[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.71,0:00:38.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ellen Støkken Dahl:\NThe first myth is about blood.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.46,0:00:43.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It tells us that the hymen\Nbreaks and bleeds
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.16,0:00:46.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first time a woman has vaginal sex.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.04,0:00:50.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words, if there is no blood\Non the sheets afterwards,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.76,0:00:53.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then the woman was simply not a virgin.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.96,0:00:59.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second myth is a logical\Nconsequence of the first.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.86,0:01:03.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since the hymen is thought\Nto break and bleed,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.56,0:01:07.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people also believe\Nthat it actually disappears
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.29,0:01:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or is in some way radically altered\Nduring a woman's first intercourse.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.04,0:01:15.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If that were true,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.22,0:01:21.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one would easily be able to determine\Nif a woman is a virgin or not
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.99,0:01:24.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by examining her genitals,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.18,0:01:26.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by doing a virginity check.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.29,0:01:30.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NDB: So that's our two myths:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.12,0:01:31.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,virgins bleed,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.79,0:01:33.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and hymens are lost forever.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.30,0:01:38.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, this may sound\Nlike a minor issue to you.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.48,0:01:40.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why should you care
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.10,0:01:44.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about an obscure little skin fold\Non the female body?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.82,0:01:49.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the truth is,\Nthis is about so much more
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.05,0:01:51.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than an anatomical misunderstanding.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.19,0:01:57.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The myths about the hymen\Nhave lived on for centuries
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.19,0:01:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they have cultural significance.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.54,0:02:03.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have been used as a powerful tool
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.47,0:02:06.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the effort to control women's sexuality
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.71,0:02:11.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in about every culture,\Nreligion and historical decade.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.70,0:02:15.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Women are still mistrusted,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.05,0:02:17.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shamed,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.43,0:02:18.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,harmed
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.63,0:02:22.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, in the worst cases,\Nsubjected to honor killings
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.15,0:02:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they don't bleed\Non their wedding night.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.49,0:02:31.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Other women are forced\Nthrough degrading virginity checks,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.17,0:02:34.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simply to obtain a job,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.59,0:02:36.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to save their reputation
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.62,0:02:38.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to get married.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.37,0:02:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ESD: Like in Indonesia,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.30,0:02:46.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where women are systematically examined\Nto enter military service.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.34,0:02:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After the Egyptian uprisings in 2011,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.95,0:02:56.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a group of female protesters were forced\Nto undergo virginity checks
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.25,0:02:57.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by their military.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.94,0:03:03.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Oslo, doctors are examining\Nthe hymens of young girls
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.90,0:03:08.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to reassure parents\Nthat their children are not ruined.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.62,0:03:11.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And sadly, the list goes on.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.53,0:03:17.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Women are so afraid not to live up to\Nthe myths about the hymen
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.85,0:03:22.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they choose to use\Ndifferent virginity quick fixes
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.33,0:03:23.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to assure a bleeding.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.95,0:03:26.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That could be plastic surgery,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.88,0:03:28.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,known as "revirgination,"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.97,0:03:32.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it could be vials of blood\Npoured on the sheets after sex
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.89,0:03:36.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or fake hymens bought online,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.23,0:03:38.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,complete with theater blood
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.09,0:03:42.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a promise to "kiss your deep,\Ndark secret goodbye."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.44,0:03:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NDB: By telling girls\Nthat no deed can be kept secret,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.56,0:03:55.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that their bodies\Nwill reveal them no matter what,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.90,0:03:58.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have endowed them with fear.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.07,0:04:02.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Girls are afraid of ruining themselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.98,0:04:04.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either through sport,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.79,0:04:05.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,play,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.96,0:04:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tampon use
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.14,0:04:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a sexual activity.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.66,0:04:13.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have curtailed their opportunities\Nand their freedoms.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.21,0:04:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's time we put an end\Nto the virginity fraud.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.28,0:04:21.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's time we break the myths\Nabout the hymen
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.28,0:04:22.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once and for all.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.27,0:04:26.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ESD: We are medical students,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.39,0:04:28.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sexual health workers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.28,0:04:31.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the authors\Nof "The Wonder Down Under."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.80,0:04:33.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.60,0:04:37.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a popular science book\Nabout the female genitals.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.85,0:04:40.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in our experience,\Npeople seem to believe
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.72,0:04:45.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the hymen is some kind of a seal\Ncovering the vaginal opening.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.16,0:04:49.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Norwegian, it is even called\N"the virgin membrane."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.38,0:04:53.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And with this,\Nwe picture something fragile,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.41,0:04:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something easily destructible,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.26,0:04:58.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something you can rip through,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.74,0:05:01.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps like a sheet of plastic wrapping.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.04,0:05:06.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You may have wondered\Nwhy we brought a hula hoop onstage today.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.84,0:05:08.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll show you.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.47,0:05:12.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.10,0:05:17.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, it is very hard to hide
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.97,0:05:20.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that something has happened\Nto this hoop, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.44,0:05:24.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is different\Nbefore and after I punched it.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.04,0:05:27.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The seal is broken,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.59,0:05:29.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and unless we change the plastic,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.37,0:05:31.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it won't get back to its intact state.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.68,0:05:36.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if we wanted to do a virginity check\Non this hoop right here,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.98,0:05:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right now,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.27,0:05:39.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would be very easy.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.83,0:05:46.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's easy to say that this hoop\Nis not a virgin anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.24,0:05:48.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.18,0:05:52.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NDB: But the hymen\Nis nothing like a piece of plastic
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.63,0:05:54.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can wrap around your food,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.66,0:05:55.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a seal.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.46,0:05:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact ...
