of external aggression.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.04,0:13:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there was a fear,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.80,0:13:58.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you can see in the political cartoon,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.80,0:14:01.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the league would force the U.S.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.48,0:14:03.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to deal with foreign issues around Europe,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:03.52,0:14:04.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we'd get dragged
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.00,0:14:06.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into Europeans' mess.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.32,0:14:09.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there also was the fear that Europe
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.56,0:14:11.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would meddle in the Western hemisphere,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:11.72,0:14:13.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which under the Monroe Doctrine,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.28,0:14:15.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we did not want them to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.40,0:14:18.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another kind of factor amongst Republicans
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.44,0:14:21.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and others was the desire amongst many
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.16,0:14:23.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be isolationists following World War I.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.12,0:14:25.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We fought this brutal,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.64,0:14:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,horrible war, and there was a feeling
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.39,0:14:29.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we just kind of wanted to focus on us.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.92,0:14:30.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And ultimately,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.08,0:14:32.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Congress rejects the treaty.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.76,0:14:34.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The League of Nations is formed
Dialogue: 0,0:14:34.40,0:14:36.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and without the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.20,0:14:38.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A super important point to keep in mind—
Dialogue: 0,0:14:38.92,0:14:40.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's an old World War I tank—
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.88,0:14:42.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many marked the U.S. rejection
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.04,0:14:45.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the League of Nations as a withdrawal
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.44,0:14:47.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the U.S. from international
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.28,0:14:48.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,affairs in the 1920s.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.16,0:14:51.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as we're gonna see in the next video,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.04,0:14:52.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is a little bit more
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.20,0:14:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,complicated than that.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.77,0:14:55.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But until next time, thank you for
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.40,0:14:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,watching another Jocs Productions video.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.60,0:14:59.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you haven't done so, subscribe.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.40,0:15:00.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Help me spread the word all over
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.68,0:15:02.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the internets and tell your classmates.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.60,0:15:04.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the video helped you out, click like,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.04,0:15:05.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if you have any questions,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.20,0:15:05.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,post a comment.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.20,0:15:08.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And until next time, peace.