WEBVTT

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Для тих із вас, хто лише починає

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вивчати історію Китаю

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у першій половині 20-го століття,

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вона може бути трохи заплутаною.

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Тож насправді мета цього відео -

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дати вам загальне уявлення -

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дати вам підґрунтя історії

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Китаю першої половини 20-го століття.

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Отже, повертаючись у ранні 1900-ті роки,

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маємо кінець імперського
династичного правління у Китаї.

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Це - велика справа.

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Китаєм правили різноманітні династії

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впродовж багатьох тисяч років.

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Але якщо поглянути на 1900-ті роки,

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династичне правління -
зокрема, Династія Цін -

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ставало все слабшим і слабшим.

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Воно страждало від рук японців

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впродовж першої Японсько-цінської війни,

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наприкінці 1800-х.

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Зростало невдоволення серед опозиції

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через те, що династія, імператори,

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недостатньо модернізують Китай.

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Пам'ятайте, це були ранні 1900-ті роки.

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Решта світу ставала

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дуже, дуже сучасною.

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Китай, у 1800-х роках, страждав від рук

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західних держав, які по суті справляли

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свій власний імперський вплив на Китай.

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Багато людей відчувало: це тому, що

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Китай не був настільки модернізованим -

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економічно, політично і технологічно -

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наскільки потребував бути.

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І так, перейдімо до 1911-го року.

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Тоді розпочалося Учанське повстання,

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яке призвело до повалення
правлячої Династії Цін.

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До 1912-го року, у Нанкіні була
створена Китайська республіка.

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Тож це було у Нанкіні,
що знаходиться ось тут.

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династичної влади в Китаї

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