WEBVTT 00:00:02.000 --> 00:00:40.000 [MUSIC] 00:00:40.000 --> 00:00:47.000 WELCOME TO THE GEOSPATIAL REVOLUTION. IN A WORLD WHERE EVERYBODY IS TEXTING, 00:00:47.000 --> 00:00:53.000 GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY IS CRITICAL TO UNDERSTANDING WHAT'S HAPPENING AT A PARTICULAR LOCATION. 00:00:53.000 --> 00:00:57.000 -IT'S THE SPEED OF THE INTERNET. IT'S THE CAPABILITY OF REMOTE SENSING SATELLITES. 00:00:57.000 --> 00:01:03.000 IT'S SOFTWARE LIKE GOOGLE EARTH. TAKEN ALL TOGETHER, YOU HAVE AN EXPLOSION IN THE WAY WE VIEW THE EARTH. 00:01:03.000 --> 00:01:10.000 EVERYBODY IS SOMEWHERE, EVERYTHING IS SOMEPLACE. AND A MAP IS A WAY OF ORGANIZING ALL OF THAT INFORMATION. 00:01:10.000 --> 00:01:17.000 IT'S INFORMATION FROM AIRCRAFT, FROM SATELLITES, IT CAN BE COLLECTION OF INFORMATION FROM A TOWER THAT YOU'VE SET UP. 00:01:17.000 --> 00:01:21.000 WE'VE BEEN USING MAPS FOR HUNDREDS AND HUNDREDS OF YEARS TO KNOW WHERE WE ARE. 00:01:21.000 --> 00:01:25.000 NOW THAT NICE LADY TELLS ME WHICH WAY TO TURN. 00:01:25.000 --> 00:01:28.000 TURN RIGHT THEN TURN LEFT. 00:01:28.000 --> 00:01:35.000 VIRTUALLY ALL OF THE INFORMATION THAT YOU'RE SHARING WITH ANYBODY THESE DAYS HAS SOME KIND OF GEOSPATIAL TAG ON IT. 00:01:35.000 --> 00:01:42.000 IT'S REALLY THE HUMAN ELEMENT. THERE'S BASICALLY THIS ENTIRE INFORMATION ECOSYSTEM THAT WE HAVE ACCESS TO NOW. 00:01:42.000 --> 00:01:49.000 I CAN RECEIVE INFORMATION. I CAN TRANSMIT INFORMATION. I CAN BROADCAST MY LOCATION AND THAT IS REVOLUTIONARY. 00:01:49.000 --> 00:01:57.000 IT'S AMAZING. IT'S CUTTING EDGE. IT'S -- WELL, CHANGING THE WORLD. 00:02:05.000 --> 00:02:09.000 IN 1/10 MILE, TURN RIGHT AT STOP SIGN. 00:02:09.000 --> 00:02:14.000 SOME PEOPLE CALL THIS A GPS. IT'S NOT. IT'S A GPS RECEIVER. 00:02:14.000 --> 00:02:19.000 IT IS, I THINK IT'S FAIR TO SAY, A MIRACLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 00:02:19.000 --> 00:02:25.000 IT'S ABLE TO COLLECT SIGNALS FROM GLOBAL POSITIONING SATELLITES FAR UP IN SPACE. 00:02:25.000 --> 00:02:31.000 EACH ONE OF THEM IS EVERY MOMENT OF EVERY DAY SAYING THIS IS THE LOCATION I'M AT IN ORBIT AROUND THE EARTH. 00:02:31.000 --> 00:02:39.000 IF YOU KNOW WHERE YOU ARE WITH RESPECT TO THREE SATELLITE POINTS, YOU CAN USE MATHEMATICS TO DETERMINE WHERE YOU MUST BE ON THE FACE OF THE EARTH. 00:02:39.000 --> 00:02:45.000 THERE ARE MILLIONS OF COORDINATES ENCODED IN THIS BOX. 00:02:45.000 --> 00:02:46.000 RECALCULATING. 