[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.60,0:00:17.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Phony philanthropist,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.90,0:00:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,humanitarian hypocrite,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.48,0:00:22.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deceptive do-gooder,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.80,0:00:24.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fraudulent altruist,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.94,0:00:27.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,charitable pretender -
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.21,0:00:31.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,however you describe them,\None thing's for sure:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.49,0:00:34.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are few things in life\Nthat we hate more
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.85,0:00:37.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than moralizing hypocrites,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.79,0:00:42.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people who ask us to do charitable acts\Nbut are themselves hypocritical.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.96,0:00:44.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, in my line of work,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.72,0:00:45.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,working with charities,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.86,0:00:47.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,social enterprises,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.69,0:00:49.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,foundations, and aid agencies,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.87,0:00:53.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I hear the word "hypocrite" all the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.14,0:00:55.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Bono,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.70,0:01:01.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the sunglass-wearing, tax-avoiding,\Nmansion-living, jet-setting Irishman,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.70,0:01:04.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he asks people to donate to charity,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.38,0:01:05.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what do we say?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.39,0:01:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We say, "Hypocrite!"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.48,0:01:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Al Gore campaigns on climate change,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.18,0:01:13.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a man who many years
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.77,0:01:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has had a utility bill\Nmore than 20 times the average household,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.40,0:01:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we say, "Hypocrite!"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.02,0:01:22.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the CEO of the Kony campaign
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.84,0:01:24.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was, on one hand,\Nasking us to donate money
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.99,0:01:26.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and saying he cared
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.56,0:01:31.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but, on the other hand, was taking home\Na charity salary of $90,000,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.24,0:01:34.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we said - you guessed it - "Hypocrite!"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.67,0:01:36.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see, we hate hypocrites.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.47,0:01:39.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We hate people who purport\Nto have certain beliefs
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.18,0:01:41.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we don't actually think they have
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.11,0:01:43.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when their actions\Ndon't reflect those beliefs.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.03,0:01:49.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I want to ask us,\N"Should we call out people for hypocrisy?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.84,0:01:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People who we think are hypocrites,\Nshould we give them that label?"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.88,0:01:59.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I hate genuine hypocrisy\Nas much as the next person,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.36,0:02:01.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I want to suggest -\Nand this is a big "but" -
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.96,0:02:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to suggest\Nthat calling out people for hypocrisy
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.42,0:02:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is misguided at best,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.52,0:02:10.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,downright dangerous at worst.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.69,0:02:13.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The key problem here
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.74,0:02:16.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that often when we accuse\Npeople of hypocrisy,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.97,0:02:18.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's not actually hypocrisy.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.68,0:02:24.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there's a few common mistakes\Nthat we make time and time again.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.55,0:02:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first mistake that we make
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.32,0:02:29.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we assume that\Nall charitable acts are equivalent.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.56,0:02:34.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say someone tells you\Nthat they support a carbon trading scheme.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.70,0:02:39.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We interpret that as just that person\Nsupports the environment,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.24,0:02:42.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so if they don't recycle,\Nwe say, "Hypocrite!"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.68,0:02:47.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If someone asks you for money\Nfor water purification tablets
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.02,0:02:49.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for a country like Myanmar,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.01,0:02:53.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we assume, oh, that person\Nsupports fresh clean water,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.85,0:02:57.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so if they don't themselves\Ngive money to build water wells,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.35,0:02:59.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we say, "Hypocrite!"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.54,0:03:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the reality
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.54,0:03:03.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that there are multiple different ways\Nof solving every problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.94,0:03:06.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some that are far more\Neffective than others,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.14,0:03:09.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and just because you support\Nsome approaches to problems
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.39,0:03:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doesn't mean you can or should or will\Nsupport every approach.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.44,0:03:16.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the first mistake we commonly make.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.04,0:03:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second problem\Nthat we often come across,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.70,0:03:21.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the second mistake that we make
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.36,0:03:27.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we compare to the extremes\Nof selflessness and selfishness.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.56,0:03:29.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say you walk into a cafe,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.68,0:03:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's a sign on the wall that says,\N"We donate 20% of our profits to charity."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.90,0:03:38.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'd probably think,\N"What a great café! What good people!
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.27,0:03:40.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Donating a bit\Nof their profits to charity."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.03,0:03:45.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so when we have mostly profit-making,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.07,0:03:47.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mostly selfishness but a bit of altruism,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.80,0:03:50.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we like it, we think of it\Nas a good thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.73,0:03:53.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then if someone works for a charity,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.02,0:03:56.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if someone dedicates\Ntheir entire career to a good cause,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.40,0:03:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if someone is mostly selfless
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.25,0:04:02.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but then takes home\Na reasonably decent salary,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.04,0:04:04.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we say, "Hah, hypocrite!"
