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Hi guys,

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the objective of this video is to look at

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the bedding structures that form[br]when sediment is deposited.

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These bedding structures all form [br]in different environments.

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These environments which create the bedding [br]structures will be discussed.

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Firstly,[br]we will talk about the horizontal beds,

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or strata,[br]that the sediment is laid down in.

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Sedimentary rock is stratafied,[br]which means that it has layers.

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These layers have formed because sediment [br]is laid down in horizontal layers called strata.

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Between each layer of strata,[br]we have bedding planes.

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And these bedding planes form because [br]the region has experienced

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a change in depositional [br]environment or material.

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We can see here in this photo that we have [br]had one type of sediment laid down.

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And then,[br]a change in depositional environment

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has caused a different type of sediment[br]to be laid down on top,

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in between which is a bedding plane.

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We know that the strata towards[br]the bottom of a series is older

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than the strata at the top.

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And this happens because the sediment [br]is laid in this way.

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Bedforms are formations that occur due to [br]the movement of wind and water.

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Bedforms are created when water or wind,[br]flows over loose sediment.

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And the shape and the texture of the bedform,[br]depends on the velocity of the flowing wind or water,

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and the size of the sediment.

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One type of bedform is ripples.

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Ripples occur to due the flow of water.

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Asymetrical ripples occur when water's [br]just flowing in one direction.

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As we can see here.

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Symetrical ripples will occur [br]when the waves oscillate back and forth.

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As we can see here.

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These bedforms can be preserved in[br]the sedimentary rock,

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because new sediment can be deposited on top.

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And the formation will remain the same[br]and will be lithified in this shape.

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Another type of bedform are dunes.

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Dunes form with the same formation process [br]as the asymetrical ripples when they form

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due to water.

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However,[br]dunes form due to the action of wind.

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Cross Bedding is another type of [br]bedform.

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Cross bedding forms in the process of [br]making ripples or dunes.

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Whether that be with water or wind.

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Cross bedding forms because we have[br]a pile up of sediment along the top

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of the slip face.

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This pile up is being pushed [br]towards the edge of the slip face

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and soon will slip down the face.

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This slip face will then slowly move[br]downstream as more and more

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sediment comes along.

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Any additional sediment will continue[br]to form cross bedded layers

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in the environment where ripples and [br]dunes are being formed.

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Another type of bed form are[br]graded beds.

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Graded beds form when the[br]strata of the sediment becomes

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more fine towards the top of the strata.

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This graded pattern is often repeated[br]in a formation.

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As we can see here.

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Graded beds form due to a sudden period[br]of high energy movement of the sediment.