[Script Info] Title: [Events] Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.76,0:00:09.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What color do you see\Non the left side of the board? Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.04,0:00:11.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Blue. Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.57,0:00:14.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right. What color do you see\Non the right side of the board? Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.90,0:00:17.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Blue, light blue. Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.17,0:00:20.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter) Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.29,0:00:23.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, let's say this\Nis dark blue and light blue, Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.11,0:00:24.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does everyone agree? Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.31,0:00:25.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Yeah. Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.31,0:00:28.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, so what would you\Ncall them in general? Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.33,0:00:30.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Blue. Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.34,0:00:33.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right. Now, are there any people\Nwho speak Russian? Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.62,0:00:35.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah? Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.64,0:00:37.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Great. See a couple of hands. Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.96,0:00:42.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right, so what would you call\Nthe color on the on the left in Russian? Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.62,0:00:43.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cиний. Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.57,0:00:46.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what about the color on the right? Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.23,0:00:47.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Rолубой. Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.49,0:00:50.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Uh-huh. Now, what would\Nyou call them together? Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.37,0:00:54.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter) Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.81,0:00:56.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I got you trapped because in Russian Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.81,0:00:58.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can't call them together. Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.63,0:01:01.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Russian, you can't say just "blue." Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.24,0:01:03.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have to either say "синий," dark blue, Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.89,0:01:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or "голубой," light blue. Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.66,0:01:10.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I know that there are two or three\NArmenian speakers too, right? Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.13,0:01:13.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm giving you a sentence,\Nand you translate it to Armenian. Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.96,0:01:15.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I have an uncle." Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.17,0:01:17.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Whispers). Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.63,0:01:19.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, now Nana said "Ես քեռի ունեմ," Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.97,0:01:21.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but she's not correct. Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.69,0:01:24.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter) Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.59,0:01:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because "I have an uncle" can mean Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.16,0:01:29.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I have an uncle from my mother side," Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.20,0:01:31.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or "I have an uncle from my father side." Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.17,0:01:34.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What Nana said is "I have\Nan uncle from my mother side." Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.80,0:01:38.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I can say "Ես հորեղբայր ունեմ," Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.22,0:01:40.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which would mean "I have an uncle\Nfrom my father's side," Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.90,0:01:43.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that would also\Nbe a correct translation. Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.70,0:01:48.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Armenian, just like Russian\Ndoesn't allow you to say just "blue," Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.46,0:01:52.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Armenian doesn't allow you\Nto say just "uncle." Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.06,0:01:55.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have to specify what uncle\Nyou are talking about. Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.96,0:01:58.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are these differences in languages, Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.67,0:02:03.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but when I was reading "Harry Potter"\Nby J.K Rowling in Armenian, Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.70,0:02:06.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I generally understood\Nwhat was going on in the book, Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.72,0:02:08.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though it was a translation, Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.29,0:02:10.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though there were\Nthese differences in languages. Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.77,0:02:14.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I read the same book,\Nalmost the same book, Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.76,0:02:16.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as English people did. Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.68,0:02:21.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you might be wondering\Nwhy I was holding this ruler, right? Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.37,0:02:25.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, the reason is that translation\Nis like measurement. Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.68,0:02:29.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when you measure something,\Nlet's say it's 20 centimeters, Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.15,0:02:31.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but, most of us know that it's not 20. Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.87,0:02:35.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's 20 plus or minus 0.005. Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.25,0:02:37.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah. Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.25,0:02:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chemistry, physics, 10th grade. Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.95,0:02:41.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter) Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.63,0:02:43.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's very similar to translation. Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.92,0:02:47.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I read "Harry Potter,"\NI was also seeing the same 20 centimeters, Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.95,0:02:50.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there was this small uncertainty. Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.13,0:02:53.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because languages\Nare different for a reason, Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.59,0:02:57.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can't just move ideas between them\Nwithout losing something. Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.02,0:03:02.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I lost that 0.005, but it's so minor,\Nthat it doesn't really, really matter. Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.70,0:03:06.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But is there a case\Nwhere it's not just 0.005, Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.70,0:03:10.