Hi everyone, my name is Brad Zaknich from
GESB, and I'd like to thank you very much

for logging onto today's recorded webinar,
so it's not a live one today,

it's recorded and it's about investing
in super 101. So we're gonna go through

the ideas of investing through 
superannuation compared to investing

in other formats. So, for those who
haven't used webinars before, very simple

technology, sit back and relax. Some of 
the normal interactive opportunities we

have with webinars has been turned off
for today's session, obviously things like

typing in questions and clicking send, 
you can't do that today because there's

no-one to reply to them. So what we'll do 
is get through some of the housekeeping.

What we're showing you here is what you
already would have received, well, in fact

what you're going to be receiving, is a 
webinar survey follow-up email, we do

still love to get feedback, even with 
recorded webinars, so if you wouldn't mind

setting a few moments it takes to complete
that, that'd be greatly appreciated.

The webinar, like I said, is being 
recorded, and you'll be able to sit back,

watch it at your own leisure. You can move
forward, you can go back in the slides,

and you can watch it as many times as you
like, and from my understanding, this

webinar will be staying live on the GESB 
website, so probably around the end of

the financial year, at which point we'll
most likely get a new presentation up.

Now, I'd first love to show my respect
and acknowledge the traditional custodians

of this land, of Elders past, present and
emerging, on which this event takes place.

And then you've got the all-important 
disclaimer. When talking about

superannuation, investing, money, finance,
it's important that you understand that

we're not giving you personalised
financial advice today. My job today is to

provide you with information, explain 
things, explain how things work.

It's not to get you to make a decision
based on what I'm saying. So if you do

need personalised financial advice, 
you'll need to go elsewhere to get that,

as GESB only provides you general advice.
Now in today's session there is a lot to

get through, some of which might be
concepts that you're familiar with,

and some maybe not. So in this session 
we're gonna talk about the basics of

investing, and we're gonna talk about 
things like income tax, and how that

impacts investing, budgeting, where to use
your money, borrowing, and debt.

Also going to talk about with investment
concepts, the idea of compounding

interest, the value of superannuation, 
understanding the different asset classes

that exist within super, and what 
investment options are available.

Now hopefully you all know who GESB is,
I work for GESB, GESB is a state

government department, and it just stands
for Government Employee Superannuation

Board. Now we've been around for over
85 years, we've grown over $42 billion

in funds under management as of 31st 
December 2024, and GESB, being a

government department, we're a
not-for-profit organisation.

So the only fees we collect from you, 
through your super, through your insurances

are to run the fund, we are 
not-for-profit. And our returns are

competitive and long-term.

In regards to GESB's product structure,
people often get a little confused,

but it's quite simple. GESB at the top
of the tree there stands for Government

Employee Superannuation Board. Below that
are the different schemes that we

administer. Now we're got some old 
legacy schemes like the Pension scheme

and the Gold State Super scheme,
we're not going to be talking about

those at all today, okay, they don't sit
within the bounds of today's presentation.

We're predominantly going to be talking
about superannuation, that are in the

accumulation phase, and are accumulation
accounts, so West State Super, GESB Super,

and some of the other invest, general
super funds that work in a similar fashion.

When we speak about stuff that is general,
superannuation, I'll make that very

well-known. When we're talking about 
anything that might be GESB specific,

I'll also make that well-known. What we're
not going to talk about in great detail

today, or if at all, are the allocated 
pensions. They are the retired products

that most people use to draw down their
retirement savings.

Well let's quickly talk about West State
and GESB Super because there are some

differences between the two of them, 
and you need to be aware. So, West State

Super was the default super fund for 
WA State Public Servants who commenced

working for the government prior to 
15 April 2007. The reason that is

important is that after April 2007, new
employees to the public sector might have

had a GESB Super account open, or perhaps
some other super fund, Hesta, Australian Super,

Hostplus, something like that. The reason
it's important to know, is that most

Australian funds like GESB Super, and most
other funds, are considered to be taxed

super schemes. Why is this important?
The government allows super contributions

to be contributed at a lower rate of tax
than your normal pay. We need to remember

that super comes under the tax regime, 
and GESB super, like most Australian funds

is a tax scheme and that simply means
when your employer puts money into your

super fund, through your employers' 11.5%
super guarantee, or you put extra money in

through your payroll process called 
salary sacrifice. Those contributions are

only taxed at 15%, compared to 
your normal tax rates through your income.

