[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:01.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Instructor] Hello readers.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.02,0:00:03.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's play detective, shall we?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.39,0:00:06.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My mama always told me not\Nto jump to conclusions,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.24,0:00:09.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that's essentially what\Nthe skill of inference is.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.60,0:00:10.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not really a guess.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.83,0:00:13.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's combining what you already know
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.20,0:00:14.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with what's in front of you
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.40,0:00:16.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and drawing conclusions from there.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.68,0:00:18.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's filling in the gaps.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.66,0:00:22.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So look, I can look at\Nthis shape with gaps in it,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.05,0:00:23.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and based on what the shape suggest
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.97,0:00:25.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and based on what I already know,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.56,0:00:28.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can say I'm pretty\Nsure that's an elephant.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.62,0:00:31.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I do that, I'm making an inference.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.62,0:00:33.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what we're gonna\Ntalk about in this video.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.57,0:00:34.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not just making an inference,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.74,0:00:36.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but going back and supporting
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.60,0:00:39.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that inference with evidence.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.06,0:00:40.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is an essential skill.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.65,0:00:42.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Knowing how to read between the lines
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.48,0:00:45.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can help you make sense of\Nwhat's missing in a text,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.60,0:00:47.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of what's being left unsaid,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.49,0:00:51.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or maybe even to figure\Nout if someone is lying.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.81,0:00:55.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me set up an example, a\Nlittle locked room mystery.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.41,0:00:57.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was a mouse hole\Nin the wall of a kitchen.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.93,0:01:01.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a heavy glass jar\Nfull of lovingly baked cookies
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.23,0:01:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a heavy glass lid still on the jar.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.68,0:01:07.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An hour ago, there were\Na dozen cookies in there,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.32,0:01:10.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and now there are only six.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.56,0:01:12.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the jar across the floor
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.44,0:01:14.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the mouse hole in the wall,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.16,0:01:17.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is a trail of cookie crumbs.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.10,0:01:18.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The question readers is, therefore,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.96,0:01:21.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who took the cookies?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.56,0:01:24.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The answer is not a mouse.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.60,0:01:26.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A mouse did not take the cookies.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.43,0:01:27.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a things to set up.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.48,0:01:28.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a frame job.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.47,0:01:29.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do I know that?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.85,0:01:30.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The lid.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.99,0:01:33.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Based on my background\Nknowledge about mice,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.54,0:01:36.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't think a mouse\Nwould've been able to lift
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.57,0:01:40.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and replace the heavy\Nglass lid of the jar.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.20,0:01:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe if we knew a person\Nhad left the lid off the jar,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.23,0:01:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the mouse would still be a suspect.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.00,0:01:47.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I can infer from the evidence I see
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.22,0:01:48.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my background knowledge
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.90,0:01:50.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that someone else took six cookies
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.88,0:01:53.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and left it incriminating\Ncookie crumb trail
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.13,0:01:55.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that led to the doorstep\Nof an innocent mouse.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.20,0:01:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when I am defending\Nthis mouse in court,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.30,0:01:59.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I will point to the lid as evidence
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.55,0:02:02.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in support of my inference.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.07,0:02:02.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's do this again.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.94,0:02:04.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I'll give you a chunk of text
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.71,0:02:06.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to look at and then you'll get the chance
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.96,0:02:09.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make your own inferences.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.69,0:02:11.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here is the first introduction
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.79,0:02:15.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Agatha Christie's fictional\Ndetective Hercule Poirot.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.38,0:02:18.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The narrator describes Poirot.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.44,0:02:21.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Poirot was an extraordinary\Nlooking little man.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.36,0:02:23.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was hardly more than\Nfive feet, four inches,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.70,0:02:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but carried himself with a great dignity.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.52,0:02:28.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His head was exactly the shape of an egg,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.74,0:02:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he always perched\Nit a little on one side.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.56,0:02:34.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His mustache was very stiff and military.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.89,0:02:37.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The neatness of his attire\Nwas almost incredible.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.71,0:02:39.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe the speck of\Ndust would've caused him
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.81,0:02:41.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more pain than a bullet wound.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.40,0:02:45.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet, as a detective, his\Nflare had been extraordinary,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.06,0:02:47.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he had achieved\Ntriumphs by unraveling some
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.67,0:02:50.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the most baffling cases of the day.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.13,0:02:53.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for you, I have a\Nquestion now, readers.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.10,0:02:54.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Based on this description,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.48,0:02:58.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what personality traits\Ndo you think Poirot
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.08,0:03:02.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has that make him good\Nat solving mysteries?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.07,0:03:03.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll put on some music,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.30,0:03:06.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you can take this time to\Npause the video and discuss.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.99,0:03:08.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll meet back here and I'll show you
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.85,0:03:09.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to answer this question
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.96,0:03:12.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by making some informed inferences.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.34,0:03:14.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(upbeat music)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.05,0:03:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, let's go through it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.62,0:03:28.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what traits does\NPoirot have that make him
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.35,0:03:29.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,good at solving mysteries?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.61,0:03:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the words I'd\Nuse to describe Poirot
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.10,0:03:35.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are fussy or detail-oriented.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.52,0:03:36.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do I know that?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.72,0:03:38.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's go to the text.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.58,0:03:40.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He carries himself with great dignity.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.68,0:03:41.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's proud of his appearance.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.85,0:03:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He has this stiff little mustache.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.80,0:03:46.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"The neatness of his attire
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.32,0:03:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was almost incredible."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.18,0:03:51.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is to say, literally\Nincredible, unbelievable.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.42,0:03:54.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His clothes were so neat, unbelievably so
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.90,0:03:56.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the point where a speck of dust
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.46,0:03:59.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would hurt him like a bullet hurt someone.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.37,0:04:01.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All those details lead me to conclude
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.86,0:04:03.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he notices little things.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.93,0:04:05.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have to notice the little things
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.67,0:04:07.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you're going to keep yourself so neat.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.92,0:04:10.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So exquisitely tidy and free of dust,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.83,0:04:14.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a spectacular attention to detail.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.13,0:04:16.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can infer that that's\Nthe personality trait
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.41,0:04:18.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that leads him to notice things
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.30,0:04:20.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other people wouldn't notice,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.31,0:04:22.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and makes him such a great detective.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.89,0:04:25.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As you read, it's\Nimportant to keep checking
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.05,0:04:26.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for text evidence that supports
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.55,0:04:29.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or discredits your initial inferences.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.19,0:04:31.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes they'll be\Nwrong, sometimes right.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.59,0:04:33.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But usually the rest of the text
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.63,0:04:34.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will help you determine that.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.89,0:04:38.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, do I suspect that\Nyou or I or any of us
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.31,0:04:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are likely to become\Nmystery solving sleuths?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.24,0:04:44.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, yes, actually I do.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.07,0:04:46.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I just think it'll be through the skill
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.38,0:04:48.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of inference in your reading practice
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.39,0:04:50.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not through solving murders.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.43,0:04:52.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Though from the evidence presented,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.47,0:04:54.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wouldn't rule out that possibility.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.07,0:04:58.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can learn anything, David, out.