WEBVTT 00:00:01.560 --> 00:00:02.560 [Eli Oliver] 00:00:02.560 --> 00:00:04.200 Okay, so I'm Eli Oliver. 00:00:04.200 --> 00:00:09.240 I started at USU last semester, so this is my second semester. 00:00:09.730 --> 00:00:10.440 First year. 00:00:10.440 --> 00:00:13.440 I'm originally from Tennessee. 00:00:13.810 --> 00:00:15.240 From a middle of nowhere town, 00:00:15.240 --> 00:00:18.240 about an hour and a half east of Nashville. 00:00:19.120 --> 00:00:22.080 I graduated from UT Knoxville. 00:00:22.080 --> 00:00:25.080 Bachelor's in soil science. 00:00:25.440 --> 00:00:28.440 Let's see, okay. 00:00:29.120 --> 00:00:31.120 Just to show, 00:00:31.120 --> 00:00:34.520 I kind of have some idea of what, I know what I'm doing. 00:00:34.720 --> 00:00:40.720 I was on the UT solar judging team from spring 2017 to fall 2019, 00:00:41.040 --> 00:00:43.840 and within that span, we were the regional 00:00:43.840 --> 00:00:46.920 and national champion team in 2017, 2018, 00:00:47.560 --> 00:00:50.680 and I was the first place individual at the 2019 regionals. 00:00:50.680 --> 00:00:53.680 And I'll argue with some people that we would have won 00:00:53.960 --> 00:00:57.440 nationals in 2020 had they not canceled it due to Covid. 00:00:58.560 --> 00:01:01.560 Okay, you can switch to the next one. 00:01:05.760 --> 00:01:09.840 Okay so before I go off telling you how to texture and what it entails, I'm, 00:01:10.480 --> 00:01:13.480 basically just kind of go over why we care about texture. 00:01:14.080 --> 00:01:17.110 It's one of the most basic soil properties, but it influences 00:01:17.110 --> 00:01:18.120 so many other things. 00:01:18.120 --> 00:01:19.988 It's really good to know what you have 00:01:19.988 --> 00:01:23.240 before you go adding things to it or amending your soil. 00:01:24.200 --> 00:01:27.240 Some of the main things texture effects is water storage, 00:01:27.760 --> 00:01:30.360 drainage and water infiltration. 00:01:30.360 --> 00:01:32.920 And just kind of explain this. 00:01:32.920 --> 00:01:35.920 If you have a sandy soil, you're going to 00:01:36.000 --> 00:01:38.880 irrigate at a lesser amount, but you're going to do it 00:01:38.880 --> 00:01:40.760 at a more frequent interval. 00:01:40.760 --> 00:01:44.200 And, with clays, you're going to irrigate for a longer amount of time, 00:01:44.200 --> 00:01:46.560 but you're not going to do it as frequently. 00:01:46.560 --> 00:01:49.560 So you'll do it for just 1 or 2 days, compared to maybe 00:01:49.560 --> 00:01:52.480 3 or 4 days for a sandy soil, or depending on what you need. 00:01:54.130 --> 00:01:57.480 It also affects the amount of aeration in the soil 00:01:57.670 --> 00:01:59.880 and along with the ease of working the soil up. 00:01:59.880 --> 00:02:04.760 If you have a real high clay percentage soil, you're going to have a hard time 00:02:04.760 --> 00:02:08.160 tilling it up, if you need to, especially if it starts to dry out. 00:02:08.960 --> 00:02:12.000 And it also affects your soil fertility 00:02:12.840 --> 00:02:16.880 because, all of your nutrient holding capacity is going to come from your clay. 00:02:16.880 --> 00:02:21.520 It's got the, the largest amount of surface area per unit volume. 00:02:21.670 --> 00:02:24.640 So that's where all your nutrient holding capacity comes from. 00:02:24.640 --> 00:02:29.520 And there's really not any on the silt and sand sized particles and, 00:02:29.880 --> 00:02:33.240 it also lets you know what kind of topsoil you want to use. 00:02:33.640 --> 00:02:38.680 Ideally, you want to use an equal mixture of about the three particle sizes. 