1
00:00:01,560 --> 00:00:02,560
[Eli Oliver]

2
00:00:02,560 --> 00:00:04,200
Okay, so I'm Eli Oliver.

3
00:00:04,200 --> 00:00:09,240
I started at USU last semester,
so this is my second semester.

4
00:00:09,730 --> 00:00:10,440
First year.

5
00:00:10,440 --> 00:00:13,440
I'm originally from Tennessee.

6
00:00:13,810 --> 00:00:15,240
From a middle of nowhere town,

7
00:00:15,240 --> 00:00:18,240
about an hour and a half east of 
Nashville.

8
00:00:19,120 --> 00:00:22,080
I graduated from UT Knoxville.

9
00:00:22,080 --> 00:00:25,080
Bachelor's in soil science.

10
00:00:25,440 --> 00:00:28,440
Let's see, okay.

11
00:00:29,120 --> 00:00:31,120
Just to show,

12
00:00:31,120 --> 00:00:34,520
I kind of have some idea of what,
I know what I'm doing.

13
00:00:34,720 --> 00:00:40,720
I was on the UT solar judging team
from spring 2017 to fall 2019,

14
00:00:41,040 --> 00:00:43,840
and within that span, we were the regional

15
00:00:43,840 --> 00:00:46,920
and national champion team in 2017, 2018,

16
00:00:47,560 --> 00:00:50,680
and I was the first place individual
at the 2019 regionals.

17
00:00:50,680 --> 00:00:53,680
And I'll argue with some people
that we would have won

18
00:00:53,960 --> 00:00:57,440
nationals in 2020
had they not canceled it due to Covid.

19
00:00:58,560 --> 00:01:01,560
Okay, you can switch to the next one.

20
00:01:05,760 --> 00:01:09,840
Okay so before I go off telling you 
how to texture and what it entails, I'm,

21
00:01:10,480 --> 00:01:13,480
basically just kind of go over
why we care about texture.

22
00:01:14,080 --> 00:01:17,110
It's one of the most basic
soil properties, but it influences

23
00:01:17,110 --> 00:01:18,120
so many other things.

24
00:01:18,120 --> 00:01:19,988
It's really good to know what you have

25
00:01:19,988 --> 00:01:23,240
before you go adding things to it
or amending your soil.

26
00:01:24,200 --> 00:01:27,240
Some of the main things
texture effects is water storage,

27
00:01:27,760 --> 00:01:30,360
drainage and water infiltration.

28
00:01:30,360 --> 00:01:32,920
And just kind of explain this.

29
00:01:32,920 --> 00:01:35,920
If you have a sandy soil, you're going to

30
00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:38,880
irrigate at a lesser amount,
but you're going to do it

31
00:01:38,880 --> 00:01:40,760
at a more frequent interval.

32
00:01:40,760 --> 00:01:44,200
And, with clays, you're going to irrigate
for a longer amount of time,

33
00:01:44,200 --> 00:01:46,560
but you're not going to do it
as frequently.

34
00:01:46,560 --> 00:01:49,560
So you'll do it for just 1 or 2
days, compared to maybe

35
00:01:49,560 --> 00:01:52,480
3 or 4 days for a sandy soil,
or depending on what you need.

36
00:01:54,130 --> 00:01:57,480
It also affects the amount 
of aeration in the soil

37
00:01:57,670 --> 00:01:59,880
and along with the ease
of working the soil up.

38
00:01:59,880 --> 00:02:04,760
If you have a real high clay percentage
soil, you're going to have a hard time

39
00:02:04,760 --> 00:02:08,160
tilling it up, if you need to,
especially if it starts to dry out.

40
00:02:08,960 --> 00:02:12,000
And it also affects your soil fertility

41
00:02:12,840 --> 00:02:16,880
because, all of your nutrient holding
capacity is going to come from your clay.

42
00:02:16,880 --> 00:02:21,520
It's got the, the largest
amount of surface area per unit volume.

43
00:02:21,670 --> 00:02:24,640
So that's where all your nutrient holding
capacity comes from.

44
00:02:24,640 --> 00:02:29,520
And there's really not any on the 
silt and sand sized particles and,

45
00:02:29,880 --> 00:02:33,240
it also lets you know what kind of topsoil
you want to use.

