1 00:00:00,846 --> 00:00:03,943 This is not a work of fiction. 2 00:00:03,943 --> 00:00:06,452 There is a place called "Island of Flowers" 3 00:00:22,330 --> 00:00:25,455 We are in Belém Novo, municipality of Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil, 4 00:00:29,682 --> 00:00:34,063 more precisely at 30 degrees, 12 minutes and 30 seconds South, and 52 degrees, 11 minutes and 23 seconds West. 5 00:00:36,773 --> 00:00:41,206 We are currently walking in a tomato plantation, and we can see ahead, standing, a human being, in this case, a japanese man. 6 00:00:44,362 --> 00:00:47,517 The japanese are distinguished from other human beings by the shape of their eyes, their black hair, and by their characteristic names. 7 00:00:47,517 --> 00:00:49,659 The japanese man in question is called 8 00:00:49,659 --> 00:00:51,563 Suzuki. 9 00:00:53,935 --> 00:00:56,400 Human beings are biped mammals, and distinguish themselves from other mammals, like whales, 10 00:00:59,955 --> 00:01:03,817 or bipeds, like chickens, mainly by two characteristics: a highly developed telencephalon, and opposable thumbs. 11 00:01:08,094 --> 00:01:10,166 The highly developed telencephalon allows human beings to store, associate, process and understand pieces of information. 12 00:01:14,131 --> 00:01:17,240 The opposable thumb allows human beings a tweezer-like finger movement, which in turn allows for precise manipulation. 13 00:01:22,412 --> 00:01:23,480 The highly developed telencephalon combined with the tweezer-like finger movement allowed human beings 14 00:01:23,480 --> 00:01:29,206 to make innumerable improvements to their planet, including 15 00:01:29,206 --> 00:01:31,429 growing tomatoes. 16 00:01:31,429 --> 00:01:34,160 Tomatoes, unlike whales, chickens, and japanese people 17 00:01:34,160 --> 00:01:36,006 is a vegetable. 18 00:01:37,352 --> 00:01:41,251 Fruit of the tomato plant, tomatoes started being cultivated in the 1800s for its nutritional qualities. 19 00:01:41,251 --> 00:01:45,160 Around 61 million tons of tomatoes are produces on Earth every year. 20 00:01:48,534 --> 00:01:52,771 Mr Suzuki, despite working almost 12 hours daily, is responsible for a very small fraction of this production. 21 00:01:52,771 --> 00:01:56,924 The main use of tomatoes is the feeding of humans. 22 00:02:00,085 --> 00:02:03,769 Mr. Suzuki is a japanese man, and, therefore, a human being. Despite this, Mr. Suzuki does not grow tomatoes with the intention to eat them. 23 00:02:06,342 --> 00:02:09,545 Almost all tomatoes grown by Mr. Suzuki are delivered to the supermarket in exchange for money. 24 00:02:13,204 --> 00:02:16,986 Money was most likely created as an initiative by Giges, King of Lidia, a great kingdom in Asia Minor, in the 7th centure before Christ. 25 00:02:16,986 --> 00:02:19,912 Christ was a jew. 26 00:02:19,912 --> 00:02:24,405 Jews have a highly developed telencephalon and opposable thumbs. 27 00:02:24,405 --> 00:02:28,089 They are, therefore, human beings. 28 00:02:28,089 --> 00:02:32,163 Until the creation of money, the economy was based on the direct exchange of goods. 29 00:02:32,163 --> 00:02:35,560 The difficulty of calculating the amount of tomatoes equivalent to a chicken 30 00:02:38,538 --> 00:02:41,515 and the difficulty of the direct exchange of chickens for whales where the main motivations for the creation of money. 31 00:02:41,515 --> 00:02:45,680 Starting in the thrid centure BC, any action of object made by human beings 32 00:02:45,680 --> 00:02:50,684 fruit of the collaboration between the highly developed telencephalon and the opposable thumbs, 33 00:02:53,470 --> 00:02:57,800 as well as all living things, above and below ground -- tomatoes, chickens and whales -- can be exchanged for money. 34 00:02:57,800 --> 00:03:02,960 To facilitate the exchange of tomatoes for money, human beings created supermarkets. 35 00:03:02,960 --> 00:03:08,449 Ms. Anete is a Roman Apostolic Catholic biped mammal. 36 00:03:08,449 --> 00:03:13,593 She has a highly developed telencephalon and opposable thumbs. She is, therefore, a human being. 37 00:03:13,593 --> 00:03:19,000 She came to this supermarket in order to exchange her money for tomatoes, amongst other things. 38 00:03:19,000 --> 00:03:23,729 Ms. Anete obtained her money in exchange for the work she performs. 