00:02:38.680 --> 00:02:40.800 And we'll get more into that of what that is. 00:02:40.800 --> 00:02:42.280 And what constitutes this. 00:02:42.280 --> 00:02:44.360 But you want a good mixture of each one 00:02:44.360 --> 00:02:46.190 if you're ordering in topsoil to use. 00:02:47.640 --> 00:02:50.640 And you can switch to the next one now. 00:02:54.720 --> 00:02:55.610 Okay so, 00:02:55.610 --> 00:02:59.040 there's three particle sizes that make up soil texture. 00:02:59.400 --> 00:03:01.480 Sand, silt and clay. 00:03:01.480 --> 00:03:04.680 Sand is 0.08in to .002in. 00:03:04.680 --> 00:03:06.460 And sorry for the 00:03:06.460 --> 00:03:09.010 real small numbers on here, this is usually in metric. 00:03:09.010 --> 00:03:11.920 So I converted it over to inches. 00:03:11.980 --> 00:03:15.200 Sand is going to be the only particle size visible to the naked eye. 00:03:15.200 --> 00:03:18.120 The other two, you need microscopes to see, and clay, 00:03:18.120 --> 00:03:21.240 you're going to need a real strong microscope to see, 00:03:21.960 --> 00:03:24.610 the individual particles, as you can see, silt is 00:03:24.610 --> 00:03:27.760 0.002 to eight to the negative fifth in. 00:03:28.200 --> 00:03:31.880 And clay is everything less than eight to the negative fifth in diameter. 00:03:32.160 --> 00:03:35.560 And I'm not including rock fragments in this, but rock fragment 00:03:35.560 --> 00:03:38.180 is anything bigger than the sand sized particles. 00:03:38.640 --> 00:03:41.640 And here's a visual representation, 00:03:42.000 --> 00:03:44.280 so you can see each size compared to each other. 00:03:44.280 --> 00:03:46.760 And this is in metric, but you can still see 00:03:46.760 --> 00:03:50.760 how much bigger sand is than the other two and how small clay is. 00:03:50.760 --> 00:03:52.380 And something to note here. 00:03:52.380 --> 00:03:56.000 Clay isn't really the shape it is in this diagram. 00:03:56.000 --> 00:03:57.080 It's more of a platy- 00:03:58.850 --> 00:04:01.440 shaped particle, and the other two are more spherical. 00:04:01.440 --> 00:04:04.490 And that, again, ties into some of the surface area 00:04:04.490 --> 00:04:06.640 properties of the clays. 00:04:09.120 --> 00:04:11.030 If you want to switch. 00:04:14.320 --> 00:04:16.520 Okay so just some of the goals for today. 00:04:16.520 --> 00:04:20.360 I'm going to try to teach everybody how to texture by feel. 00:04:21.000 --> 00:04:24.000 And doing that, we'll learn how to estimate 00:04:24.480 --> 00:04:27.480 the particle percentages of your sand, silt and clay. 00:04:27.720 --> 00:04:31.120 And then I'll show you how to determine the texture class of your soil 00:04:31.120 --> 00:04:33.850 and what that might mean for you. 00:04:39.020 --> 00:04:42.489 Okay, so before I get into the different texture classes and how to do it 00:04:42.489 --> 00:04:44.960 I want to tell you how each particle size will feel. 00:04:44.960 --> 00:04:46.360 So you can kind of have 00:04:46.360 --> 00:04:49.490 a general idea of what you're doing before we actually texture it. 00:04:49.680 --> 00:04:51.440 So clay is going to be real sticky. 00:04:52.440 --> 00:04:54.720 As you get higher amounts, it's going to feel 00:04:54.720 --> 00:04:57.640 real similar to modeling clay or playdo. 00:04:57.640 --> 00:05:00.840 And if you let it dry out, it's going to get real hard. 00:05:00.840 --> 00:05:04.560 But the main thing to take from clay is it's going to stick to your fingers 00:05:04.920 --> 00:05:07.920 and it's going to feel like modeling clay or playdo. 