But it happens on the way into your 
account, and while your money's still

invested. If however you've got a West
State Super account, your money's are

not taxed on the way in, because it's 
called an 'untaxed super scheme'.

So the money's from your employers'
contributions and any salary sacrifice are

not taxed on the way into your account so
the full contribution hits your account.

Any investment earnings or growth in your
fund would normally be taxed at 15% in

a regular fund, they are not taxed in 
West State Super whilst the money remains

in West State Super, but what happens
however is when you take your money

out of the West State scheme, that is 
when the 15% tax gets applied.

So it's important that you understand the
difference, and there are some other

differences to talk about in a little
while as well.

Now, when we talk about tax, you need
to remember as well that the way the

Australian tax system works is relative to
your income, is the more income that

you earn, the more tax you generally pay.
So up to the first $18,200 you earn in

earnings through your salary, through your
income, there is no tax applicable to that

income for most Australians. But once your
salary gets above $18,201, up to $45,000,

I shouldn't say salary, I should say
income, in that bracket your income is

taxed at 16%, okay, for every dollar over 
$18,201, up to $45,000.

Then, if you're earning over $45,001 per
year, the earnings between $45,001 and

$135,00, that portion alone is taxed at 
30%. So people often think 'well I'm

earning over $45 grand a year, I must be
paying 30% tax.' Yes, but only on the money

you're earning, above $45,000. And as your
salary goes into the new higher brackets,

you pay more tax on the extra earnings. 
Now, as I said earlier, money's going into

superannuation from your employer's 
contributions, and through the process

called salary sacrifice. They are not 
taxed at your marginal, personal tax rate.

They are instead taxed at 15%. So when you
talk about that, you can see that money's

being earned over 45 grand are normally 
taxed at 30%, money going into your super

are only going to be taxed at 15% maximum. 
That is the benefit of superannuation,

so let's go through this. Let's start
talking about investing money, finances,

all those sort of things, and first thing
when I talk about this is the basics of

investing and knowing where your money
comes from.

So knowing where your money goes is 
extremely important, being able to track

your spending is an extremely important
part of looking after your money.

Planning your goals, whether they be
short-term, medium-term, or long-term,

basics of knowing where your money comes
from, and what you're gonna spend it on.

But also being a smart borrower. There's 
nothing wrong with borrowing money,

but some would argue, borrowing money to
purchase something that is declining in

value may not be a smart borrow, but
that's up to the individual to decide how

they want to do that. Also understanding
compounding interest.

Interest earnt, people understand that 
maybe I'm making, for example, a 7%

return on my money, but when you 
understand that compounding interest is

interest on top of interest on top of 
interest, that's extremely powerful.

Albert Einstein once said 'compound 
interest is the eighth wonder of the

world, he who understands it, earns it. 
He who doesn't, pays it.' Something to

think about there. Well let's firstly talk
about budgeting.

So there is a concept called the 
'bucketing approach', cause when we talk

about budgeting, people get quite 
concerned and they think very heavily

about every cent that this, and every 
individual item, and that is fair enough.

But if you simplify things in budgeting
into a simpler approach, it might be as

simple as dividing your income into three
buckets, or three aspects of your income.

And you might allocate, for example, 50% 
of your income to your needs, so for

example your home loan, your rent,
groceries, utilities and your insurances.

So 50% is just a concept, you might have
more than that, you might have less,

but when you identify an amount of
money, that is used for your needs, set

that money aside and you know that your
needs are covered.

And then you might have your wants, and
you might decide to allocate maybe 30%

of your income to your wants. And they can
be things like your, upgrading needs,

money's for evenings out, hobbies, 
sporting events, holidays, but upgrading

needs we might talk about maintenance
on your home, new cars, things like that.