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's one centimeter\Nor maybe even 10? Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.74,0:03:14.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, do you think this person\Nover here is a boy or a girl? Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.24,0:03:16.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Girl. Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.96,0:03:19.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah, most of you said "girl,"\Nand you were correct. Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.19,0:03:21.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But - Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.47,0:03:25.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she's actually the main character\Nof Harper Lee's "To Kill a Mockingbird," Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.83,0:03:28.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when I was reading this book, Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.83,0:03:30.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was something really weird. Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.11,0:03:35.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't understand the gender\Nof the main character until about page 60, Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.86,0:03:38.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the author was only giving clues, Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.60,0:03:42.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the author was even\Nconfusing me by quotes like: Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.42,0:03:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I swear, Scout, sometimes you act\Nso much like a girl, it's mortifying." Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.65,0:03:50.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when you say, "You act so much\Nlike a girl it's mortifying," Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.20,0:03:53.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we understand that the person\Nis not supposed to act like a girl, right? Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.96,0:03:58.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or Scout was saying, "I beat him up\None time but he was real nice about it." Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.29,0:04:00.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beating up and girls? Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.59,0:04:04.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1960? They are miles away, really? Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.76,0:04:06.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter) Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.41,0:04:09.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's why the author\Nreally confused me, Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.16,0:04:11.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was thinking,\N"Maybe my English is too bad, Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.45,0:04:13.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe I don't understand\Nthis book correctly," Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.60,0:04:17.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but then I realized that this\Nis an essential part of the theme. Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.64,0:04:20.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because halfway through the book, Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.08,0:04:22.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this character comes\Nwhose name is Aunt Alexandra. Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.04,0:04:27.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she's Scout's aunt,\Nand she tries to make a girl out of Scout. Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.20,0:04:32.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So first in the book,\NScout identifies herself as just a child. Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.84,0:04:35.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not a girl, I'm not a boy,\Nbut just a child. Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.64,0:04:38.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then, Aunt Alexandra\Ntrains her into a girl, Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.47,0:04:41.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at the end of the [book],\Nyou can see Scout wearing dresses Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.71,0:04:44.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and drinking coffee\Nwith her auntie and her friends. Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.34,0:04:47.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So just like Scout reveals her gender, Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.80,0:04:49.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,discovers her gender, Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.26,0:04:52.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the reader does the same,\Nso we have the same journey Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.54,0:04:55.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the main character does,\Nwe really live with her. Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.89,0:04:58.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then, let's take a look\Nat this example: Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.07,0:05:02.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when I say, "Mariam went home"\Nin English, Russian, or Armenian, Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.15,0:05:06.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know that I'm talking about a girl,\Nbecause Mariam is the name of a girl. Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.01,0:05:10.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right, now let's change Mariam\Nwith a pronoun, with "she." Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.07,0:05:13.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"She went home," I know that it's a girl. Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.08,0:05:15.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Она пошла домой,"\NI know that it's a girl. Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.68,0:05:19.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when I say "Նա գնաց տուն,"\Nit's just a question mark, Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.17,0:05:22.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because in Armenian, as Nana\Nprobably knows, Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.06,0:05:27.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the pronoun "նա" represents\Nboth boys and girls. Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.53,0:05:31.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even if I really want to hide\Nthe gender of a person, Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.35,0:05:35.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I just give Mariam a nickname,\Nlet's say "Scout." Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.29,0:05:38.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So "Scout went home."\NI don't know if it's a boy or a girl. Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.94,0:05:41.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Մեձաչքանին գնաց տուն,"\NI still don't know. Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.58,0:05:45.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then when I say,\N"Глазастик пошла домой," Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.11,0:05:50.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Глазастик пошла домой, пошла домой,"\NI know that it's a girl. Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.16,0:05:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because, just like you can't say\Njust "go" in Russian, Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.81,0:05:56.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you cannot say just "went" in Russian, Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.55,0:05:58.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or just any verb in Russian. Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.50,0:06:03.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because you have to either say\N"пошёл," or "пошла." Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.38,0:06:06.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Пошёл" would be about boys,\Nand "пошла" would be about girls. Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.14,0:06:09.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when I want to translate\Nthis sentence into Russian, Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.28,0:06:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have to say "Я избил его,"\Nor "Я избилa его." Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.14,0:06:17.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, wait ... Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.29,0:06:21.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So does this mean that in Russian\Nyou cannot hide someone's gender? Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.44,0:06:22.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, it does. Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.84,0:06:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when I was reading\Nthe Russian book, guess what? Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.42,0:06:30.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The gender of Scout was revealed\Nsince the very first page. Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.78,0:06:33.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if I were to discuss this book Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.58,0:06:35.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with my Russian friend, Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.36,0:06:39.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who doesn't know about\Nthe "hiding of Scout's gender," Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.21,0:06:42.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we would have complete different\Nunderstandings of the book. Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.02,0:06:45.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's no longer 0.005 -\Nit's already a huge difference, Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.38,0:06:50.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because my friend didn't get\Nthat part of the theme that I did. Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.55,0:06:55.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is why reading\N"Harry Potter" in Armenian, Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.29,0:06:58.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and reading "To Kill a Mockingbird," Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.72,0:07:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Убить пересмешника, in Russian,\Nare a bit different. Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.02,0:07:06.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because even though there\Nare the differences in "Harry Potter" too, Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.42,0:07:08.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they don't matter so much. Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.71,0:07:11.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But Harper Lee decided\Nto use this uniqueness Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.87,0:07:17.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that English has and the opportunity\Nthat it gives her to convey a theme. Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.66,0:07:20.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when you read it in Russian, Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.53,0:07:23.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you don't really get the theme\Nthat she wanted to convey. Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.26,0:07:27.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another example of this\Nwould be "Room," by Emma Donoghue. Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.61,0:07:31.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But before going into the book,\NI want to tell you something. Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.37,0:07:35.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, this ruler would be\Nfeminine in Russian, Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.28,0:07:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's "линейка," Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.32,0:07:43.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if it finishes with "а,"\Nthen it's feminine, or with "я." Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.07,0:07:44.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's how Russian works. Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.40,0:07:46.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Spanish works the same way;\NGerman works the same way. Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.92,0:07:50.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These languages have a thing\Nthat's called "grammatical gender." Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.80,0:07:55.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this book, in "Room" by Emma Donoghue, Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.07,0:07:58.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a mother and her son are trapped\Nin a room for five years Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.58,0:08:02.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and her son has never seen the world\Noutside of the room, Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.28,0:08:05.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's logical to think\Nthat he should be a little bit weird. Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.83,0:08:08.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How is the weirdness\Nexpressed in the book? Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.59,0:08:09.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.60,0:08:14.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he thinks that all the objects\Naround him have genders. Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.32,0:08:17.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for example, this rug\Nwouldn't be just "it"; Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.60,0:08:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would be a "she." Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.32,0:08:24.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He has kind of a Russian mind,\Nbut it's really weird for English people, Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.22,0:08:26.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because when you say\N"rug, she" in English, Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.83,0:08:28.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then "rug" is personified. Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.21,0:08:31.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When he says, "We've been making\Nlabyrinth since I was two. Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.97,0:08:35.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's all toilet roll insides\Ntaped together in tunnels Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.34,0:08:36.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that twist lots of ways," Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.46,0:08:39.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now labyrinth is "she." Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.21,0:08:41.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fine. Now let's try\Nto translate this to Russian. Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.04,0:08:46.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all, "лабиринт" would be "he,"\Nbecause it finishes with the letter "т." Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.37,0:08:49.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that's not what really matters. Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.75,0:08:51.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can argue that it doesn't matter Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.96,0:08:55.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you think of labyrinth\Nas "she" or "he." Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.67,0:08:58.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The thing is that in Russian\Nit's completely natural Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.22,0:09:03.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to say that "лабиринт" is "he"\Nbecause that's what people do. Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.22,0:09:08.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the thing that is seen as weirdness\Nin English in Emma Donoghue's book Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.39,0:09:10.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is seen as a complete\Nnormal thing in Russian. Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.63,0:09:13.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is why I want to connect it Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.71,0:09:16.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to this thing that\NRoman Jakobson has said: Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.22,0:09:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Languages differ essentially\Nin what they must convey, Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.48,0:09:21.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not in what they may convey." Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.81,0:09:25.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in Russian, I must convey\Nthe gender of a person; Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.15,0:09:28.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Armenian, I must convey\Nthe side of my uncle. Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.96,0:09:31.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can't just hide it. Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.15,0:09:36.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now I have a question for you: Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.11,0:09:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it really the same book? Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.07,0:09:39.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you. Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.56,0:09:41.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause).