[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.12,0:00:00.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hi, everyone, and welcome
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.76,0:00:01.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back to Heimler's History.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.64,0:00:03.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now as America comes out
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.16,0:00:04.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Gilded Age,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.28,0:00:07.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are filthy rich and itching to flex our
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.36,0:00:09.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,collective strength on the world stage.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.88,0:00:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when we looked around at the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.56,0:00:13.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it turns out that European countries had
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.76,0:00:16.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,been flexing their muscles for decades
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.28,0:00:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in something called "Imperialism."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.56,0:00:20.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, not to be outdone,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.24,0:00:22.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America looked around and decided
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.28,0:00:24.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to gather up some lands
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.08,0:00:26.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for an overseas empire of her own.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.60,0:00:27.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, when I think of America's age
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.92,0:00:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of imperialism, the best
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.08,0:00:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,metaphor to my mind is hunger.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.36,0:00:33.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Daddy's hungry."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.41,0:00:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in this lecture,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.20,0:00:36.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're going to see what Daddy America was
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.28,0:00:38.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hungry for, why Daddy America got so
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.68,0:00:40.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hungry in the first place, and what it was
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.88,0:00:43.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Daddy found to stuff down his gullet.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.84,0:00:44.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's get to it.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.68,0:00:46.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(It's time to kick it old school).
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.87,0:00:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[MUSIC]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.04,0:01:04.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what was Daddy hungry for? Well, first, Daddy was hungry for new markets.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.76,0:01:09.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see, America had found a way to grow more food and produce more manufactured crap than the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.52,0:01:14.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,American public could possibly consume. And so, what do you do in that case?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.94,0:01:21.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, you look for foreign markets, and so we trained our eyes on Latin America, Asia, and the Caribbean.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.29,0:01:22.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But Daddy was also
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.56,0:01:24.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hungry for raw materials.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.32,0:01:25.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see, despite the abundance
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.72,0:01:27.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of resources packed under the crust
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.64,0:01:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the American continent,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.20,0:01:30.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we did not have it all,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.52,0:01:32.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so if we were going to keep feeding
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.72,0:01:35.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those factories, we needed to find other
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.12,0:01:36.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lands that had raw
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.20,0:01:37.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,materials that we did not.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.84,0:01:40.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, that was what Daddy was hungry for.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.20,0:01:42.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, why was it that Daddy was hungry?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.68,0:01:43.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, two reasons.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.84,0:01:45.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, there was the lingering
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.28,0:01:47.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,idea of Social Darwinism.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.36,0:01:49.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll recall that guys like John D.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.08,0:01:50.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rockefeller applied the principles
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.80,0:01:53.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of survival of the fittest to his business
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.08,0:01:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,practices, but now he decided to apply
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.92,0:01:56.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those principles at the level
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.20,0:01:57.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of nations as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.72,0:01:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America had proved herself to be one
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.68,0:02:01.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the strongest and fittest in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.80,0:02:04.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and therefore was justified in finding
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.12,0:02:05.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the weak and consuming them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.88,0:02:07.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Daddy's hungry."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.08,0:02:08.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the second reason Daddy was hungry was
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.68,0:02:10.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because of that old idea
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.24,0:02:12.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of manifest destiny.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.42,0:02:14.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was the old idea that God had given
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.68,0:02:17.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,us the right to possess the entirety
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.36,0:02:19.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the continent from sea to shining sea,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.97,0:02:21.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at this point, we had done it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.00,0:02:23.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All the land, which we can now consider
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.92,0:02:25.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the lower 48 states,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.20,0:02:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were in our possession.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.08,0:02:29.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The great expanse of America stretched
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.08,0:02:30.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the Atlantic
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.08,0:02:31.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the Pacific seaboards.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.68,0:02:32.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And listen, a hunger like
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.84,0:02:35.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that doesn't just die off overnight.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.28,0:02:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, I love gummy bears,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.08,0:02:38.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and just because I eat a four-pound bag
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.88,0:02:40.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of gummy bears today doesn't mean I'm
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.76,0:02:41.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gonna be satisfied
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.80,0:02:42.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the rest of my life.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.88,0:02:44.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next morning, I'm gonna wake up thinking,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.44,0:02:45.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I could do that all over again."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.04,0:02:47.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, even though the Civil War distracted
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.04,0:02:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,us for a little while,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.08,0:02:51.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now that everything was put back together
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.08,0:02:52.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,again, Daddy was hungry for more.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.96,0:02:54.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And since we had nowhere else to go on
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.72,0:02:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this continent, we had to look elsewhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.84,0:02:57.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, not surprisingly,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.92,0:03:00.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this impulse got us into some skirmishes,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.68,0:03:01.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most notably