And then you might decide to allocate 
20% of your income towards savings.

And that might be an emergency fund for
when things go wrong, or maybe long-term

savings for things off in the future, 
that might include other investments like

superannuation, shares, property, but it 
also might include the overpayment of your

debt, so paying extra money to pay off
loans might be considered to be savings.

And when you break it down into 50%, 30% 
and 20%, it's a very reasonable starting

point, you might decide to put more money
into savings, less into wants, but by

having a structure, makes it easier to 
stick to that structure, and identify what

you're going to be putting your money
into.

Let's now talk about being a smart 
borrower. Borrowing money is for most

people, a necessity in life, for certain
things, but not all debt is equal, it will

depend on the purpose of the loan, 
it will depend on the interest rates

you're paying, how often and how much
your payments are going to be, and it

should be consolidating different debts,
or different loans, into one.

So for example, when they say 'not all
debt is equal', if you're borrowing money

from a bank or institution, as an 
example, and maybe you're borrowing it

and you're having to pay, 5% interest
or 6% interest to borrow that money,

but maybe you're borrowing that money
to purchase something that's going to

increase in value by 7, 8, 9 or 10% 
per year, that might be said as being

'good debt'. Whereas 'bad debt' might be
be something as simple as paying for a

holiday where you don't have much to show 
for it at the end and you're paying extra

when you get back by way of interest. 
So understand, borrowing money is not

necessarily a bad thing, but understanding
when you should, shouldn't borrow to

purchase things is something
that you have to decide.

Now lets now talk about compounding 
interest, I'm gonna go through the example

we quite often use. Compounding interest
is basically earning interest on top of

previously earned interest. So let's look
at a case study of Jenny, who invests

$10,000 over a five year period. Now she's
gonna, let's say in her example, she

receives 5% per annum compounded interest,
compounded on a monthly basis.

Now, and the end of five years, her
investments actually gonna grow to $12,834.

She's not just earning 5% on $10,000, 
so let's see how this works.

If she invests $10,000 at the start of 
year 1, by compounding interest at 5%

per annum monthly, she's doesn't end up
with $500, which would be if she

compounded once, she ends up with $512, 
it's actually more than 5% over the 12

months because it's been compounded 
monthly. So at the beginning of the next

year she's got $512, which she earns 5% 
interest compounded monthly, for the next

12 months, she accumulates $538. 
Ends up with $11,049, and you can see over

five years, the interests that's been 
compounded grows, 512, 538, 565, 594, 625.

So compounding interest, when you leave 
investments alone, and they compound on

top of each other. It's investments' 
interest on top of the last lot of

interest returns. That's where leaving 
things long term can generate greater

levels of interest, because it's not 
simple interest, it's compound interest.

And that's where these slides come in,
excuse me, time is money.

People often talk about 'timing the market',
it's often more important to spend time

in the market. What do we mean by that?
Well let's say for example, you've got

a 20-year-old, a 30-year-old, a 40 and a 
50-year-old, who all of a-side,

with a starting balance of nothing, 
they want to put an extra $50 a fortnight

perhaps even less, in superannuation. 
So let's just assume this is extra money

you're putting into your super, above and 
beyond what you might already be getting.

What difference will it make by putting
$50 a fortnight, now let's assume an

annual earning rate of roughly 7.8%,
so you're probably in the growth plan.

Now if you start when you're 20, an extra
$50 a fortnight, taken out of the

conversation inflation and things like
that, when you get to 60, so after 40

years, you'll have $345,758 extra sitting 
in your account.

By only putting in $50 a fortnight. 
Now if you don't start until you're 30,

now I've got $154,000, you don't start
until you're 40, about $64,000,

you don't start until you're 50, it's 
$21,000. Now you can see, even though

they're only 10-year periods separating
each starting point, the amounts of

difference are massive. Because the person
starting making contributions earlier,

is getting compounding interest every
month on top of the contributions that

have already grown. And that's why the 
balance can be quite large, by putting in

significantly small amounts of money, 
if you start really early.