46
00:02:33,640 --> 00:02:38,680
Ideally, you want to use an equal mixture
of about the three particle sizes.

47
00:02:38,680 --> 00:02:40,800
And we'll get more into that
of what that is.

48
00:02:40,800 --> 00:02:42,280
And what constitutes this.

49
00:02:42,280 --> 00:02:44,360
But you want a good mixture of each one

50
00:02:44,360 --> 00:02:46,190
if you're ordering in topsoil to use.

51
00:02:47,640 --> 00:02:50,640
And you can switch to the next one now.

52
00:02:54,720 --> 00:02:55,610
Okay so,

53
00:02:55,610 --> 00:02:59,040
there's three particle sizes
that make up soil texture.

54
00:02:59,400 --> 00:03:01,480
Sand, silt and clay.

55
00:03:01,480 --> 00:03:04,680
Sand is 0.08in to .002in.

56
00:03:04,680 --> 00:03:06,460
And sorry for the

57
00:03:06,460 --> 00:03:09,010
real small numbers on here,
this is usually in metric.

58
00:03:09,010 --> 00:03:11,920
So I converted it over to inches.

59
00:03:11,980 --> 00:03:15,200
Sand is going to be the only particle size
visible to the naked eye.

60
00:03:15,200 --> 00:03:18,120
The other two,
you need microscopes to see, and clay,

61
00:03:18,120 --> 00:03:21,240
you're going to need
a real strong microscope to see,

62
00:03:21,960 --> 00:03:24,610
the individual particles,
as you can see, silt is

63
00:03:24,610 --> 00:03:27,760
0.002 to eight to the negative fifth in.

64
00:03:28,200 --> 00:03:31,880
And clay is everything less than 
eight to the negative fifth in diameter.

65
00:03:32,160 --> 00:03:35,560
And I'm not including
rock fragments in this, but rock fragment

66
00:03:35,560 --> 00:03:38,180
is anything bigger than the sand sized
particles.

67
00:03:38,640 --> 00:03:41,640
And here's a visual representation,

68
00:03:42,000 --> 00:03:44,280
so you can see each size
compared to each other.

69
00:03:44,280 --> 00:03:46,760
And this is in metric,
but you can still see

70
00:03:46,760 --> 00:03:50,760
how much bigger sand is than the other two
and how small clay is.

71
00:03:50,760 --> 00:03:52,380
And something to note here.

72
00:03:52,380 --> 00:03:56,000
Clay isn't really the shape it is 
in this diagram.

73
00:03:56,000 --> 00:03:57,080
It's more of a platy-

74
00:03:58,850 --> 00:04:01,440
shaped particle, 
and the other two are more spherical.

75
00:04:01,440 --> 00:04:04,490
And that, again, ties
into some of the surface area

76
00:04:04,490 --> 00:04:06,640
properties of the clays.

77
00:04:09,120 --> 00:04:11,030
If you want to switch.

78
00:04:14,320 --> 00:04:16,520
Okay so just some of the goals for today.

79
00:04:16,520 --> 00:04:20,360
I'm going to try to teach everybody
how to texture by feel.

80
00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:24,000
And doing that, 
we'll learn how to estimate

81
00:04:24,480 --> 00:04:27,480
the particle percentages
of your sand, silt and clay.

82
00:04:27,720 --> 00:04:31,120
And then I'll show you how to determine
the texture class of your soil

83
00:04:31,120 --> 00:04:33,850
and what that might mean for you.

84
00:04:39,020 --> 00:04:42,489
Okay, so before I get into the 
different texture classes and how to do it

85
00:04:42,489 --> 00:04:44,960
I want to tell you
how each particle size will feel.

86
00:04:44,960 --> 00:04:46,360
So you can kind of have

87
00:04:46,360 --> 00:04:49,490
a general idea of what you're doing
before we actually texture it.

88
00:04:49,680 --> 00:04:51,440
So clay is going to be real sticky.

89
00:04:52,440 --> 00:04:54,720
As you get higher amounts, it's
going to feel

90
00:04:54,720 --> 00:04:57,640
real similar to modeling clay or playdo.

91
00:04:57,640 --> 00:05:00,840
And if you let it dry out, 
it's going to get real hard.