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.40,0:03:03.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Spanish-American War of 1898.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.02,0:03:05.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now in order to tell this story,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.52,0:03:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to begin in Cuba.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.16,0:03:07.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now Cuba had been part
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.00,0:03:09.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Spanish Empire since the late
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.40,0:03:11.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1400s, and the Cubans had had just
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.96,0:03:14.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about enough of foreign imperial rule.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.08,0:03:17.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, the Cubans roused themselves
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.08,0:03:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into a revolt against their Spanish lords.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.78,0:03:22.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, if you'll recall, way back in the day,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.12,0:03:23.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America embraced something
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.68,0:03:25.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called the Monroe Doctrine.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.16,0:03:26.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I compared the Monroe Doctrine
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.88,0:03:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a dog lifting its leg and peeing all
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.36,0:03:30.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the Western Hemisphere,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.76,0:03:31.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and here's why.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.88,0:03:33.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the Monroe Doctrine said
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.56,0:03:35.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that everything in the Western Hemisphere
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.60,0:03:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,essentially belongs to America,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.08,0:03:39.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and therefore we don't want any
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.48,0:03:41.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,European intervention over here.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.60,0:03:42.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, as it turns out,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.60,0:03:43.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cuba happens to be
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.96,0:03:45.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Western Hemisphere,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.12,0:03:47.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and therefore could not avoid the sprinkle
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.52,0:03:49.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the American urinary
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.08,0:03:50.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,habit of imperialism.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.56,0:03:53.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, America took up the Cuban cause.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.69,0:03:55.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now why would America want to do this?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.60,0:03:57.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, at least one reason was something
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.68,0:03:59.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that came to be known as "yellow
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.48,0:04:01.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,journalism," and essentially what was going
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.60,0:04:03.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on is that people like Joseph Pulitzer
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.72,0:04:05.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were publishing in their newspapers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.60,0:04:07.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,accounts that were both spurious
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.72,0:04:10.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and outlandish about Spanish atrocities
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.60,0:04:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against the Cubans in order to arouse
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.12,0:04:14.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,public support for the Cuban cause.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.00,0:04:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now in many cases,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.12,0:04:17.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was a kernel of truth to these,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.76,0:04:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they were blown way out of proportion.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.80,0:04:22.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, at this point, the American public was
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.20,0:04:23.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,clamoring for a fight,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.48,0:04:25.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so we sent our newest Navy destroyer
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.88,0:04:27.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,down to Cuba and just parked
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.76,0:04:29.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it right in Havana Harbor.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.56,0:04:30.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing going on here,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.00,0:04:33.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just came down to say, "Hay."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.19,0:04:34.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as you can imagine,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.40,0:04:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this move caused an awful lot of tension
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.08,0:04:39.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between America and Spain,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.24,0:04:42.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but nothing really happened until one day.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.49,0:04:46.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the evening of February 15th, 1898,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.24,0:04:48.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the USS Maine exploded,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.96,0:04:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,killing 260 American sailors.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.08,0:04:53.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, of course, Joseph Pulitzer and his
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.88,0:04:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,army of yellow journalists
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.24,0:04:56.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jumped all over this.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.68,0:04:58.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They pumped out ream after ream
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.40,0:05:00.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of newspapers accusing the Spanish
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.92,0:05:02.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of destroying the Maine.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.32,0:05:03.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now just so you know, in 1976,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.00,0:05:05.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the U.S. Navy did an extensive
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.52,0:05:07.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,investigation into the explosion,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.24,0:05:08.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what they found was
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.12,0:05:09.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the overwhelming amount of evidence
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.72,0:05:11.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suggested an internal explosion,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.00,0:05:13.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is to say it was not
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.56,0:05:15.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in fact caused by the Spanish.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.24,0:05:17.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But investigating the truth didn't
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.08,0:05:19.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much matter to the American public.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.08,0:05:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We wanted Spanish blood.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.68,0:05:22.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now to emphasize just how much Americans
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.60,0:05:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wanted to get into a fight despite any
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.44,0:05:26.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,action that might lead to a diplomatic
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.28,0:05:28.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,solution, you should know that American
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.48,0:05:30.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,diplomats presented Spain with a list
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.04,0:05:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of demands saying, "Do this,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.24,0:05:34.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we will not go to war."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.48,0:05:37.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And apparently, Spain really did not want
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.44,0:05:38.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go to war with America,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.80,0:05:40.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they complied with all
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.68,0:05:41.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the demands,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.40,0:05:43.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including the most stringent of them,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.72,0:05:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to which America said, "Hmm,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.04,0:05:46.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now, we really didn't