Well let's now focus on that $345,000 
because we know that starting at 20,

over 40 years, should generate a figure 
that's similar to that.

But what if, you need that amount of 
money, but you don't start when you're 20.

Well if you don't start 'til you're 30, 
to meet the same objective, you'll need to

put in $112 a fortnight, significantly
more. If you don't start 'til you're 40,

now you've gotta do $270 a fortnight, 
for a much shorter period of time.

And if you don't start 'til you're 50, 
now it's $807 per fortnight.

So this is where compounding interest can
work against you, the longer you wait to

start making investments. And because
superannuation can't be accessed,

generally until the age of 60 anyway, 
for a lot of people making extra

contributions in super, the benefits of 
compounding interest come along anyway,

because you can't get access to it. 
But what it does say, is if you want to

start growing your super, the earlier you
start, generally speaking, the less amount

you've gotta make as a contribution
a fortnight.

And what is the value of superannuation
to you? Well the value of super is this;

It's a very tax-advantaged saving scheme 
for retirement, often more, better tax

advantages than you're gonna get through
your income tax rates.

Why is superannuation compulsory, and it's
been compulsory since 1992, it's so that

you have an alternative to, or a 
supplement for, the age pension.

The age pension, is not going to disappear
anytime soon, but it is still seen as

being only a safety net for retirement.
Because we've been getting compulsory

super now since 1992.

And the value of super for you might be 
to give you the options in retirement

that you might not otherwise have, by just
relying on the age pension, or even just

compulsory super, maybe making extra 
contributions, will meet your objectives,

as to what your lifestyle might look like
in retirement.

Now there are different ways of getting
money into super, and the main way is

your employers' contributions. 
Now down on the left-hand side you can

see, you can put money in super through 
your employers' contributions, through

salary sacrifice through your payroll, 
voluntary after-tax contributions,

through cheque or B-pay or even through
your payroll. There are also personal

deductible contributions which we're not
going to go into great detail about today,

and there's also spouse contributions. 
But across the top, there are two main

forms of contributions. One is called 
concessional contributions, one is called

non-concessional.

What is the difference? The difference 
comes down to the name. Concessional

contributions are moneys' that go into 
your super before you pay your income tax.

So when I showed you before that for 
most Australians earning over $30,000 a

year, most of us are paying 30% tax on a
fair chunk of our income.

So for when you have a non-concessional
contribution, that means you've earned

your money, you've generally paid your 
tax on your income, which could be 30%.

So if you earn $1000, you might lose 30%
being 300, you can get $700 into your

super, that would be a non-concessional
contribution. But when putting money

into your super as a concessional 
contribution, the money comes out of your

income, before it gets taxed at your 
regular tax rate and instead goes into

your super and will only be taxed at 15%. 
So you earn $1000, only to lose 15%,

you're left with $850. So superannuation
concessional contributions is like earning

$1000 and being able to invest $850, 
whereas non-concessional contributions,

which you can invest in anywhere, might 
otherwise be earning $1000 and only

getting $700 invested. That's the benefit 
of superannuation.

And what this slide here is showing, 
excuse me, is normally you earn your

salary, your salary gets taxed at your 
marginal tax rate, think 30-odd percent or

possibly more, at the top end, and money
goes into your bank account.

Money that you can buy and invest 
elsewhere, the interest or earnings are

also taxed at your marginal tax rate. 
But when you put money into superannuation

through your salary, through salary 
sacrifice, it'll only be taxed at 15%,

either on the way into your account with 
most super funds like GESB, Australian

Super and Hesta, or the money on the way
out, with West State Super, still 15%.

And not just that, not only do you pay 
only 15% tax on the contributions, you

only pay 15% tax on the investment 
earnings, as opposed to your marginal tax

rate. Now because superannuation 
is considered to be a tax-effective savings

strategy for your retirement, that's why
the government's put in place, they also

understand, that by saving for your 
retirement, the government is going to

receive less tax now, than if you hadn't
put it through your pay.