00:05:08.720 --> 00:05:09.880 Sand. 00:05:09.880 --> 00:05:12.720 It's going to feel real coarse and gritty at high amounts. 00:05:12.720 --> 00:05:15.520 And if it's primarily sand, 00:05:15.520 --> 00:05:18.280 you're going to have a real loose feeling soil 00:05:18.280 --> 00:05:22.260 and it's not going to form together as well as one with clay will. 00:05:23.160 --> 00:05:24.860 And silt's kind of hard to describe. 00:05:24.860 --> 00:05:26.280 Most people, 00:05:26.280 --> 00:05:29.280 when they're texturing they go off of the other two and just 00:05:29.640 --> 00:05:32.640 subtract what that would be from 100 to get your silt. 00:05:32.760 --> 00:05:36.600 But, the way to describe silt, it's smooth but not sticky. 00:05:38.040 --> 00:05:39.720 And I think, 00:05:39.720 --> 00:05:43.070 when you have a high amount of silt, it almost kind of feels like flour 00:05:43.070 --> 00:05:44.040 or things like that. 00:05:44.040 --> 00:05:47.399 It's not going to stick to you, but it's not coarse like sand is. 00:05:50.400 --> 00:05:53.400 You can switch. 00:05:54.239 --> 00:05:55.880 Okay so, here's a diagram. 00:05:55.880 --> 00:05:57.840 I'll go more into this on the next slide. 00:05:57.840 --> 00:06:00.680 But this is just showing you, 00:06:00.680 --> 00:06:04.280 once you go to estimate all three of your particle sizes, 00:06:04.280 --> 00:06:07.560 this is telling you, what texture class you have, 00:06:08.800 --> 00:06:11.800 the ideal soil and one you want to 00:06:12.680 --> 00:06:16.480 kind of pay attention to if you have to order topsoil in, is your loam. 00:06:16.800 --> 00:06:19.360 And that's kind of the equal percentage of all three. 00:06:19.360 --> 00:06:22.080 And that's going to give you the greatest, 00:06:22.080 --> 00:06:25.440 I guess, balance of water-holding capacity and drainage. 00:06:25.800 --> 00:06:28.760 If you had a clay soil, it's going to hold the water. 00:06:29.560 --> 00:06:31.271 It's going to hold more water than a 00:06:31.271 --> 00:06:34.280 sandy soil will, but it's not going to drain as fast either. 00:06:34.280 --> 00:06:36.240 And you might run into drainage issues. 00:06:36.240 --> 00:06:37.240 While sandy soil, 00:06:37.240 --> 00:06:41.160 it's going to drain real good, but it won't hold it much either. 00:06:41.160 --> 00:06:44.240 So ideally you want either a loam, silt loam, 00:06:44.240 --> 00:06:47.240 or maybe a sandy loam too. 00:06:48.120 --> 00:06:49.640 And, this is just showing you 00:06:49.640 --> 00:06:52.640 how to use the triangle. 00:06:53.360 --> 00:06:55.640 If you're by yourself, you can follow this link. 00:06:55.640 --> 00:06:58.640 This is going to go to the NRCS Soil Texture Calculator. 00:06:58.640 --> 00:07:01.490 And at this website you can just type in what you think each 00:07:01.490 --> 00:07:04.400 particle size percentage is and it'll tell you. 00:07:04.840 --> 00:07:07.880 But, I'll show you how to, use this triangle. 00:07:08.440 --> 00:07:11.280 So what we'll do, we'll start with sand percentages. 00:07:11.280 --> 00:07:13.560 So we'll go to 40% sand and Melony, 00:07:13.560 --> 00:07:16.680 if you click these, it'll bring up arrows I have on the triangle. 00:07:17.440 --> 00:07:22.960 So we'll go 40% sand and then silt will be on the right side going down. 00:07:22.960 --> 00:07:24.360 So 40% silt. 00:07:25.360 --> 00:07:26.880 It'll look like that. 00:07:26.880 --> 00:07:28.200 And then 20% clay. 00:07:28.200 --> 00:07:31.080 Clay is going to go on the left and just go sideways. 