39 00:03:26,602 --> 00:03:29,476 She uses her highly developed telencephalon and opposable thumbs to exchange perfumes for money. 40 00:03:32,068 --> 00:03:36,129 Perfumes are liquids usually extracted from flowers, which make human beings smell more pleasantly than they would naturally. 41 00:03:38,407 --> 00:03:43,996 Ms. Anete does not extract the perfumes. She exchanges them, at a factory, for a determined amount of money. 42 00:03:46,657 --> 00:03:49,840 Once that is done, Ms. Anete walks from house to house, exchanging the perfumes for a slightly larger amount of money. 43 00:03:49,840 --> 00:03:52,490 The difference between these two amount is called 44 00:03:52,490 --> 00:03:54,240 profit. 45 00:03:54,240 --> 00:03:59,917 Profit, which was once forbidden to Catholics, is today allowed for all human beings. 46 00:04:03,017 --> 00:04:08,655 Ms. Anete's profit is small compared to the factory's profit, but it is enough to be exchanged for 1kg of tomatoes and 2 kg of meat -- in this case, the meat of a pig. 47 00:04:08,655 --> 00:04:12,656 Pigs are mammals, like humans and whales, but quadrupeds. 48 00:04:15,999 --> 00:04:18,142 They sever as food for the Japanese, the Catholics, and the remaining human beings -- with exception of the Jews. 49 00:04:22,056 --> 00:04:25,665 The food that Ms. Anete exchanged for money, which she exchanged for perfumes extracted from flowers, will be consumed by her family during a single day. 50 00:04:28,862 --> 00:04:31,258 A day is the time interval that it takes for the Earth to spin all the way around it's own axis. 51 00:04:31,258 --> 00:04:34,440 Mid-day is lunch time. 52 00:04:37,861 --> 00:04:43,220 A family is a community formed by a man and a woman, united in matrimony, and by the children born out of this union. 53 00:04:46,458 --> 00:04:49,188 Some of the tomatoes Mr. Suzuki exchanged with the supermarket for money, and which were in turn exchanged for the money 54 00:04:51,616 --> 00:04:54,844 that Ms. Anete obtained as profit in the exchange of perfumes extracted from flowers were transformed into sauce for the pork. 55 00:04:54,844 --> 00:05:01,960 One of these tomatoes, which according to Ms. Anete was in no condition to become sauce, was thrown in the garbage. 56 00:05:01,960 --> 00:05:09,107 Garbage is all that is produced by human beings, in a collaboration between the highly developed telencephalon and the opposable thumbs 57 00:05:09,107 --> 00:05:13,913 and that, according to the opinion of some human being, is in no condition to become sauce. 58 00:05:13,913 --> 00:05:19,843 In a city like Porto Alegre, inhabited by over a million human beings, produces around 500 tons of garbage daily. 59 00:05:19,843 --> 00:05:24,127 Garbage attracts all kinds of germs and bacteria, which in turn cause disease. 60 00:05:24,127 --> 00:05:27,960 Diseases seriously harm the normal functioning of human beings. 61 00:05:27,960 --> 00:05:32,640 Even when it does cause disease, the apearence and aroma of garbage are extremely unpleasant. 62 00:05:32,640 --> 00:05:41,812 This is why garbage is taken a determined places, very far, where it can freely soil, smell badly and attract disease. 63 00:05:41,812 --> 00:05:46,000 In Porto Alegre, one of the places chosen for garbage to smell badly and attract disease is called 64 00:05:46,000 --> 00:05:51,920 Island of Flowers 65 00:05:51,920 --> 00:05:56,624 An island is a portion of land surrounded by water from all sides. 66 00:05:56,624 --> 00:06:04,147 Water is a odorless, insipid and discoloured substance, formed by two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. 67 00:06:04,147 --> 00:06:08,771 Flowers are the reproductive organs of plants, usually scented and with bright colours. 68 00:06:08,771 --> 00:06:15,092 Pleasantly smelling flowers can be turned into perfume, like the ones Ms Anete exchanged for money, which she in turn exchanged for tomatoes. 69 00:06:15,092 --> 00:06:19,141 There are few flower at the Island of Flowers. 70 00:06:19,141 --> 00:06:25,254 There is, however, a lot of garbage, and amongst it, the tomato Ms. Anete judged inadequate for the pork sauce. 