92
00:05:00,840 --> 00:05:04,560
But the main thing to take from clay
is it's going to stick to your fingers

93
00:05:04,920 --> 00:05:07,920
and it's going to feel like modeling clay
or playdo.

94
00:05:08,720 --> 00:05:09,880
Sand.

95
00:05:09,880 --> 00:05:12,720
It's going to feel real
coarse and gritty at high amounts.

96
00:05:12,720 --> 00:05:15,520
And if it's primarily sand,

97
00:05:15,520 --> 00:05:18,280
you're going to have a real 
loose feeling soil

98
00:05:18,280 --> 00:05:22,260
and it's not going to form together
as well as one with clay will.

99
00:05:23,160 --> 00:05:24,860
And silt's kind of hard
to describe.

100
00:05:24,860 --> 00:05:26,280
Most people,

101
00:05:26,280 --> 00:05:29,280
when they're texturing
they go off of the other two and just

102
00:05:29,640 --> 00:05:32,640
subtract what that would be from
100 to get your silt.

103
00:05:32,760 --> 00:05:36,600
But, the way to describe silt,
it's smooth but not sticky.

104
00:05:38,040 --> 00:05:39,720
And I think,

105
00:05:39,720 --> 00:05:43,070
when you have a high amount of silt,
it almost kind of feels like flour

106
00:05:43,070 --> 00:05:44,040
or things like that.

107
00:05:44,040 --> 00:05:47,399
It's not going to stick to you,
but it's not coarse like sand is.

108
00:05:50,400 --> 00:05:53,400
You can switch.

109
00:05:54,239 --> 00:05:55,880
Okay so, here's a diagram.

110
00:05:55,880 --> 00:05:57,840
I'll go more into this on the next slide.

111
00:05:57,840 --> 00:06:00,680
But this is just showing you,

112
00:06:00,680 --> 00:06:04,280
once you go to estimate
all three of your particle sizes,

113
00:06:04,280 --> 00:06:07,560
this is telling you, what texture class
you have,

114
00:06:08,800 --> 00:06:11,800
the ideal soil and one you want to

115
00:06:12,680 --> 00:06:16,480
kind of pay attention to if you have to
order topsoil in, is your loam.

116
00:06:16,800 --> 00:06:19,360
And that's kind of the equal percentage
of all three.

117
00:06:19,360 --> 00:06:22,080
And that's going to give you the greatest,

118
00:06:22,080 --> 00:06:25,440
I guess, balance of water-holding capacity
and drainage.

119
00:06:25,800 --> 00:06:28,760
If you had a clay soil,
it's going to hold the water.

120
00:06:29,560 --> 00:06:31,271
It's going to hold more water than a

121
00:06:31,271 --> 00:06:34,280
sandy soil will, but
it's not going to drain as fast either.

122
00:06:34,280 --> 00:06:36,240
And you might run into drainage issues.

123
00:06:36,240 --> 00:06:37,240
While sandy soil,

124
00:06:37,240 --> 00:06:41,160
it's going to drain real good,
but it won't hold it much either.

125
00:06:41,160 --> 00:06:44,240
So ideally you want either a loam,
silt loam,

126
00:06:44,240 --> 00:06:47,240
or maybe a sandy loam too.

127
00:06:48,120 --> 00:06:49,640
And, this is just showing you

128
00:06:49,640 --> 00:06:52,640
how to use the triangle.

129
00:06:53,360 --> 00:06:55,640
If you're by yourself,
you can follow this link.

130
00:06:55,640 --> 00:06:58,640
This is going to go to the NRCS 
Soil Texture Calculator.

131
00:06:58,640 --> 00:07:01,490
And at this website
you can just type in what you think each

132
00:07:01,490 --> 00:07:04,400
particle size percentage is
and it'll tell you.

133
00:07:04,840 --> 00:07:07,880
But, I'll show you
how to, use this triangle.

134
00:07:08,440 --> 00:07:11,280
So what we'll do,
we'll start with sand percentages.

135
00:07:11,280 --> 00:07:13,560
So we'll go to 40% sand and Melony,

136
00:07:13,560 --> 00:07:16,680
if you click these, it'll bring up arrows
I have on the triangle.

137
00:07:17,440 --> 00:07:22,960
So we'll go 40% sand and then silt
will be on the right side going down.

138
00:07:22,960 --> 00:07:24,360
So 40% silt.