00:07:31.080 --> 00:07:33.755 So you get that, and that'll leave you with the loam. 00:07:34.140 --> 00:07:37.040 And we'll go through the other two real fast just so everybody 00:07:37.040 --> 00:07:38.320 gets a good idea. 00:07:38.320 --> 00:07:41.560 One with 50% sand, 10% silt, 00:07:43.160 --> 00:07:47.200 and 40% clay is going to leave you with the sandy clay. 00:07:47.200 --> 00:07:51.080 And by the way, that's one of the hardest textures to do. 00:07:51.080 --> 00:07:52.960 It just feels so weird. 00:07:52.960 --> 00:07:57.520 And, finally, one with 15% sand, 55% silt, 00:07:57.960 --> 00:08:01.800 and 30% clay is going to leave you with the silty clay loam. 00:08:02.400 --> 00:08:04.560 And again, if you, 00:08:04.560 --> 00:08:08.560 find this too confusing to read, I know it takes some getting used to at first. 00:08:08.820 --> 00:08:12.630 You can always just go to this website, especially as we go to do your own later, 00:08:12.630 --> 00:08:14.820 and you could just type in what you think it is 00:08:14.820 --> 00:08:16.680 and it'll automatically give you the 00:08:16.680 --> 00:08:19.240 particle size class for it. 00:08:20.970 --> 00:08:21.920 So this right here, 00:08:21.920 --> 00:08:23.040 don't worry about this. 00:08:23.040 --> 00:08:26.560 I just wanted to show you, this is the flow chart. 00:08:26.920 --> 00:08:29.560 The Natural Resource Conservation Service 00:08:29.560 --> 00:08:32.280 has put together when determining texture. 00:08:32.280 --> 00:08:35.280 I'll go through all this step by step. 00:08:35.550 --> 00:08:39.040 But the only thing I think you really need to pay attention to, and I'll, 00:08:39.040 --> 00:08:42.400 I'll remind you of that is, there's a, in the middle, 00:08:43.160 --> 00:08:46.530 there's, different links for the ribbon and I'll go into that. 00:08:46.530 --> 00:08:49.380 And that's kind of how you can estimate your clay percentage 00:08:49.380 --> 00:08:51.440 and go off of your texture based from there. 00:08:51.440 --> 00:08:54.440 But we'll get into that after this. 00:08:57.120 --> 00:09:00.240 Okay so the first thing you want to do when texturing, 00:09:00.240 --> 00:09:03.120 you're going to want a decent amount of soil on your hand. 00:09:03.120 --> 00:09:07.580 I think the guidelines from that starts about 25g. 00:09:07.580 --> 00:09:09.590 You really just want to fill your palm up. 00:09:09.590 --> 00:09:11.740 And yours isn't going to look like this here. 00:09:11.740 --> 00:09:15.480 This is soil I had that I ground up for analysis, and it's real dry. 00:09:15.480 --> 00:09:18.560 So that's why it looks the way it does. But, 00:09:19.640 --> 00:09:21.720 you just want a good amount in your hand 00:09:21.720 --> 00:09:25.320 and, what you want to do, you want to wet it the soil until it's moist. 00:09:26.240 --> 00:09:29.240 And you don't want it too wet, what you want, 00:09:29.240 --> 00:09:31.800 you kind of want it to have a shine on the surface. 00:09:31.800 --> 00:09:35.160 If you have too much water, it's going to cause the soil to fall apart. 00:09:35.160 --> 00:09:38.960 And you're going to have to either start again or add more dry soil to it to 00:09:39.800 --> 00:09:41.600 get it to take. 00:09:41.600 --> 00:09:44.600 But if you don't add enough water, you won't be able to feel, 00:09:44.600 --> 00:09:47.700 or adequately feel all the different particle sizes, and you can't 00:09:47.700 --> 00:09:50.600 get an accurate texture by feel. 00:09:51.480 --> 00:09:54.360 So, you kind of want it to have a shine. 