That's why they limit the amount you're
allowed to put into your superannuation

through what are called concessional 
contributions. Now for most Australian

funds, being taxed funds, GESB, Hesta, 
Australian Super, that sort of fund, the

limitation per year is $30,000 per year. 
And that includes your employers super

contributions, so you could already be 
getting 11 and a half percent in super,

you're allowed to go above and beyond 
that up to $30,000, per year to grow your

superannuation savings. If you go above
that, you're not penalised as such, but

the excess contributions will be taxed 
at your marginal tax rate.

Now, for those of you who might have a
West State Super, or indeed a Gold State

Super Account those concessional 
contributions of an annual $30,000 limit,

do not apply to you. Instead, you've got 
what's called an untaxed plan cap,

and as that currently stands, that is 
$1.78 million in your lifetime.

And that gets indexed every year. 
So that means, if you've got West Side

Super for example, irrespective of 
what your employer's putting into your

employers' contributions, you can salary 
sacrifice above and beyond that, past the

$30,000 per year, up to $1.78 million over
your lifetime.

So that's an important consideration of
West State that provides benefits that may

not be applicable in other super funds.

However, there is one thing you need to 
consider. Whilst West State Super does not

have an annual limitation, like every 
other super fund, there is a correlation

between West State, and other super funds.
So what this example here is showing is

this, let's say I've got a West State Super
account, but maybe I've got another tax

super fund, like Hesta, or Australian 
Super, or maybe a self-managed super

fund. What this slide here is showing is, 
if I'm putting in $20,000 per year,

of concessional contributions into West 
State, that's okay, I can still put

$10,000 of concessional contributions 
into another fund, without breaching the

$30,000 cap. Now, in example two, 
if I put in $30,000 a year into West

State, that is also okay, even though the
$30,000 limit does not apply to West State,

by putting $30,000 into West State, all of
a sudden, whatever I'm putting into West

State counts against whatever I'm putting
into any other Australian super fund,

tax super fund. So if I'm putting $30,000 
into West State through salary sacrifice,

and employer contributions, at that point,
if any extra moneys' are going into a tax

super fund, as a concessional
contribution, that amount is now in breach

of the concessional contributions cap. 
And as per example slide three, if I'm

putting $50,000 into West State, that's 
not a problem, but it means anything going

into any other fund as a concessional
contribution is in breach of the

concessional cap. So please be mindful 
of that if you've got multiple super funds.

Now, irrespective of which super 
fund you've got, the non-concessional

contribution cap is, for example, money I
might have in the bank, money I might have

already saved, money I might be getting
from an inheritance.

Moneys' that I either don't need to pay 
tax on, or I've already paid tax on.

I could put that into my West State
account, or GESB account or any other

super fund. And the amount that you're
limited to is $120,000 per year, up to

the age of 75. If I happen to go over 
$120,000 per year, it's not a major

problem, provided I don't put in more 
than $360,000 over a three-year period.

So what that's saying here is, if I put 
$120,000 in this year, 120 the following

year, 120 the following year, no problem.

But let's say, for example, I accidentally
put in $150,000 this year, I don't have a

problem, but what happens is for this year
and the next two years, the government

says the most you can put in is $360,000.

Now, you do not want to breach that cap
because if you do, your excess gets taxed

at 47%. Now, there is something else to
take into account.

Whilst there is an annual limits, at a 
three year limit to what you can put into

your super through non-concessional 
contributions, you can only make these

contributions if your balance in super
is less than $1.9 million at the end of

the financial year. So what I would say is
this, if you're planning on making

non-concessional contributions to your
super, and you've got less than

$1.9 million, and you're under 75, you can
still make these contributions.

But as you get closer to 75 years of age, 
please be aware, you need to contact your

super fund, 'cos once you're within three
years of getting to 75, the amount you

can put in, you just need to be a little
careful, when using the bring forward rule

because you might exceed that cap.
So please contact your super fund

to understand how that works.

Now, let's start talk about the investment
side of things.

Investment terms and concepts, so we're
going to talk about unit prices, share

prices, dividends, and liquidity, we're
gonna talk about asset classes, we're

gonna talk about risk profile and time 
horizon.