00:02:46.000 --> 00:02:51.000 AND IT CAN TAKE THOSE COORDINATES AND RENDER A MAP ON THE SCREEN FOR YOU. 00:02:51.000 --> 00:02:59.000 TURN LEFT ON WHITEHALL ROAD. THEN TURN LEFT IN .3 MILES. 00:02:59.000 --> 00:03:02.000 WHERE DO ALL THOSE COORDINATES COME FROM? WHERE DO THOSE STREETS COME FROM? 00:03:02.000 --> 00:03:12.000 LOTS AND LOTS OF PEOPLE DRIVING SPECIAL CARS, CONTINUOUSLY, UP AND DOWN EVERY SINGLE ROAD AND DIGITIZING 00:03:12.000 --> 00:03:18.000 THOSE ROADS INTO A DATABASE THAT THEN CAN BE DOWNLOADED INTO THIS LITTLE BOX. 00:03:24.000 --> 00:03:31.000 THERE'S NOTHING NEW ABOUT MAPPING. YOU CAN IMAGINE WITHOUT BEING ABLE TO TALK, SOMEBODY SHOWING YOU WHERE YOU ARE GOING. 00:03:31.000 --> 00:03:37.000 AND DRAW A LINE SHOWING WHERE THE RIVER IS. AND AN X WHERE THEY ARE NOW AND AN X WHERE THEY'RE GOING TO GO. 00:03:38.000 --> 00:03:41.000 VIEWING THE EARTH IS REALLY BEEN BASED ON TECHNOLOGY. 00:03:41.000 --> 00:03:46.000 THE BABYLONIANS ETCHED THE WAY OF THE LAND ON CLAY TABLETS IN 2300 BC. 00:03:46.000 --> 00:03:53.000 AND THEN IN THE 15TH CENTURY WITH THE ADVENT OF PRINTING, THEY STARTED MAKING MAPS USING WOODEN BLOCKS. 00:03:55.000 --> 00:04:05.000 SURVEYORS WOULD MAP BY MAKING MEASUREMENTS IN FRONT OF THEM TO A REFERENCE POINT AND THEN BACK BEHIND TO THE REFERENCE POINT THEY HAD JUST PASSED. 00:04:05.000 --> 00:04:11.000 THAT INFORMATION HAD TO BE TRANSCRIBED INTO A MAP. 00:04:12.000 --> 00:04:17.000 FROM IN THE AIR, IT'S AS IF WE SENT OUT THOUSANDS OF SURVEYORS ALL AT ONCE. 00:04:17.000 --> 00:04:24.000 REMOTELY SENSE DATA PROVIDES HIGHLY ACCURATE MEASUREMENTS OF THE EARTH AND THE FEATURES UPON IT. 00:04:24.000 --> 00:04:34.000 WE RELY ON SATELLITES FOR PICUTRES OF THE EARTH, FOR COMMUNICATIONS, FOR NAVIGATION, FOR WEATHER. 00:04:34.000 --> 00:04:38.000 GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY HAS BECOME WOVEN THROUGHOUT THE FABRIC OF HOW WE LIVE. 00:04:40.000 --> 00:04:45.000 ABOUT 50 YEARS AGO, PEOPLE CAME ALONG AND STARTED BUILDING ON BIG OLD MAINFRAMES. 00:04:45.000 --> 00:04:56.000 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS WHICH WOULD INTEGRATE ON A MAP INFORMATION ABOUT CULTURE, ABOUT POPULATION, ABOUT THE DEMOGRAPHICS, ABOUT PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT. 00:04:56.000 --> 00:05:00.000 GIS ALLOWS US TO BRING IT ALL TOGETHER. 00:05:00.000 --> 00:05:07.000 I USED THE FIRST COMMERCIAL GPS RECEIVER, TOOK TWO MEN TO CARRY IT. OUR ANTENNA WAS A METER SQUARE PIECE OF ALUMINUM. 