00:09:54.360 --> 00:09:57.120 Let me see if I can get it here. 00:09:59.370 --> 00:10:03.200 I don't know if you can see that here, but that's about how wet you want it. 00:10:03.200 --> 00:10:04.520 I can work it up real good 00:10:04.520 --> 00:10:07.520 and feel everything right now. 00:10:08.480 --> 00:10:10.960 So what we're going to do after we get it wet. 00:10:10.960 --> 00:10:14.000 If I'm going to fast on any of this, just slow me down too. 00:10:15.640 --> 00:10:18.640 But, we're going to try to form a ball in your hands. 00:10:19.000 --> 00:10:21.640 And only soils with high sand percentages, 00:10:21.640 --> 00:10:24.240 that's the only one will not be able to form a ball. 00:10:24.240 --> 00:10:27.590 So automatically, if you can't form a ball with the soil, 00:10:27.590 --> 00:10:30.016 you know you have just sand. 00:10:30.016 --> 00:10:33.760 And a good way to tell, or pickup on clay content early on. 00:10:33.760 --> 00:10:36.920 It's going to feel very firm when working the soil into a ball. 00:10:36.920 --> 00:10:38.766 If you have high amounts of clay. 00:10:39.110 --> 00:10:42.240 And after this, we're going to try to form a ribbon from the ball. 00:10:42.240 --> 00:10:44.590 And I'll go into that more later. 00:10:45.560 --> 00:10:48.560 So this is what, ideally what your ball should look like. 00:10:48.840 --> 00:10:51.200 Again you want a decent amount. 00:10:51.200 --> 00:10:52.480 Notice the shine on here. 00:10:52.480 --> 00:10:55.480 So that's kind of how wet you want it. 00:10:55.800 --> 00:10:58.668 And just try to form the ball in your hands. 00:10:58.668 --> 00:11:02.800 Again, if you don't have a lot of sand, it won't be able to form a ball. 00:11:03.840 --> 00:11:07.520 But only, the only one not able to form a ball is straight sand. 00:11:07.960 --> 00:11:12.040 Even on the triangle early, there's this sandy loam category 00:11:12.040 --> 00:11:16.240 which is close to straight sand but it's, it should still be able to form a ball. 00:11:16.240 --> 00:11:20.050 So I don't think anybody here will have straight sand, hopefully. 00:11:21.320 --> 00:11:24.175 And again, your clay soils are going to feel very firm. 00:11:26.040 --> 00:11:28.597 So, we'll start on the ribbon now 00:11:28.597 --> 00:11:31.200 if you want to go to the next one. 00:11:31.920 --> 00:11:33.880 So, what we're going to do, 00:11:33.880 --> 00:11:36.880 if you just have, I'm gonna work this up in a ball again. 00:11:38.320 --> 00:11:39.360 Trash can 00:11:39.360 --> 00:11:42.020 so I don't get too nasty. 00:11:43.360 --> 00:11:44.070 So I have my, 00:11:44.070 --> 00:11:46.850 I don't know if you can see this, but I have my ball here. 00:11:46.850 --> 00:11:50.658 So what we're going to do is we're going to want to try to make a ribbon with it. 00:11:50.658 --> 00:11:52.560 So what we'll do, 00:11:52.560 --> 00:11:54.800 get it is about as round as you can. 00:11:54.800 --> 00:12:00.560 And you want to hold your thumb on the top and push it over your index finger, 00:12:00.560 --> 00:12:01.760 like this. 00:12:01.760 --> 00:12:04.360 Could you hold your hand up a little bit higher? 00:12:04.360 --> 00:12:05.280 Can you see it now? 00:12:05.280 --> 00:12:07.680 Maybe down a little bit. So yeah. There you go. 00:12:07.680 --> 00:12:08.520 Okay. 00:12:10.250 --> 00:12:13.530 So we're going to push it over our index finger. 