So what are unit prices, 
well unit prices are very similar to

shares, so in your super, when money 
goes into your superannuation fund,

what happens is you don't get a set level
of return.

What actually happens is, we purchase
investments at a certain price.

So if a unit is worth $1, and you put in
$100 into your super, we buy 100

investments at a dollar per investment.

As the unit price goes up in value, 
the investments you've already got go up

in value, your balance goes up.

But it also means that extra money going
into your super, buys less and less for

your dollar 'cos the new investments you're
buying are getting more expensive.

Subsequently though, if unit prices drop,
and you're putting money into your super,

you buy more for your dollar.
So understanding how unit prices work is

extremely important with super, because 
even when markets go down, even though

your balance might fall, you actually get
to buy more investments for your dollar

because you're getting more purchasing
value, so please understand that.

Also, unit pricing provides liquidity 
because it means that when you resign

or retire and you want to access your
super, you don't have to sell all your

superannuation investments to take some
money out. Unit pricing provides

liquidity, you might decide to sell off
$10,000 worth of investments to get the

money out. Now we're going to talk about
asset classes shortly, we're also going to

talk about risk profile, and time horizon,
in fact, I'll talk about time horizon now.

Time horizon is, how soon until I need my
actual money. Why is that important?

If I need my money tomorrow, from my 
retirement savings, you may not want to

have your money invested in high growth or
risky investments, because if the balance

you need is about what you've got now, 
then all of a sudden the market falls for

the next 12 months, if you're invested in
a more volatile investment type,

and the market will drop, you might lose
some of the value of that investment at a

time when you don't have time to recover
the investment losses because you're

drawing down soon. However, on the
flipside, if you don't need your

superannuation for 20 or 30 years, your 
time horizon is quite far off, you might

decide 'well my risk profile might be a
little bit greater, which means I can

afford to take on more risk, maybe I can
afford to take on more volatility,' because

the more volatile your investments are, 
the most risk they take on, the more

likely it is to go up, but the more likely
it is to experience downturns.

As we all know, over the long term, more
volatile investments do go up, yes they go

down, but they likely recover the losses 
in the medium-to long-term.

And that's why we talk about risk in
super, super is not without risk.

There's legislative risk, the risk that
the government may change the rules.

It has happened in the past, will likely
happen in the future.

But the extent to which those risks come 
about with legislation, often or at the

top end, to reduce the amount of tax
effectiveness that people can get, the

rules don't change that much or that often.

Then we've got investment risk, the risk 
that your investment may not achieve

your investment outcomes, that you're
looking for.

So understand that even though markets
go up and down, okay, that is the

investment risk. But avoiding risk might 
result in you not getting the return that

you actually want, it may not give you
enough return.

Increasing investment risk may increase
volatility, how much it goes up and down,

but hopefully should increase what you
return in the end.

And restricted access is also a risk. 
Only put money into superannuation

you can afford to be without generally
until the age of 60, because that's when

you get access to your super.

So managing your investment risk through
the GESB website, we have an investment

tool in the GESB calculators area, there's
one that allows you, called the

Investment Tool, to choose what investment
profile you might want to take on.

Because in your super your money gets 
invested in Australian shares,

international shares, private equity, 
and other investment options.

Some are less, or more defensive, less
aggressive, some are more growth-orientated

providing greater levels of return over 
the long-term.

Now, GESB takes what's called a
multi-manager approach, by doing this

it means we spread your money far and 
wide, so whether you're in GESB Super,

West State or one of our retirement income
pension options, you can choose to be

invested in cash, conservative, balanced,
sustainable balanced, growth and a range

of other options. But even below that,
when you look at the actual investment

managers we use, within the Australian
share portfolio, we use about seven

different fund managers, within the
property portfolio we use in excess of

10, we do this to spread the risk far
and wide, which mitigates the chances of

the managers making mistakes and impacting
you.