139
00:07:25,360 --> 00:07:26,880
It'll look like that.

140
00:07:26,880 --> 00:07:28,200
And then 20% clay.

141
00:07:28,200 --> 00:07:31,080
Clay is going to go on the left
and just go sideways.

142
00:07:31,080 --> 00:07:33,755
So you get that,
and that'll leave you with the loam.

143
00:07:34,140 --> 00:07:37,040
And we'll go through the other two
real fast just so everybody

144
00:07:37,040 --> 00:07:38,320
gets a good idea.

145
00:07:38,320 --> 00:07:41,560
One with 50% sand, 10% silt,

146
00:07:43,160 --> 00:07:47,200
and 40% clay is going to leave you
with the sandy clay.

147
00:07:47,200 --> 00:07:51,080
And by the way,
that's one of the hardest textures to do.

148
00:07:51,080 --> 00:07:52,960
It just feels so weird.

149
00:07:52,960 --> 00:07:57,520
And, finally, one with 15% sand, 55% silt,

150
00:07:57,960 --> 00:08:01,800
and 30% clay is going to leave you
with the silty clay loam.

151
00:08:02,400 --> 00:08:04,560
And again, if you,

152
00:08:04,560 --> 00:08:08,560
find this too confusing to read, I know
it takes some getting used to at first.

153
00:08:08,820 --> 00:08:12,630
You can always just go to this website,
especially as we go to do your own later,

154
00:08:12,630 --> 00:08:14,820
and you could just type
in what you think it is

155
00:08:14,820 --> 00:08:16,680
and it'll automatically give you the

156
00:08:16,680 --> 00:08:19,240
particle size class for it.

157
00:08:20,970 --> 00:08:21,920
So this right here,

158
00:08:21,920 --> 00:08:23,040
don't worry about this.

159
00:08:23,040 --> 00:08:26,560
I just wanted to show you,
this is the flow chart.

160
00:08:26,920 --> 00:08:29,560
The Natural Resource Conservation Service

161
00:08:29,560 --> 00:08:32,280
has put together when determining texture.

162
00:08:32,280 --> 00:08:35,280
I'll go through all this step by step.

163
00:08:35,550 --> 00:08:39,040
But the only thing I think you really need
to pay attention to, and I'll,

164
00:08:39,040 --> 00:08:42,400
I'll remind you of that is, 
there's a, in the middle,

165
00:08:43,160 --> 00:08:46,530
there's, different links for the ribbon
and I'll go into that.

166
00:08:46,530 --> 00:08:49,380
And that's kind of how you can
estimate your clay percentage

167
00:08:49,380 --> 00:08:51,440
and go off of your texture
based from there.

168
00:08:51,440 --> 00:08:54,440
But we'll get into that after this.

169
00:08:57,120 --> 00:09:00,240
Okay so the first thing you want to do
when texturing,

170
00:09:00,240 --> 00:09:03,120
you're going to want
a decent amount of soil on your hand.

171
00:09:03,120 --> 00:09:07,580
I think the guidelines from
that starts about 25g.

172
00:09:07,580 --> 00:09:09,590
You really just want to fill your palm up.

173
00:09:09,590 --> 00:09:11,740
And yours isn't going to 
look like this here.

174
00:09:11,740 --> 00:09:15,480
This is soil I had that I ground up
for analysis, and it's real dry.

175
00:09:15,480 --> 00:09:18,560
So that's why it
looks the way it does. But,

176
00:09:19,640 --> 00:09:21,720
you just want a good amount in your hand

177
00:09:21,720 --> 00:09:25,320
and, what you want to do, you want to
wet it the soil until it's moist.

178
00:09:26,240 --> 00:09:29,240
And you don't want it too wet,
what you want,

179
00:09:29,240 --> 00:09:31,800
you kind of
want it to have a shine on the surface.

180
00:09:31,800 --> 00:09:35,160
If you have too much water, it's
going to cause the soil to fall apart.

181
00:09:35,160 --> 00:09:38,960
And you're going to have to either
start again or add more dry soil to it to

182
00:09:39,800 --> 00:09:41,600
get it to take.