71 00:06:25,254 --> 00:06:29,920 There is also a lot of pigs. 72 00:06:30,240 --> 00:06:34,501 The tomato Ms Anete judged inadequate for the pork she was serving as food for her family 73 00:06:34,501 --> 00:06:39,647 may turn out to be a great meal for a pig and its family, in the opinion of th epig. 74 00:06:39,647 --> 00:06:46,988 It is important to remember Ms Anete has a highly developed telencephalon and opposable thumbs, while pigs don't even have thumbs, let alone opposable ones. 75 00:06:46,988 --> 00:06:51,272 Pigs have, however, an owner. 76 00:06:51,272 --> 00:06:57,080 A pig's owner is a human being, with a highly developed telencephalon, opposable thumbs and money. 77 00:06:57,080 --> 00:07:04,040 The pig's owner exchanged a small part of his money for a small plot of land in the Island of Flowers, thus becoming the owner of the plot. 78 00:07:04,040 --> 00:07:08,040 A plot of land is a patch of land which has an owner and a fence. 79 00:07:08,040 --> 00:07:14,573 This plot, where garbage is thrown, was fenced so that the pigs would not be able to go out, and so that human beings would not come in. 80 00:07:19,000 --> 00:07:25,840 The employees of the pig's owner separate the organic matter which they think is fit for the pig's consumption from the garbage. 81 00:07:25,840 --> 00:07:29,855 Organic matter is anything that was once living, in either animal or vegetable form. 82 00:07:29,855 --> 00:07:33,355 Tomates, chickens, pigs, flowers and paper are all organic matter. 83 00:07:33,355 --> 00:07:42,341 This piece of paper, for example, was used on a history test for high school students at the Nossa Senhora de Dores school, and was given to the student Ana Luiza Nunes, a human being. 84 00:07:42,341 --> 00:07:48,428 A history test is a test for the capacity of a human being's telencephalon to remember data related to the study of history. 85 00:07:48,428 --> 00:07:52,947 For example: who as Mem de Sá? What were the hereditary captaincies? 86 00:07:53,320 --> 00:07:55,440 To remember is to live. 87 00:07:55,440 --> 00:08:01,646 Some organic materials, like tomatoes and history tests, are given to pigs as food. 88 00:08:01,646 --> 00:08:07,340 That which they consider inapropriate for the feeding of pigs, is used to feed women and children. 89 00:08:08,463 --> 00:08:17,025 Women and children are human beings, with a highly developed telencephalon, opposable thumbs and no money. 90 00:08:20,193 --> 00:08:23,693 They don't have an owner, and what is worse, they are many. 91 00:08:23,693 --> 00:08:31,392 Being many, they are organized by the employees of the pig's owner into groups of 10, and they have the permission to go inside the fenced area. 92 00:08:33,120 --> 00:08:42,028 Once inside the fenced area they can choose for themselves all the food the employees of the pig's owner judged innadequate for the pigs. 93 00:08:42,720 --> 00:08:50,200 The employees stipulated that each group of 10 human beings has 5 minutes to stay within the fenced area 94 00:08:50,200 --> 00:08:55,760 collecting organic matter, like tomatoes and history tests. 95 00:08:55,760 --> 00:09:00,560 5 minutes are 300 seconds. 96 00:09:00,560 --> 00:09:11,523 Since 1958, the second was defined as the equivalent of 9 billion, 192 million, 631 thousand and 770 cycles of radiation from a Cesium atom. 97 00:09:11,523 --> 00:09:15,828 Cesium is a non-organic material found in the garbage in Goiânia. 98 00:09:21,040 --> 00:09:26,040 The tomato, planted by Mr. Suzuki, exchanged for money at the supermarket, 99 00:09:26,040 --> 00:09:33,840 exchanged for the money that Ms Anete exchanged for perfumes extracted from flowers, rejected for the pork sauce, thrown in the garbage, 100 00:09:33,840 --> 00:09:38,394 rejected as food by the pigs, is now available for all the human beings at Island of Flowers. 101 00:09:44,760 --> 00:09:49,270 What places the human beings at the Island of Flowers after the pigs in the priority for food choice 102 00:09:49,270 --> 00:09:53,633 is the fact they have no money. 103 00:09:59,720 --> 00:10:09,120 Human beings distinguish themselves from other animals by the highly developed telencephalon, opposable thumbs, and by being free. 104 00:10:10,640 --> 00:10:14,854 Free is the state of a person with freedom. 105 00:10:15,320 --> 00:10:19,040 Freedom is a word fed by human dreams, 106 00:10:19,040 --> 00:10:21,427 that no one can explain, 107 00:10:21,427 --> 00:10:24,660 and that nobody cannot understand.