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.67,0:04:08.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we're fine with mostly selfish\Nwith a touch of altruism
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.87,0:04:12.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not mostly altruistic\Nwith a touch of selfish.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.94,0:04:14.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can be 10% altruistic,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.65,0:04:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you can't be 90%,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.48,0:04:18.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which doesn't make any sense.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.82,0:04:23.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We prefer honest greed\Nto imperfect generosity.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.57,0:04:25.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We compare to the extremes
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.56,0:04:28.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than comparing people\Nto other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.91,0:04:30.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the second mistake.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.74,0:04:32.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The third mistake we make
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.51,0:04:33.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we assume
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.52,0:04:37.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that because someone supports\Na collective response to something,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.91,0:04:39.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,individual action must follow.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.93,0:04:41.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so if a politician says
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.36,0:04:44.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they support\Ngovernment-provided education,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.37,0:04:47.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they send their kids\Nto private independent schools,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.05,0:04:49.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we say, "Hypocrite."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.20,0:04:53.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If someone was to say they supported\Na global ban on meat consumption,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.48,0:04:55.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet they themselves ate meat,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.99,0:04:58.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we might say, "Hypocrite."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.71,0:05:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the reality is it's totally rational
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.72,0:05:06.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often to support a collective response
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.84,0:05:10.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without necessarily wanting\Nto be the one to act alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.29,0:05:12.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to act individually, to bear the cost.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.55,0:05:14.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's very rational.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.36,0:05:17.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, if you act in a certain way,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.33,0:05:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as by taking really short showers
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.74,0:05:23.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or taking the train instead of a plane\Nto save on carbon emissions,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.57,0:05:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you bear the full cost of your action,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.80,0:05:30.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet the benefits\Nare dispersed by seven billion people.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.47,0:05:33.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so in order for it to be rational\Nfor you to do that,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.77,0:05:37.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the benefits really need\Nto be seven billion times the cost,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.75,0:05:39.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is rarely going to be the case.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.60,0:05:44.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why initiatives such as Earth Hour\Noften don't have a sustained impact.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.69,0:05:47.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not hypocritical to be rational.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.80,0:05:50.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The fourth mistake that we often make
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.85,0:05:53.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we assume\Nthat if someone really cares,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.23,0:05:55.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if someone really wants the best outcome,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.72,0:05:59.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they'll necessarily support\Nthe ideal policy.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.51,0:06:02.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when Kevin Rudd,\Nthe former Prime Minister of Australia,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.27,0:06:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,said climate change is the greatest\Nmoral challenge of our time,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.19,0:06:10.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then he supported\Nwatered-down environmental legislation,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.26,0:06:11.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we said, "Hypocrite."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.55,0:06:15.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the reality is sometimes\Nyou need to be strategic.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.12,0:06:19.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if that ideal policy,\Nif the ideal situation
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.41,0:06:21.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would not receive parliamentary support,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.92,0:06:26.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if that would be scrapped\Nby the next Parliament in a year or two,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.59,0:06:29.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then sometimes opting\Nfor the second-best approach
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.67,0:06:32.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is actually more sustainable\Nand actually better
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.06,0:06:34.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and actually has a greater impact.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.45,0:06:39.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another common mistake we make\Nis that we conflate legality and morality.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.49,0:06:43.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If someone was to stand up\Nand say they opposed prostitution,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.52,0:06:46.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they thought prostitution was wrong,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.05,0:06:48.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet then they voted\Nfor it to be legal,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.56,0:06:50.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we might say, "Hypocrite."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.58,0:06:53.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But questions of legality and morality\Nare very different.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.02,0:06:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see, if making prostitution legal
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.96,0:07:01.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meant that victims of abuse\Ncould come forward
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.85,0:07:05.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without fear of persecution\Nor prosecution,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.28,0:07:07.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then it might be the right thing to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.38,0:07:11.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,irrespective of whether you thought\Nit was morally right or wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.56,0:07:15.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Likewise, it's entirely consistent\Nfor someone to say
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.34,0:07:19.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they themselves,\Nsay for religious reasons,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.36,0:07:21.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't believe in gay marriage,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.76,0:07:25.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but for that same person to say\Nthey think it should be legal.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.48,0:07:28.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because questions of legality\Nalso take into account
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.09,0:07:32.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other people's beliefs and opinions\Nand sexual preferences.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.18,0:07:35.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We shouldn't conflate\Nlegality and morality.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.59,0:07:38.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the final mistake that we often make
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.50,0:07:41.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is we just don't distinguish\Nbetween different circumstances.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.93,0:07:44.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Obama came out and said