183
00:09:41,600 --> 00:09:44,600
But if you don't add enough water,
you won't be able to feel,

184
00:09:44,600 --> 00:09:47,700
or adequately feel all the different
particle sizes, and you can't

185
00:09:47,700 --> 00:09:50,600
get an accurate texture by feel.

186
00:09:51,480 --> 00:09:54,360
So, you kind of want it to have a shine.

187
00:09:54,360 --> 00:09:57,120
Let me see if I can get it here.

188
00:09:59,370 --> 00:10:03,200
I don't know if you can see that here,
but that's about how wet you want it.

189
00:10:03,200 --> 00:10:04,520
I can work it up real good

190
00:10:04,520 --> 00:10:07,520
and feel everything right now.

191
00:10:08,480 --> 00:10:10,960
So what we're going to do after
we get it wet.

192
00:10:10,960 --> 00:10:14,000
If I'm going to fast on any of this,
just slow me down too.

193
00:10:15,640 --> 00:10:18,640
But, we're going to try to form a ball
in your hands.

194
00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:21,640
And only soils
with high sand percentages,

195
00:10:21,640 --> 00:10:24,240
that's the only one
will not be able to form a ball.

196
00:10:24,240 --> 00:10:27,590
So automatically, if you can't form a ball
with the soil,

197
00:10:27,590 --> 00:10:30,016
you know you have just sand.

198
00:10:30,016 --> 00:10:33,760
And a good way to tell, or pickup
on clay content early on.

199
00:10:33,760 --> 00:10:36,920
It's going to feel very firm
when working the soil into a ball.

200
00:10:36,920 --> 00:10:38,766
If you have high amounts of clay.

201
00:10:39,110 --> 00:10:42,240
And after this, we're going
to try to form a ribbon from the ball.

202
00:10:42,240 --> 00:10:44,590
And I'll go into that more later.

203
00:10:45,560 --> 00:10:48,560
So this is what, ideally
what your ball should look like.

204
00:10:48,840 --> 00:10:51,200
Again you want a decent amount.

205
00:10:51,200 --> 00:10:52,480
Notice the shine on here.

206
00:10:52,480 --> 00:10:55,480
So that's kind of how wet you want it.

207
00:10:55,800 --> 00:10:58,668
And just try to form the ball
in your hands.

208
00:10:58,668 --> 00:11:02,800
Again, if you don't have a lot of sand,
it won't be able to form a ball.

209
00:11:03,840 --> 00:11:07,520
But only, the only one not able to form
a ball is straight sand.

210
00:11:07,960 --> 00:11:12,040
Even on the triangle early,
there's this sandy loam category

211
00:11:12,040 --> 00:11:16,240
which is close to straight sand but it's,
it should still be able to form a ball.

212
00:11:16,240 --> 00:11:20,050
So I don't think anybody here
will have straight sand, hopefully.

213
00:11:21,320 --> 00:11:24,175
And again, your clay soils
are going to feel very firm.

214
00:11:26,040 --> 00:11:28,597
So, we'll start on the ribbon now

215
00:11:28,597 --> 00:11:31,200
if you want to go to the next one.

216
00:11:31,920 --> 00:11:33,880
So, what we're going to do,

217
00:11:33,880 --> 00:11:36,880
if you just have,
I'm gonna work this up in a ball again.

218
00:11:38,320 --> 00:11:39,360
Trash can

219
00:11:39,360 --> 00:11:42,020
so I don't get too nasty.

220
00:11:43,360 --> 00:11:44,070
So I have my,

221
00:11:44,070 --> 00:11:46,850
I don't know if you can see this,
but I have my ball here.

222
00:11:46,850 --> 00:11:50,658
So what we're going to do is we're going
to want to try to make a ribbon with it.

223
00:11:50,658 --> 00:11:52,560
So what we'll do,

224
00:11:52,560 --> 00:11:54,800
get it is about as round as you can.

225
00:11:54,800 --> 00:12:00,560
And you want to hold your thumb on the top
and push it over your index finger,

226
00:12:00,560 --> 00:12:01,760
like this.

227
00:12:01,760 --> 00:12:04,360
Did you hold your hand up a little bit
higher?

228
00:12:04,360 --> 00:12:05,280
Can you see that?

229
00:12:05,280 --> 00:12:07,680
Maybe down a little bit.
So yeah. There you go.

230
00:12:07,680 --> 00:12:08,520
Okay. Remember.