00:12:13.530 --> 00:12:17.110 And what we're trying to look for here is how long it gets before it breaks. 00:12:17.110 --> 00:12:19.360 And that's a good way to, 00:12:19.360 --> 00:12:22.360 estimate your clay percentage and, 00:12:22.520 --> 00:12:25.520 the breaks here. 00:12:26.280 --> 00:12:29.520 If you have about a less than one inch ribbon before it breaks, 00:12:29.920 --> 00:12:32.680 you're going to either have a loam, 00:12:32.680 --> 00:12:35.680 silt loam or a sandy loam. 00:12:35.680 --> 00:12:37.400 And the way to determine from there. 00:12:37.400 --> 00:12:40.400 First off, you go by your ribbon length and that'll, 00:12:40.750 --> 00:12:43.080 give you a rough estimate of your clay percentage. 00:12:43.080 --> 00:12:47.000 And then if it feels real gritty, you'll probably have a sandy loam. 00:12:47.000 --> 00:12:49.800 If it feels extra smooth, 00:12:49.800 --> 00:12:50.880 it'll be a silt loam. 00:12:50.880 --> 00:12:53.880 And then if it's neither, you just go with a loam. 00:12:54.840 --> 00:12:57.840 If it's about one to two inches before breaking, 00:12:58.200 --> 00:13:02.600 you're either going to have a sandy clay loam, silty clay loam or clay loam. 00:13:02.600 --> 00:13:06.120 And again, just go off the grittiness or smoothness to it 00:13:06.480 --> 00:13:08.920 after you have your ribbon size. 00:13:08.920 --> 00:13:11.080 And let me try to work it up more. 00:13:13.320 --> 00:13:15.240 The soil I got was really dry too, 00:13:15.240 --> 00:13:18.240 so I had to add a lot of water to it before it'd start to take. 00:13:21.160 --> 00:13:23.000 And if it's more than two inches 00:13:23.000 --> 00:13:26.120 or 5cm, you're going to get into your real high 00:13:26.120 --> 00:13:29.120 clay texture classes and that'll either be, 00:13:29.760 --> 00:13:32.760 sandy clay, silty clay or clay. 00:13:33.640 --> 00:13:38.600 And once you get over about 50 to 60% clay, that's super high. 00:13:38.600 --> 00:13:42.080 Like a high clay percentage is to like 30%. 00:13:42.080 --> 00:13:45.596 But once you're over 50 or so, it's just going to be straight clay 00:13:45.596 --> 00:13:48.240 on all of the triangle. 00:13:48.800 --> 00:13:50.760 So, if you want to go to the next slide, 00:13:50.760 --> 00:13:54.440 it shows kind of what it should look like when you first work it up. 00:13:55.240 --> 00:13:57.800 So that's how you go. 00:13:57.800 --> 00:13:59.870 Just keep pushing it over until you get it. 00:13:59.870 --> 00:14:02.030 And you kind of want it thinner than that. But 00:14:02.030 --> 00:14:05.430 that's what it should look like when you first start making your ribbon, 00:14:05.430 --> 00:14:08.480 and you just kind of want it to fall over your finger here. 00:14:09.880 --> 00:14:13.240 And this is a good way just to get an idea when you're first doing it. 00:14:13.240 --> 00:14:14.540 A lot of people, 00:14:14.540 --> 00:14:17.900 they don't, or a lot of people I know don't even use the ribbon method. 00:14:17.900 --> 00:14:21.680 They've just done it so much, they kind of know how it feels like. But, 00:14:21.960 --> 00:14:25.920 the ribbon is the best way to tell for the first time, how much clay you have. 00:14:27.240 --> 00:14:30.240 And if you go to the next slide. 00:14:30.720 --> 00:14:33.200 That'll show, what the final ribbon should look like. 00:14:33.200 --> 00:14:35.760 And that's from the same soil I'm holding here. 00:14:35.760 --> 00:14:37.040 It just looks different. 