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.88,0:05:47.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think you all would do all that.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.96,0:05:49.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You all still want to start a war?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.00,0:05:50.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right, we're gonna go to war."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.72,0:05:51.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Wait, what?"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.76,0:05:52.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.40,0:05:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, President McKinley knew how unwise
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.92,0:05:57.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would be to not start a war because,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.32,0:05:59.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hey, elections were coming up,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.16,0:06:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if he didn't give the people what they
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.36,0:06:03.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wanted, then they wouldn't reelect him.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.44,0:06:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that is how you get
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.72,0:06:06.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Spanish-American War.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.16,0:06:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I'll just cut to the end of what
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.80,0:06:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,McKinley called this splendid little war
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.08,0:06:12.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it only lasted for 114 days,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.72,0:06:14.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'll let you know that America
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.12,0:06:15.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,triumphed on behalf of the Cubans
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.80,0:06:18.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and repulsed Spain from the last scrap
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.08,0:06:20.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their once vast New World empire.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.26,0:06:22.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one of the strange strategies we
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.16,0:06:23.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,employed to win this battle
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.84,0:06:25.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Caribbean was by invading another
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.92,0:06:28.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Spanish possession way over in the
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.32,0:06:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pacific, namely the Philippine Islands.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.31,0:06:32.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the freedom-loving
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.32,0:06:33.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Filipinos were like-
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.36,0:06:34.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Yay, the Americans are
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.88,0:06:36.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here to make us free!"
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.36,0:06:37.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as the war closed,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.68,0:06:39.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we sat across the treaty table from Spain
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.96,0:06:41.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and took the Philippine Islands off
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.72,0:06:43.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their hands for a cool 20 million.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.64,0:06:45.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And once President McKinley saw how
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.92,0:06:48.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,backwards and brown and un-Christian these
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.64,0:06:50.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Filipinos were, actually,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.24,0:06:50.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't tell anybody,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.88,0:06:52.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but their leader was highly educated
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.40,0:06:53.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Filipinos were
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.24,0:06:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,already mostly Christians.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.88,0:06:57.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,McKinley decided to do the right thing
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.20,0:07:00.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and keep the Filipinos under American rule
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.16,0:07:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until they became,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.28,0:07:02.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, more American.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.40,0:07:04.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And since the Philippine Islands were just
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.24,0:07:05.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so dang far away,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.92,0:07:08.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we began to think that we needed a rest
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.36,0:07:10.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stop, you know, some place between our
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.28,0:07:11.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,western coast and Asia
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.28,0:07:13.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we could just chill and eat some
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.88,0:07:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coconut meat, maybe some place like,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.96,0:07:17.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know, Hawaii.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.56,0:07:19.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, in 1898, America went ahead and brought
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.72,0:07:21.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a bunch of diseases to the native
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.36,0:07:23.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hawaiians and killed a bunch of them off
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.08,0:07:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and was like, "So, if you all aren't using
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.40,0:07:26.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these islands anymore, we'll take them."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.16,0:07:27.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's how you get the 50th
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.96,0:07:29.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,state of the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.48,0:07:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now with all this imperialistic activity,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.60,0:07:33.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there arose, not surprisingly,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.48,0:07:35.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a great clamor from a bunch
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.08,0:07:36.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of people saying this is wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.04,0:07:38.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The folks who were saying this were called
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.72,0:07:40.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Anti-Imperialist League,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.64,0:07:42.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they argued that America should not be
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.60,0:07:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taking over nations and ruling other
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.92,0:07:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,peoples because, in case you forgot,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.84,0:07:49.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's a deep conviction in the soul
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.12,0:07:51.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of America that people must be
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.40,0:07:53.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,governed by their own consent.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.20,0:07:54.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A philosopher during that time named
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.60,0:07:56.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,William James put it magnificently.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.68,0:07:58.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He said he couldn't believe that America
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.48,0:08:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could puke up its ancient soul in five
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.40,0:08:03.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,minutes without a wink of squeamishness.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.73,0:08:05.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But on the other side of the argument
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.32,0:08:06.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were the expansionists.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.96,0:08:09.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They raised arguments about patriotism
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.08,0:08:11.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and about how America had a civilizing
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.52,0:08:12.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mission in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.00,0:08:14.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not to mention that the possibilities
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.76,0:08:16.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the expansion of trade
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.20,0:08:18.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were positively fabulous.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.24,0:08:20.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the end, it was the expansionists
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.24,0:08:22.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who won out, and on February 6th, 1899,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.76,0:08:24.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Congress approved the treaty with Spain
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.84,0:08:27.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and America became an empire.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.36,0:08:29.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's all we have time for now.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.32,0:08:30.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll see you next time.