231
00:12:10,400 --> 00:12:13,800
So we're going to push it over
index finger.

232
00:12:13,800 --> 00:12:17,080
And what we're trying to look for here
is how long it gets before it breaks.

233
00:12:17,080 --> 00:12:19,360
And that's a good way to,

234
00:12:19,360 --> 00:12:22,360
estimate your clay percentage and,

235
00:12:22,520 --> 00:12:25,520
the breaks here.

236
00:12:26,280 --> 00:12:29,520
If you have about a less
than one inch ribbon before it breaks,

237
00:12:29,920 --> 00:12:32,680
you're going to either have a lone,

238
00:12:32,680 --> 00:12:35,680
silt loam or a sandy loam.

239
00:12:35,720 --> 00:12:37,400
And the way to determine from there.

240
00:12:37,400 --> 00:12:40,400
First off, you go by your ribbon length
and that'll,

241
00:12:41,080 --> 00:12:43,080
give you a rough estimate
of your clay percentage.

242
00:12:43,080 --> 00:12:47,000
And then if it feels real gritty,
you'll probably have a sandy loam.

243
00:12:47,000 --> 00:12:49,800
If it feels extra smooth,

244
00:12:49,800 --> 00:12:50,880
it'll be a silt loam.

245
00:12:50,880 --> 00:12:53,880
And then if it's neither,
you just go with a long

246
00:12:54,840 --> 00:12:57,840
if it's about 1 to 2in before breaking,

247
00:12:58,200 --> 00:13:02,600
you're either going to have a sandy clay
loam, silty clay loam or clay loam.

248
00:13:02,600 --> 00:13:06,120
And again, just go off the grittiness
or smoothness to it

249
00:13:06,480 --> 00:13:08,920
after you have your ribbon size.

250
00:13:08,920 --> 00:13:11,080
And let me try to work it up more.

251
00:13:13,320 --> 00:13:15,240
The soil I got was really dry too,

252
00:13:15,240 --> 00:13:18,240
so I had to add a lot of water to it
before it start to take,

253
00:13:21,160 --> 00:13:23,000
and if it gets more than 2in

254
00:13:23,000 --> 00:13:26,120
or 5cm,
you're going to get into your real high

255
00:13:26,120 --> 00:13:29,120
clay texture classes
and that'll either be,

256
00:13:29,760 --> 00:13:32,760
sandy clay, silty clay or clay.

257
00:13:33,640 --> 00:13:38,600
And once you get over about 50 to 60%
clay, that's super high.

258
00:13:38,640 --> 00:13:42,080
Like a high
clay percentage is to like 30%.

259
00:13:42,560 --> 00:13:45,240
But once you're over 50 or so, it's
kind of just going to be straight

260
00:13:45,240 --> 00:13:48,240
clay on all of the triangle.

261
00:13:48,800 --> 00:13:50,760
So, if you want to go to the next slide,

262
00:13:50,760 --> 00:13:54,440
it shows kind of what it should look like
when you first work it up.

263
00:13:55,240 --> 00:13:57,800
So that's how you go.

264
00:13:57,800 --> 00:13:59,640
Just keep pushing it over
until you get it.

265
00:13:59,640 --> 00:14:01,520
And you kind of
want it thinner than that. But

266
00:14:02,520 --> 00:14:05,320
that's what it should look like
when you first start making your ribbon,

267
00:14:05,320 --> 00:14:08,480
and you just kind of
want it to fall over your finger here.

268
00:14:10,160 --> 00:14:13,240
And this is a good way just to get an idea
when you're first doing it.

269
00:14:13,440 --> 00:14:14,960
A lot of people,

270
00:14:14,960 --> 00:14:17,760
they don't for a lot of people
I know don't even use the ribbon method.

271
00:14:17,760 --> 00:14:21,680
They've just done it so much,
they kind of know how it feels like. But,

272
00:14:21,960 --> 00:14:25,920
the ribbon is the best way to tell for
the first time, how much clay you have.

273
00:14:27,240 --> 00:14:30,240
And if you go to the next slide.

274
00:14:30,720 --> 00:14:33,200
That'll show,
what the final ribbon should look like.

275
00:14:33,200 --> 00:14:35,760
And that's from the same soil
I'm holding here.

