[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine that one day,\Nyou're summoned before a government panel.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even though you haven't \Ncommitted any crime,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or been formally charged with one,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you are repeatedly questioned\Nabout your political views,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,accused of disloyalty,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and asked to incriminate your friends\Nand associates.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you don't cooperate,\Nyou risk jail or losing your job.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is exactly what happened in\Nthe United States in the 1950s
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as part of a campaign to expose\Nsuspected communists.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Named after its most \Nnotorious practitioner,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the phenomenon known as McCarthyism\Ndestroyed thousands of lives and careers.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For over a decade, American political \Nleaders trampled democratic freedoms
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the name of protecting them.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During the 1930s and 1940s,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there had been an active but small\Ncommunist party in the United States.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its record was mixed.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While it played crucial roles in wider \Nprogressive struggles
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for labor and Civil Rights,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it also supported the Soviet Union.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the start, the American \NCommunist Party faced attacks
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from conservatives and business leaders,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well as from liberals who criticized\Nits ties to the oppressive Soviet regime.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During World War II, when the USA\Nand USSR were allied against Hitler,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some American communists actually\Nspied for the Russians.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the Cold War escalated\Nand this espionage became known,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,domestic communism came to be seen\Nas a threat to national security.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the attempt to eliminate that threat
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,soon turned into the longest lasting\Nand most widespread episode
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of political repression \Nin American history.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Spurred on by a network of bureaucrats,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,politicans,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,journalists,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and businessmen,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the campaign widely exaggerated\Nthe danger of communist subversion.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The people behind it harassed anyone
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suspected of holding \Nleft-of-center political views
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or associating with those who did.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you hung modern art on your walls,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had a multiracial social circle,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or signed petitions against\Nnuclear weapons,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you might just have been a communist.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Starting in the lat 1940s,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used the resources of his agency\Nto hunt down such supposed communists
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and eliminate them from any\Nposition of influence
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within American society.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the narrow criteria that Hoover\Nand his allies used
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to screen federal employees
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spread to the rest of the country.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Soon, Hollywood studios,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,universities,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,car manufacturers,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and thousands of other public\Nand private employers
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were imposing the same political tests\Non the men and women who worked or them.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Meanwhile, Congress conducted \Nits own witchhunt
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,subpoenaing hundreds of people\Nto testify before investigative bodies
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like the House Unamerican \NActivities Committee.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If they refused to cooperate,\Nthey could be jailed for contempt,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or more commonly, fired and blacklisted.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ambitious politicians, like Richard Nixon
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Joseph McCarthy
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used such hearings as a partisan weapon
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,accusing democrats \Nof being soft on communism
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and deliberately using China\Nto the Communist Bloc.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,McCarthy, a republican senator \Nfrom Wisconsin
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,became notorious by flaunting\Never-changing lists of alleged communists
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within the State Department.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Egged on by other politicians,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he continued to make \Noutrageous accusations
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by distorting or fabricating evidence.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many citizens reviled McCarthy\Nwhile others praised him.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when the Korean War broke out,\NMcCarthy seemed vindicated.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once he became chair
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Senate's permanent subcommittee\Non investigations in 1953,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,McCarthy recklessness increased.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was his investigation of the army that \Nfinally turned public opinion against him
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and diminished his power.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,McCarthy's colleagues \Nin the Senate censured him
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he died less than three years later,\Nprobably from alcoholism.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,McCarthyism ended as well.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It had ruined hundreds, \Nif not thousands, of lives
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and drastically narrowed the American\Npolitical spectrum.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its damage to democratic institutions\Nwould be long lasting.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In all likelihood, there were both\Ndemocrats and republicans
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who knew that the anti-communist\Npurges were deeply unjust
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but feared that directly opposing them\Nwould hurt their careers.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even the Supreme Court failed\Nto stop the witchhunt,