00:05:07.000 --> 00:05:12.000 WE HAD TO HAVE A GENERATOR FOR IT AND MASSIVE BATTERIES. 00:05:13.000 --> 00:05:21.000 THE CENSUS BUREAU IN THE UNITED STATES, NEEDED TO CAPTURE ALL OF THE LINE WORK FOR ROADS, RAILROADS, HYDROGRAPHY, AND THEN BOUNDARIES. 00:05:21.000 --> 00:05:28.000 THAT FORMED THE BASIS OF THE FIRST TIGER FILES IN THE LATE 1980S, IN SUPPORT OF THE 1990 CENSUS. 00:05:28.000 --> 00:05:35.000 TIGER WAS INIMPENSE* TO TECHNOLOGICAL LIKE MAPQUEST, YAHOO, AND FOLLOWED BY GOOGLE. 00:05:36.000 --> 00:05:46.000 GOOGLE EARTH INTRODUCED PEOPLE TO THE COOLNESS OF PLACE. I AM HERE WHERE'S THE NEAREST STARBUCKS OR WHERE'S THE NEAREST HOSPITAL? 00:05:48.000 --> 00:05:58.000 NOW WE'RE ALL CARRYING AROUND GPS. WE'VE GOT REALLY RICH INTERFACES THAT ALLOW US TO DO THINGS THAT WE WOULD ONLY IMAGINE, PREVIOUSLY. 00:06:01.000 --> 00:06:04.000 ON A MOBILE DEVICE, YOU ARE THE CENTER OF THE MAP AND THE CITY IS AROUND YOU. 00:06:04.000 --> 00:06:08.000 NOT YOU SEE A CITY AND LOOK FOR YOURSELF ON THE MAP. IT'S PUTTING YOU IN THE MAP. 00:06:14.000 --> 00:06:19.000 SAY YOU FIND YOURSELF IN A LOCATION THAT YOU DON'T KNOW VERY WELL. 00:06:19.000 --> 00:06:28.000 YOU MIGHT WANT TO FIND A PLACE TO HAVE DINNER. WELL WHAT PLACES ARE AROUND AND WHICH PLACES HAVE OTHER PEOPLE RATED VERY HIGHLY? 00:06:29.000 --> 00:06:35.000 MAYBE YOU WANT A PARTICULAR KIND OF FOOD WITHIN A FIFTEEN MINUTE WALK. 00:06:35.000 --> 00:06:42.000 I'VE GOT, NOT ONLY A RESTARAUNT BUT I'VE GOT THE MAP. I CAN FIND THE REVIEWS OF IT. 00:06:42.000 --> 00:06:45.000 I CAN FIND OUT WHAT THE MENU IS. 00:06:45.000 --> 00:06:49.000 WE'RE MOVING AWAY FROM ME HAVING TO ACTIVELY SEARCH FOR SOMETHING. 00:06:49.000 --> 00:06:55.000 TO NOW, SEARCH IS TELLING ME WHAT I SHOULD CHECK OUT THAT MIGHT BE INTERESTING TO ME. 00:06:56.000 --> 00:07:00.000 THESE ARE THE THINGS WHERE LOCATION AND SEARCH START TO COME TOGETHER. 00:07:08.000 --> 00:07:17.000 WE'RE BECOMING INDIVIDUAL SENSORS. WE'RE CREATING THIS HUGE SENSOR NETWORK OF PEOPLE HOLDING THESE MOBILE DEVICES. 00:07:17.000 --> 00:07:22.000 AND THAT INFORMATION IS TWO-WAY. 00:07:22.000 --> 00:07:27.000 IT'S NOT JUST PASSIVE COLLECTION, LISTEN TO YOUR GPS TECHNOLOGY TELL WHERE, HOW TO GET TO SOMEPLACE. 00:07:27.000 --> 00:07:33.000 YOU'RE GOING TO SAY, WAIT A MINUTE. I SEE A PROBLEM. I WANT TO REPORT THAT PROBLEM. 