00:14:37.040 --> 00:14:38.760 I probably had it 00:14:38.760 --> 00:14:41.760 at a better consistency when I first worked up, but, 00:14:42.180 --> 00:14:45.440 again, your higher clay contents are going to lead to longer ribbons. 00:14:45.720 --> 00:14:48.040 And that ribbon there, I have it, 00:14:48.040 --> 00:14:49.200 here, probably right up 00:14:50.280 --> 00:14:53.280 close to maybe two inches or so. 00:14:53.280 --> 00:14:56.440 So I think this and it's, doesn't feel gritty at all. 00:14:56.440 --> 00:14:57.400 It's kind of smooth. 00:14:57.400 --> 00:15:01.640 So this is probably either a silty clay loam or a silty clay. 00:15:01.840 --> 00:15:06.040 Going based off this, I forget what the soil series had it described as but 00:15:06.800 --> 00:15:07.910 going off the ribbon 00:15:07.910 --> 00:15:10.480 it's going to be right on the borderline of those two. 00:15:10.480 --> 00:15:13.200 And you would just make your best estimate at that point. 00:15:13.200 --> 00:15:16.200 Getting it that close is pretty good no matter what. 00:15:18.120 --> 00:15:21.017 If you want to go to the next slide, 00:15:21.017 --> 00:15:23.120 I can tell you some other things to consider. 00:15:23.120 --> 00:15:24.760 And if anybody needs me to go back 00:15:24.760 --> 00:15:29.040 or show more of the ribbon, just put it in the chat and I'll try to show it more. 00:15:30.640 --> 00:15:32.360 But a way to help with determining 00:15:32.360 --> 00:15:35.360 the exact sand percentage of your soil. 00:15:36.600 --> 00:15:39.600 So what we want to do is put a real small amount 00:15:40.280 --> 00:15:43.280 in our hand, and by a small amount, I mean 00:15:43.890 --> 00:15:44.640 something, 00:15:44.640 --> 00:15:46.630 I don't know if you can see 00:15:46.630 --> 00:15:48.320 how much I have here, but not much. 00:15:48.320 --> 00:15:50.920 Maybe a little more than this. But it won't take much. 00:15:50.920 --> 00:15:52.880 And there's no sand in this either. 00:15:52.880 --> 00:15:55.560 But just to show you kind of how much you want. 00:15:55.560 --> 00:16:00.080 So you put a very small amount and you'll leave it in the palm of your hand, 00:16:00.540 --> 00:16:01.960 and that'll make a mess here. 00:16:01.960 --> 00:16:04.200 But oh well. 00:16:04.200 --> 00:16:07.400 So what you'll do, you'll about flood your hand. 00:16:08.000 --> 00:16:10.390 Just get like, a pool of water, 00:16:10.390 --> 00:16:13.320 and you want to have it thoroughly, and you want to rub it in, 00:16:13.800 --> 00:16:14.640 and you want to 00:16:14.640 --> 00:16:17.640 get it good and just kind of let it drain out. 00:16:19.960 --> 00:16:21.560 And if you have sand in there, 00:16:21.560 --> 00:16:24.720 the sand should all only sand should be left. 00:16:24.820 --> 00:16:26.960 All the others should wash out with the water. 00:16:26.960 --> 00:16:29.440 If you just kind of carefully drain it. 00:16:29.440 --> 00:16:33.480 And what you do is you compare what's remaining to the initial amount you had, 00:16:33.480 --> 00:16:37.080 and that'll give you a rough, rough estimate of your sand. 00:16:38.440 --> 00:16:41.920 And, if you go based off of that, 00:16:42.480 --> 00:16:45.400 you can add that to your clay percentage. 00:16:45.400 --> 00:16:49.400 Eli, I understand when you're flooding your hand, you cannot hold your hand 00:16:49.400 --> 00:16:51.960 over your computer for it to show up in the video. 00:16:51.960 --> 00:16:53.160 Please don't do that. 00:16:53.160 --> 00:16:54.280 Can you describe it? 00:16:54.280 --> 00:16:56.520 You've got you've got some soil in your hand. 00:16:56.520 --> 00:16:59.440 You're adding water like a puddle, right? 