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.17,0:07:49.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that having armed security in every school\Nwasn't the answer to gun violence,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.52,0:07:52.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the NRA responded,\Nnot by attacking the argument,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.68,0:07:54.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but by attacking the person.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.35,0:07:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They ran ad campaigns,\Nsaying that Obama was a hypocrite
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.52,0:08:00.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because he had armed security\Nfor his daughters.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.90,0:08:04.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We often don't distinguish\Ndifferent circumstances.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.74,0:08:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My point here is that often\Nwhen we accuse people of hypocrisy,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.78,0:08:10.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's simply not hypocritical.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.20,0:08:12.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We assume that we know people's beliefs,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.24,0:08:15.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we assume we know why people\Nare acting in a certain way,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.82,0:08:18.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's often arrogant to assume that.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.43,0:08:21.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're too quick to condemn,\Ntoo slow to ask why.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.50,0:08:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But let's assume for a moment\Nthat it was hypocritical,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.51,0:08:29.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that these people did actually act\Nin a hypocritical manner.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.19,0:08:34.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The problem here is that\Nthe existence of hypocrisy
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.65,0:08:38.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doesn't actually undermine\Nthe argument that is being made.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.64,0:08:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a convenient distraction,\Nbut it's not a rebuttal.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.92,0:08:44.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean the argument that smoking is bad
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.03,0:08:49.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doesn't change because the person\Nwho is making it is a smoker.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.73,0:08:54.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can know right or wrong\Nwithout being morally perfect yourself.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.28,0:08:57.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you should be able to ask people\Nto do what is right.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.57,0:09:00.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That shouldn't just be\Nthe purview of the morally perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.06,0:09:05.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, if we shouldn't\Ncall out people for hypocrisy,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.77,0:09:09.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we shouldn't focus\Non the charitable messenger,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.90,0:09:11.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what should we do?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.75,0:09:12.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to say
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.75,0:09:17.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we should discuss and debate\Nand critique the charitable message.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.70,0:09:19.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, with me I have two jugs.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.13,0:09:21.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of those represents the person,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.88,0:09:25.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of those represents\Nthe messenger in question,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.26,0:09:28.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the other one represents\Nthe argument, the message.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.14,0:09:30.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, when we call out people\Nfor hypocrisy,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.87,0:09:33.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we use that hypocrisy argument,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.69,0:09:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we use it to attack a person,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.18,0:09:37.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is what happens.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.13,0:09:40.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's easy to make them bleed.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.73,0:09:42.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's easy to inflict pain.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.14,0:09:45.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all, they're a fallible person.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.04,0:09:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what's interesting
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.18,0:09:50.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we don't discuss,\Nwe don't critique,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.30,0:09:53.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't criticize the charitable message.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.86,0:09:57.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so that's the status quo,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.25,0:09:59.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the situation we find ourselves in,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.55,0:10:03.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where attacking the charitable\Nmessenger is all too easy
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.39,0:10:07.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and attacking the charitable\Nmessage is often taboo.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.48,0:10:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is this?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.62,0:10:13.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, I think we often think of charity\Nas somewhat of a taboo subject.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.87,0:10:15.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't like criticizing it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.74,0:10:18.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Indeed, we just think of it as doing good.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.91,0:10:21.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why you can do a lot of things\Nin the name of charity.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.81,0:10:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.40,0:10:27.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you want an excuse\Nto do a naked calendar,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.56,0:10:29.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do it in the name of charity.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.75,0:10:32.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you want an excuse to do a marathon,\Ndo it in the name of charity.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.99,0:10:35.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you want an excuse\Nto make three of your friends,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.42,0:10:36.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to force three of your friends
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.85,0:10:39.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to pour a bucket of ice cold water\Nover their heads,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.28,0:10:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.28,0:10:42.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do it in the name of charity.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.14,0:10:45.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see, we find it difficult\Nto criticize acts of charity.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.78,0:10:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We think of charity as one and the same,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.11,0:10:50.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not all charities are created equal,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.84,0:10:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not all approaches to problems\Nare equally effective.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.44,0:10:57.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the things\Nthat the organization I run,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.58,0:10:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,180 Degrees Consulting,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.74,0:11:00.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,specializes in
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.11,0:11:01.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is measuring the social impact
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.58,0:11:04.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of different programs\Nand different organizations,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.85,0:11:06.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's very clear to me
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.21,0:11:08.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that some approaches, some charities,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.52,0:11:13.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are hundreds, even thousands, of times\Nmore effective than other approaches.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.37,0:11:14.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so what that means
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.57,0:11:17.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it's more important\Nto do the right act,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.86,0:11:19.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the most effective act,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.34,0:11:22.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than to merely do an action.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.59,0:11:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An action is merely a means to an end.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.75,0:11:27.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We focus on it when we accuse\Npeople of hypocrisy,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.79,0:11:31.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but focusing on the impact\Nis far more important.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.44,0:11:34.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's far more important
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.01,0:11:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because in a world with unlimited problems
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.33,0:11:40.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but limited time, limited resources,\Nand limited money,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.64,0:11:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can't afford to not have\Nthe greatest social impact possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.98,0:11:47.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can't afford it.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.47,0:11:52.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can't afford for doing good\Nto merely be a feel-good endeavor.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.66,0:11:55.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It must be an intellectual\Nendeavor as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.31,0:11:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me give you one example.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.64,0:12:01.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say you have $42,000,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.15,0:12:04.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you want to spend that money\Nhelping blind people.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.39,0:12:06.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can spend that money\Nin a few different ways.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.10,0:12:10.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One way is by not giving it at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.14,0:12:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second way is by using the money\Nto train a guide dog.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.45,0:12:17.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It cost about $42,000\Nto train a guide dog.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.34,0:12:18.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the third option
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.65,0:12:21.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that you can use it\Nto fund a low-cost eye surgery
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.76,0:12:22.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a place like India,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.83,0:12:26.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which costs about $75 per surgery.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.33,0:12:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so with that $42,000,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.100,0:12:31.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can either help no blind people,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.70,0:12:33.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one blind person,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.32,0:12:35.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or 560 blind people.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:36.32,0:12:39.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I do not think it should be taboo
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.29,0:12:44.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to argue that you should not give money\Nto training the guide dog,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.25,0:12:45.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as cute as guide dogs are
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.79,0:12:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as important guide dogs are\Nfor the people who use them,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.42,0:12:53.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that you should instead\Ngive money for the low-cost eye surgery.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.58,0:12:56.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know that sounds bad.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.94,0:12:58.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It sounds unethical.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.46,0:13:01.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It almost sounds evil.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.75,0:13:05.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once we've done the effective approaches,\Nwe can do the less effective approaches,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.65,0:13:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I don't think\Nless effective approaches
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.88,0:13:11.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,should come at the expense\Nof the more effective approaches.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.37,0:13:15.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because as long as it is taboo
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.26,0:13:18.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for us to talk about the impacts\Nof different charitable acts,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.87,0:13:20.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more people will be blind,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.25,0:13:21.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more people will be poor,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.75,0:13:25.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more people won't have access\Nto health, education, and sanitation,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.43,0:13:28.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that is something I cannot stand for.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.92,0:13:31.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want us to have\Nthe greatest impact possible,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.12,0:13:33.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I don't think\Nwe'd have that greatest impact
Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.40,0:13:37.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by focusing on hypocrisy\Nor focusing on the messenger.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.10,0:13:39.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have it by focusing\Non the charitable message.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.88,0:13:42.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the most important thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.71,0:13:44.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me conclude.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.40,0:13:48.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Time and time again, when we can,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.76,0:13:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we target the messenger, not the message;
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.94,0:13:53.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the campaigner, not the campaign;
Dialogue: 0,0:13:53.24,0:13:54.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the person, not the argument.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.27,0:13:58.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The exact opposite should be true.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.76,0:14:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The key point that I'm trying to make here
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.12,0:14:05.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that charitable messengers\Nshould not be the target,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.07,0:14:09.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and critiquing charitable messages\Nshould no longer be taboo.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.02,0:14:14.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Small minds rebut people;\Ngreat minds rebut arguments.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.81,0:14:17.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think Eleanor Roosevelt would agree.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.53,0:14:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the next time
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.55,0:14:23.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that a politician, a celebrity, a friend,\Na religious leader, a charity worker
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.89,0:14:26.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,asks you to do something\Nthat you don't want to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.67,0:14:31.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want you to respond\Nby rebutting the message,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.04,0:14:32.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not the messenger.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.63,0:14:35.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The next time that a friend\Ncalls out someone for hypocrisy,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.77,0:14:39.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want you to tell them,\N"Rebut the message, not the messenger."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.48,0:14:43.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By focusing on the hypocrisy\Nof the messenger,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.32,0:14:44.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're being misguided,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.08,0:14:47.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but by focusing on\Nthe validity of the message,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.79,0:14:49.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're being productive,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.20,0:14:51.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're helping to maximize impact.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.98,0:14:53.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that is a cause worth fighting for.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.93,0:14:55.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.08,0:14:58.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)\N