00:07:33.000 --> 00:07:38.000 I WANT TO SEE THAT SOMEONE'S GOING TO RESPOND TO THAT. 00:07:44.000 --> 00:07:51.000 WE WERE PLAYING BASKETBALL. WE SEE LIKE THE GROUND KEEP ON MOVING. I SAW A LOT OF PEOPLE, SOME OF THEM DIEING 00:07:51.000 --> 00:07:56.000 LIKE THE CEILING LIKE KILL THEM. 00:07:57.000 --> 00:08:03.000 I HAVE BOTH EXTENDED FAMILY MEMBERS AND CLOSE FAMILY MEMBERS WHO LIVE IN HAITI. 00:08:03.000 --> 00:08:08.000 AND THE FIRST REACTION WAS MORE LIKE SURREAL, IS THIS REALLY HAPPENING? 00:08:09.000 --> 00:08:17.000 WE NEEDED TO KNOW WHERE WE COULD GO IN, AND SO WE USED GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY TO PREPARE THE AREA WITH INFORMATION BEFORE WE EVEN GOT THERE. 00:08:17.000 --> 00:08:27.000 APPROXIMATELY 2/3 OF THE CELL TOWERS STAYED ACTIVE AND AID WORKERS AND HAITIAN NATIONALS WERE POSTING INFORMATION SAYING THAT THEY NEEDED HELP. 00:08:27.000 --> 00:08:35.000 I WAS WATCHING CNN AND IMMEDIATELY CALLED OUR USHAHIDI TECH LEAD IN ATLANTA AND TOLD HIM THAT WE REALLY NEED TO MOVE 00:08:35.000 --> 00:08:39.000 AND SET UP A USHAHIDI PLATFORM FOR HAITI. 00:08:40.000 --> 00:08:44.000 USHAHIDI IS A OPEN PLATFORM FOR CROWD SOURCE FOR CRISIS INFORMATION. 00:08:44.000 --> 00:08:52.000 BASICALLY THAT MEANS YOU ARE FOLLOWING THE LOCAL MEDIA, TWITTER, FACEBOOK, TEXT MESSAGES, ANY SOURCE OF INFORMATION YOU CAN GET. 00:08:52.000 --> 00:08:59.000 ONCE YOU AGGREGATE THIS INFORMATION, YOU MAP IT. YOU HAVE A REAL TIME PICTURE OF THE ACTUAL SITUATION ON THE GROUND. 00:08:59.000 --> 00:09:04.000 THIS INFORMATION CAN BE USED BY RESCUE WORKERS OR ANYONE. 00:09:04.000 --> 00:09:08.000 WITH AN USHAHIDI PLATFORM, YOU CAN DECIDE WHAT KIND OF MAP YOU WANT TO USE. 00:09:08.000 --> 00:09:12.000 OPEN STREET MAP USES CROWD SOURCING TO DO STREET MAPPING. AND WITHIN A FEW DAYS, 00:09:12.000 --> 00:09:17.000 OPEN STREET MAP HAD THE MOST DETAILED MAP OF HAITI THAT WAS AVAILABLE. 00:09:17.000 --> 00:09:23.000 THERE WERE MAPS OF HAITI BEFORE THE EARTHQUAKE, BUT THEY JUST WEREN'T UP TO DATE ANYMORE. 00:09:23.000 --> 00:09:28.000 SO PEOPLE STARTED USING DONATED SATELLITE IMAGERY TO TRACE AN OPEN STREET MAP, 00:09:28.000 --> 00:09:32.000 COLLAPSED BUILDINGS, CLINICS, HOSPITALS. 00:09:32.000 --> 00:09:41.000 WITHIN A WEEK OR SO, WE HAD TRAINED OVER A HUNDRED INDIVIDUALS AT TUFTS UNIVERSITY TO MAP THE INCIDENTS AND THE ALERTS. 00:09:41.000 --> 00:09:50.000 AND THEN A TEXT NUMBER, 4636 WAS SET UP FOR REPORTING. 00:09:51.000 --> 00:09:59.000 BUT THESE TEXT MESSAGES WERE ALL GOING TO BE IN CREOL. SO WE STARTED GETTING AS MANY CREOL SPEAKING VOLUNTEERS AS POSSIBLE. 