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.44,0:06:02.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's more like this --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.61,0:06:05.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a scrunchie or a rubber band.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.44,0:06:11.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The hymen is a rim of tissue\Nat the outer opening of the vagina.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.10,0:06:15.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And usually, it has a doughnut\Nor a half-moon shape
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.42,0:06:18.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a large, central hole.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.86,0:06:21.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this varies a lot,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.33,0:06:24.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sometimes hymens can have fringes,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.79,0:06:26.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it can have several holes,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.18,0:06:29.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or it can consist of lobes.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.70,0:06:35.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words, hymens\Nnaturally vary a lot in looks,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.49,0:06:39.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that is what makes it so hard\Nto do a virginity check.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.61,0:06:45.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ESD: Now that we know a bit more\Nabout the hymen's anatomy,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.18,0:06:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's time to get back to our two myths:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.24,0:06:49.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,virgins bleed,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.79,0:06:52.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hymens are lost forever.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.22,0:06:57.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the hymen doesn't\Nhave to break at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.68,0:07:02.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The hymen is like a scrunchie\Nin function as well as in looks.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.16,0:07:05.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you can stretch a scrunchie, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.81,0:07:07.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.45,0:07:10.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can stretch a hymen, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.67,0:07:14.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, it's very elastic.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.47,0:07:17.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for a lot of women,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.94,0:07:22.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the hymen will be elastic enough\Nto handle a vaginal intercourse
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.62,0:07:25.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without sustaining any damage.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.05,0:07:32.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For other women, the hymen may tear a bit\Nto make room for the penis,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.75,0:07:34.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that won't make it disappear.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.26,0:07:37.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it may look\Na bit different from before.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.36,0:07:41.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It naturally follows\Nthat you can't examine the hymen
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.86,0:07:43.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to check for virginity status.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.56,0:07:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was noted over 100 years ago in 1906
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.56,0:07:51.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the Norwegian doctor Marie Jeancet.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.43,0:07:56.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She examined a middle-aged sex worker
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.01,0:08:02.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and concluded that her genitalia\Nwere reminiscent of a teenage virgin.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.66,0:08:05.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that makes sense, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.61,0:08:09.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because if her hymen\Nwas never damaged during sex,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.77,0:08:12.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then what were we expecting to see?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.02,0:08:17.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ESD: Since hymens come\Nin every shape and form,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.10,0:08:19.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is difficult to know
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.51,0:08:24.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if a dent or a fold in it is there\Nbecause of previous damage
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.73,0:08:27.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or if it's just a normal\Nanatomical variant.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.28,0:08:32.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The absurdity of virgin testing
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.54,0:08:38.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is illustrated in a study\Ndone on 36 pregnant teenagers.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.82,0:08:42.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When doctors examined their hymens,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.34,0:08:45.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they could only find\Nclear signs of penetration
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.63,0:08:49.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in two out of the 36 girls.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.69,0:08:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So unless you believe\Nin 34 cases of virgin births --
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.26,0:08:57.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.29,0:08:59.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must all agree
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.92,0:09:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that also our second myth\Nhas taken a vital blow.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.26,0:09:08.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You simply cannot look a woman\Nbetween her legs
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.67,0:09:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and read her sexual story.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.81,0:09:20.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NDB: Like most myths,\Nthe myths about the hymen are untrue.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.39,0:09:26.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is no virgin seal\Nthat magically disappears after sex,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.93,0:09:31.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and half of virgins\Ncan easily have sex without bleeding.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.58,0:09:36.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We wish we could say\Nthat by removing these myths,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.94,0:09:38.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything would be OK,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.19,0:09:44.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that shame, harm and honor killings\Nwould all just disappear.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.75,0:09:47.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But of course, it's not that simple.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.60,0:09:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sexual oppression of women\Ncomes from something much deeper
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.24,0:09:58.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than a simple anatomical misunderstanding\Nabout the properties of the hymen.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.23,0:10:04.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a question of cultural and religious\Ncontrol of women's sexuality.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.99,0:10:07.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that is much harder to change.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.20,0:10:09.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we must try.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.72,0:10:15.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ESD: As medical professionals,\Nthis is our contribution.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.01,0:10:21.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want every girl, parent\Nand [future] husband to know
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.56,0:10:25.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what the hymen is and how it works.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.10,0:10:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want them to know
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.40,0:10:31.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the hymen can't be used\Nas a proof of virginity.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.34,0:10:36.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that way, we can remove\None of the most powerful tools
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.96,0:10:39.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used to control young women today.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.67,0:10:43.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After telling you this,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.49,0:10:47.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you may wonder what the alternative is,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.73,0:10:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for if we cannot use the hymen\Nas a proof of virginity for women,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.47,0:10:55.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then what should we use?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.63,0:11:00.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We opt for using nothing.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.88,0:11:02.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Cheering)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.89,0:11:04.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.07,0:11:08.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.33,0:11:14.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you really want to know\Nif a woman is a virgin or not,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.78,0:11:15.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ask her.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.96,0:11:17.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.45,0:11:22.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But how she answers\Nthat question is her choice.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.77,0:11:24.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.95,0:11:27.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.75,0:00:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nina Dølvik Brochmann:\NWe grew up believing
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.79,0:00:05.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the hymen is a proof of virginity.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.36,0:00:09.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it turns out, we were wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.06,0:00:11.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we discovered
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.49,0:00:15.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the popular story we're told\Nabout female virginity
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.21,0:00:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is based on two anatomical myths.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.37,0:00:25.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The truth has been known\Nin medical communities for over 100 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.25,0:00:32.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet somehow these two myths\Ncontinue to make life difficult
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.35,0:00:34.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for women around the world.