276
00:14:35,760 --> 00:14:37,040
It just looks different.

277
00:14:37,040 --> 00:14:38,760
I probably had it

278
00:14:38,760 --> 00:14:41,760
at a better consistency
when I first worked up, but,

279
00:14:42,320 --> 00:14:45,320
again, your higher clay contents
are going to lead to longer ribbons.

280
00:14:45,720 --> 00:14:48,040
And that ribbon. There I have it.

281
00:14:48,040 --> 00:14:49,200
Here, probably right up

282
00:14:50,280 --> 00:14:53,280
close to maybe two inches or so.

283
00:14:53,280 --> 00:14:56,600
So I think this and it's doesn't
feel gritty at all.

284
00:14:56,600 --> 00:14:57,400
It's kind of smooth.

285
00:14:57,400 --> 00:15:01,640
So this is probably either
a silty clay loam or a silty clay.

286
00:15:01,840 --> 00:15:06,040
Go going based off this on here get what
the soil series had it described as but

287
00:15:07,120 --> 00:15:08,040
going off the ribbon.

288
00:15:08,040 --> 00:15:10,480
It's going to be right
on the borderline of those two.

289
00:15:10,480 --> 00:15:13,200
And you would just make your best estimate
at that point.

290
00:15:13,200 --> 00:15:16,200
Getting it that close is pretty good
no matter what.

291
00:15:18,120 --> 00:15:21,120
If you want to go to the next slide,

292
00:15:21,240 --> 00:15:23,120
I can tell you
some other things to consider.

293
00:15:23,120 --> 00:15:24,720
And if anybody needs me to go back

294
00:15:24,720 --> 00:15:29,040
or show more of the ribbon, just put it
in the chat and I'll try to show it more.

295
00:15:30,640 --> 00:15:32,360
But a way to help with determining

296
00:15:32,360 --> 00:15:35,360
the exact sand percentage of your soil.

297
00:15:36,600 --> 00:15:39,600
So what we want to do
is put a real small amount

298
00:15:40,280 --> 00:15:43,280
in her hand, and by a small amount, I mean

299
00:15:43,960 --> 00:15:44,640
something.

300
00:15:44,640 --> 00:15:46,920
I don't know if you can see

301
00:15:46,920 --> 00:15:48,320
how much I have here, but not much.

302
00:15:48,320 --> 00:15:50,920
Maybe a little more than this.
But it won't take much.

303
00:15:50,920 --> 00:15:52,880
And there's no sand in this either.

304
00:15:52,880 --> 00:15:55,560
But just to show you
how kind of how much you want.

305
00:15:55,560 --> 00:16:00,080
So you put a very small amount and you'll
leave it in the palm of your hand,

306
00:16:00,680 --> 00:16:01,960
and that'll make a mess here.

307
00:16:01,960 --> 00:16:04,200
But I well,

308
00:16:04,200 --> 00:16:07,400
so what you'll do, you'll about flood
your hand.

309
00:16:08,000 --> 00:16:10,440
Just get like, a pool of water,

310
00:16:10,440 --> 00:16:12,840
and you want to have it thoroughly,
and you want to rub it in,

311
00:16:13,800 --> 00:16:14,640
and you want to

312
00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:17,640
get it
good and just kind of let it drain out.

313
00:16:19,960 --> 00:16:21,560
And if you have sand in there,

314
00:16:21,560 --> 00:16:24,720
the sand should all only sand
should be left.

315
00:16:25,040 --> 00:16:26,960
All the others
should wash out with the water.

316
00:16:26,960 --> 00:16:29,440
If you just kind of carefully drain it.

317
00:16:29,440 --> 00:16:33,480
And what you do is you compare what's
remaining to the initial amount you had,

318
00:16:33,480 --> 00:16:37,080
and that'll give you a rough, rough
estimate of your sand.

319
00:16:38,440 --> 00:16:41,920
And, if you go based off of that,

320
00:16:42,480 --> 00:16:45,400
you can add that to your clay percentage.

321
00:16:45,400 --> 00:16:49,400
Eli, I understand when you're flooding
your hand, you cannot hold your hand

322
00:16:49,400 --> 00:16:51,960
over your computer for it
to show up in the video.

323
00:16:51,960 --> 00:16:53,160
Please don't do that.