00:10:00.000 --> 00:10:07.000 I FOUND OUT ABOUT THE 4636 EFFORT THROUGH A FRIEND OF MINE. SO I GOT ONLINE, STARTED GETTING INVOLVED. 00:10:07.000 --> 00:10:13.000 BASICALLY STAYING UP LATE AFTER PUTTING THE KIDS TO BED, TRY TO TRANSLATE AS MANY TEXT MESSAGES AS I COULD. 00:10:14.000 --> 00:10:17.000 OUR TOP PRIORITY IS PROGRAMS. THIS GUYS HAS GOT TRANSLATIONS. 00:10:17.000 --> 00:10:27.000 THERE WAS THIS ENERGY. PEOPLE FROM BASICALLY ALL OVER THE WORLD CREATING THIS SORT OF LIKE SUPPORT SYSTEM OVER THE INTERNET. 00:10:28.000 --> 00:10:34.000 A SOCCER STADIUM WAS SERVING AS A CAMP FOR DISPLACED PERSONS. 00:10:34.000 --> 00:10:43.000 BUT WE DIDN'T KNOW IT WAS THERE. THROUGH USHAHIDI'S MAPPING ABILITY, WE KNEW THAT THAT WOULD BE A LOCATION TO TAKE AID. 00:10:43.000 --> 00:10:46.000 WE WOULDN'T HAVE SEEN IT WITHOUT THEM. 00:10:48.000 --> 00:10:57.000 USHAHIDI ALERTED THE WORLD THAT IF YOU'VE GOT NEEDS IN HAITI OR YOU'RE TRAPPED IN A BUILDING, OR YOU'RE OUT OF FOOD, 00:10:57.000 --> 00:11:04.000 OR YOU'RE INJURED AND YOU NEED HELP, THAT YOU CAN ALERT US. 00:11:11.000 --> 00:11:19.000 WHETHER YOU ARE THAT PERSON IN DES MOINES, IOWA WHOSE READING TWITTER OR FACEBOOK, OR YOU'RE A HAITIAN ON THE GROUND, 00:11:19.000 --> 00:11:25.000 WITH MOBILE TECHNOLOGY AND OPEN SOURCING INFORMATION, YOU'RE SUDDENLY EMPOWERED. 00:11:26.000 --> 00:11:39.000 BEING ABLE TO STAY ONLINE, TRANSLATING THOSE TEXT MESSAGES, YOU KNOW THAT THAT INFORMATION WILL BE FORWARDED DIRECTLY TO A SPECIFIC AID ORGANIZATION. 00:11:39.000 --> 00:11:45.000 THAT MADE IF FEEL LIKE I WAS ALMOST ON THE GROUND HELPING. 00:11:53.000 --> 00:11:58.000 A MAP IS WORTH A MILLION WORDS. MAPS COMMUNICATE WITH EVERYBODY. 00:11:58.000 --> 00:12:07.000 THAT'S POWERFUL. YOU CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE. YOU CAN LOOK AT RELATIONSHIPS AND PATTERNS AND PROCESSES AND MODELS AND HELP SAVE THE WORLD. 00:12:07.000 --> 00:12:15.000 I DON'T THINK WE CAN PROJECT 50 YEARS OUT, BUT GIVEN WHAT WE'RE SEEING TODAY, IT'S JUST A FANTASTIC EXPLOSION OF LOCATION TECHNOLOGY 00:12:15.000 --> 00:12:22.000 AND LOCATION BASED DATA. AND NOW WE HAVE THE DEVICES TO READ IT AND CAPTURE IT AND VISUALIZE IT. 00:12:22.000 --> 00:12:27.000 AND THAT'S SOMETHING THAT'S REALLY HELPING THE GEOSPATIAL REVOLUTION TRULY EXPLODE. 00:12:27.000 --> 00:12:33.000 REVOLUTIONS RARELY END UP THE WAY THEY STARTED. THAT'S ALMOST THE DEFINITION OF A REVOLUTION. 00:12:33.000 --> 00:13:03.000 [MUSIC] 00:13:03.000 --> 00:13:10.000