Because as you can see, different
investments perform differently, so what

we like to do is take the risk away,
so you don't have to choose one investment

or the other, and by taking the balanced
approached for a lot of people, whether

it be in the growth plan, sustainable or
my West State plan, what this graph is

showing is how the West State Super plan
has performed since 2001.

Now even though a lot of you aren't in
West State, maybe you're in GESB Super,

the reason we show West State first is 
because it goes back the furthest, which

allows you to see the impact of volatility
growth has had on the investment markets.

And you can see, even though growth and
the West State plan are the most important

aggressive of the plans, that also 
returned the greatest investment growth.

Whereas the cash plan, nice, slow and 
steady, doesn't perform overly well,

but it also doesn't achieve negatives.

Now you'll see over the last couple of 
years, or year or so, there's some orange

line, the sustainable balanced plan, 
it only shows a short-term because

we've only had it available for about
12 months.

Now in West State Super there are five
ready made plans to choose from,

and you get to choose from cash, 
conservative, the default plan if you've

not made an option, which used to be
called the balanced plan, there's also

the sustainable balanced plan as well as
growth. The growth plan is the most

aggressive, the cash plan is the least
aggressive.

But you can also take the option to do
a mix your plan.

This is where you can choose the exact 
allocation of investment types, from the

five asset classes that exist, you can 
change it as often as you want.

Now, the GESB Super. GESB Super only goes
back to 2007 and as you can see when it

first started, that's when the global 
financial crisis hit.

But it still shows, that even though cash
has been very steady along the middle,

the other investment plans have been more
volatile, but have provided greater levels

of return. And you can actually plot these
graphs on the GESB website through the

investment centre, and you can plot the
cash, conservative, balanced, the default

plan, sustainable and the growth.

And as I said before, you can change your
investment options as often as you want.

The benefit of investing through super is
that firstly, it's a long-term investment

for most people. It means you pick and
choose, you pick a fund or a plan that

suits your personality trait, you make 
those contributions, you can make extra

contributions, and because you can't 
access the money generally until you're

60, you get the benefit of compounding
interest, without disturbing those

investments. So the next steps for you.

Try out investment planning tool to help
determine what investment vehicle you

should be in. You might be a conservative 
person, that might just mean simply,

you need to take a less aggressive option
with your investment.

However, if you understand that over the
long-term, and you understand that the

ups and downs with investments might
provide you with greater outcomes,

you might decide to go with more growth
orientated options.

You can change as your personality changes,
as your timeframes change for retirement.

You can review your investment choice 
through the member online facility,

go to the GESB website, top right-hand 
corner you can log-on to member online,

you can do it as often as you want.

Also read the quarterly investment updates
on our website, so that you get a better

understanding of how investments actually
work, rather than just listening to the

news, rather than your sister-in-law,
or indeed your friends because without

any disrespect intended, most of us aren't
investment gurus, we hear things through

the news, we hear things through friends.

Get it from the horse's mouth, read the
updates, we want you to be as informed

as you can and you make those key
decisions. You can also try our

contributions calculator, so on the GESB 
website, right-hand side roughly half-way

down, there's a section called
'calculators', within that there

is the investments tool, but there are
also tools about showing you how much

your contributions could be into your
super, there are also calculators about

the time and planning. How much difference
will contributions make into your super

over the long-term.

Have a look at them, they're very 
worthwhile.

What should you be being next?
Well maybe contact at GESB if you need to.

Now this is a recorded session so I won't
be taking any questions, but please feel

free to contact at GESB on working days
Monday to Friday between 7:30am and 5:30pm

by calling 13 43 72, which just happens to
be 13 GESB. So 13 43 72. You can also use

the live chat on the GESB website between 
the hours of 7:30am and 5:15pm, or you

can contact us through the website. If you
found this somewhat useful, you can go

back and watch this webinar at your
leisure, it is being recorded, and if

you've got any questions, contact GESB 
directly. We'll be updating this webinar

probably at the beginning of the next 
financial year, and there are many other

webinars available on the GESB website. 
In the meantime, my name is Brad Zaknich,

thank you very much for logging in, 
we hope you enjoyed this recorded webinar.