324
00:16:53,160 --> 00:16:54,280
Can you describe it?

325
00:16:54,280 --> 00:16:56,520
You've got
you've got some soil in your hand.

326
00:16:56,520 --> 00:16:59,440
You're adding water like a puddle, right?

327
00:16:59,440 --> 00:17:01,080
Yeah. And your husband don't try to.

328
00:17:03,440 --> 00:17:05,760
Hire here.

329
00:17:05,760 --> 00:17:08,720
I'll stick your hand
further away from the camera. Yep.

330
00:17:08,720 --> 00:17:11,360
Back up a little bit in this idea.

331
00:17:11,360 --> 00:17:13,040
There you go. Okay, well.

332
00:17:13,040 --> 00:17:16,440
All I did was get my hand real wet,
and I had, like, a pinch of soil in there,

333
00:17:16,440 --> 00:17:19,440
and you just rub it in.

334
00:17:20,480 --> 00:17:21,920
You just rub it in and drain it out,

335
00:17:21,920 --> 00:17:25,000
and you can see the sand grains left over,
and you kind of compare

336
00:17:25,520 --> 00:17:29,040
the amount they take up on your hand to
what was there before.

337
00:17:29,520 --> 00:17:32,880
And that'll give you a rough estimate
of your sand percentage.

338
00:17:33,440 --> 00:17:37,480
And if you add that to your clay, you can
subtract it from 100 to get your silt.

339
00:17:38,040 --> 00:17:41,280
And then, add that to determine
what texture class

340
00:17:41,280 --> 00:17:44,280
you have.

341
00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:47,040
And then there's some other weird
ways to pick up on sand.

342
00:17:48,200 --> 00:17:50,240
You can hear it.

343
00:17:50,240 --> 00:17:53,000
I know it sounds weird,
but if you have a lot of sand,

344
00:17:53,000 --> 00:17:56,000
you can put it up to your ear
when you're working it in the bowl,

345
00:17:56,040 --> 00:17:59,040
and you'll kind of hear that gritty sound.

346
00:18:00,240 --> 00:18:03,320
And, it's really
just to let you know that it's there

347
00:18:03,320 --> 00:18:06,320
and you can't really determine
how much you have

348
00:18:06,720 --> 00:18:09,720
at that point, but it's a good indication
that you have sand.

349
00:18:10,280 --> 00:18:13,880
And, I know a lot of people
that have tasted their soil

350
00:18:13,880 --> 00:18:15,480
to try to determine sand.

351
00:18:15,480 --> 00:18:18,360
I wouldn't recommend doing this.

352
00:18:18,360 --> 00:18:21,560
That those sand grains
are going to stay in your mouth

353
00:18:21,560 --> 00:18:25,280
a lot longer than you think they would,
and it it's not a fun time.

354
00:18:25,280 --> 00:18:27,920
Also, no telling what's

355
00:18:27,920 --> 00:18:30,680
in your soil sample that you have,
so you probably don't

356
00:18:30,680 --> 00:18:32,000
want to go around eating it anyway.

357
00:18:32,000 --> 00:18:35,840
But some of the people I did some judging
with didn't really care, and they eat

358
00:18:35,840 --> 00:18:36,600
it all the time.

359
00:18:38,760 --> 00:18:40,160
Again with soil.

360
00:18:40,160 --> 00:18:43,160
If you have high clay contents, it's
going to leave a fingerprint behind too.

361
00:18:43,160 --> 00:18:46,160
And what I mean by
that is if you take your ball

362
00:18:47,400 --> 00:18:51,360
and just push it in, you can see, you
probably can't see too good there,

363
00:18:51,360 --> 00:18:54,760
but it'll leave behind the fingerprint
on the ball that you can see.

364
00:18:55,920 --> 00:18:58,920
If it's mainly silt or sand,
it won't do that.

365
00:18:59,320 --> 00:19:04,800
And, if you have high clay soils,
something we would do for fun.

366
00:19:04,800 --> 00:19:07,800
We'd let them dry out and throw each other
throughout each other,

367
00:19:07,840 --> 00:19:10,840
and they'd stay together as a ball.

368
00:19:11,680 --> 00:19:13,080
If there's anything else

369
00:19:13,080 --> 00:19:16,160
I need to go over re texture,
anything, just let me know.