00:16:59.440 --> 00:17:00.552 Yeah. And you're- 00:17:00.552 --> 00:17:03.010 Don't try to show that for the video. 00:17:04.780 --> 00:17:05.810 Here I'll stay right 00:17:05.810 --> 00:17:08.984 You're able to hold your hand further away from the camera, yep. 00:17:08.984 --> 00:17:11.710 Back up a little bit and you should be able to show that, 00:17:11.710 --> 00:17:13.040 There you go. Okay, well. 00:17:13.040 --> 00:17:16.840 All I did was get my hand real wet, and I had, like, a pinch of soil in there, 00:17:16.840 --> 00:17:19.440 you just rub it in. 00:17:20.110 --> 00:17:21.920 You just rub it in and drain it out, 00:17:21.920 --> 00:17:25.220 and you can see the sand grains left over, and you kind of compare 00:17:25.520 --> 00:17:29.040 the amount they take up on your hand to what was there before. 00:17:29.520 --> 00:17:32.880 And that'll give you a rough estimate of your sand percentage. 00:17:33.440 --> 00:17:37.480 And if you add that to your clay, you can subtract it from 100 to get your silt. 00:17:38.040 --> 00:17:41.280 And then, add that to determine what texture class 00:17:41.280 --> 00:17:44.280 you have. 00:17:44.320 --> 00:17:47.040 And then there's some other weird ways to pick up on sand. 00:17:48.200 --> 00:17:50.240 You can hear it. 00:17:50.240 --> 00:17:52.950 I know it sounds weird, but if you have a lot of sand, 00:17:52.950 --> 00:17:56.040 you can put it up to your ear when you're working it in the ball, 00:17:56.040 --> 00:17:59.040 and you'll kind of hear that gritty sound. 00:18:00.240 --> 00:18:03.320 And, it's really just to let you know that it's there 00:18:03.320 --> 00:18:06.320 and you can't really determine how much you have 00:18:06.720 --> 00:18:09.720 at that point, but it's a good indication that you have sand. 00:18:10.280 --> 00:18:13.880 And, I know a lot of people that have tasted their soil 00:18:13.880 --> 00:18:15.480 to try to determine sand. 00:18:15.480 --> 00:18:18.360 I wouldn't recommend doing this. 00:18:18.360 --> 00:18:21.560 That, those sand grains are going to stay in your mouth 00:18:21.560 --> 00:18:25.280 a lot longer than you think they would, and it, it's not a fun time. 00:18:25.280 --> 00:18:27.820 Also, no telling what's 00:18:27.820 --> 00:18:30.510 in your soil sample that you have, so you probably don't 00:18:30.510 --> 00:18:32.210 want to go around eating it anyway. 00:18:32.210 --> 00:18:35.480 But some of the people I did soil judging with didn't really care, 00:18:35.480 --> 00:18:36.987 and they'd eat it all the time. 00:18:38.760 --> 00:18:39.540 Again with soil. 00:18:39.540 --> 00:18:43.200 If you have high clay contents, it's going to leave a fingerprint behind too. 00:18:43.200 --> 00:18:46.160 And what I mean by that is if you take your ball 00:18:47.400 --> 00:18:51.360 and just push it in, you can see, you probably can't see too good there, 00:18:51.360 --> 00:18:54.760 but it'll leave behind the fingerprint on the ball that you can see. 00:18:55.920 --> 00:18:58.920 If it's mainly silt or sand, it won't do that. 00:18:59.320 --> 00:19:04.800 And, if you have high clay soils, something we would do for fun. 00:19:04.800 --> 00:19:07.800 We'd let them dry out and throw each other throw at each other, 00:19:07.800 --> 00:19:10.290 and they'd stay together as a ball. 00:19:11.680 --> 00:19:13.080 If there's anything else 00:19:13.080 --> 00:19:16.500 I need to go over or re-texture anything just let me know.