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- [Christina] 我试图传递的
最重要的信息在于

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经济学是个实践领域

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如果你获得了新的一手证据

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你对此经济的看法

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就要改变

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我认为对于年轻的
经济学家来说

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对此持开放态度是最重要的

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♪ [音乐] ♪

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- [讲解员] 经济学家

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这个群体中
女性并不多见

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这引起了不少争议

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可是我们往往却忽略了那些
通过解决实际问题

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切实推动经济学
不断向前发展的女经济学家们

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欢迎收看
“经济学界的杰出女性”

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- [Christina] 我生长在一个

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经常讨论公共政策的家庭

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我本打算做个律师

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所以我选了政府管理专业

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在我们学院学习此专业

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必须先修一年的经济学

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大约三个星期
我就迷上了经济学

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什么政府管理，律师

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我成了经济学者

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-Christina Romer
是一位宏观经济史学家

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她采用现代经济学手段

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统计和数据

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并将其应用于历史问题上

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-[James] Christy
整个职业生涯的研究

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专注于有关经济波动
和商业周期

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这一核心主题

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- 从她的MIT研究生论文起

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就一直在质疑和解答

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有关经济的有趣问题

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在那儿，逐步地

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她改变了我们对经济的理解

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- [Christina] 我记得
我遇到的问题是

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货币政策和商业周期

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以及经济大萧条

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-人们普遍认为是政府政策

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减轻了二战后

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失业的波动性

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但是，二战之前的数据
是不可靠的

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- [Nancy] 但是Christy
提出了独到的见解

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虽然无法理清历史数据

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但可以对现代数据
建立模糊关系

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而这正是她所做的

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一旦这样做之后，瞧瞧

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所有那些差异
基本上都消失了

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-令人惊讶的是

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当她将旧方法应用于新数据

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二战后的经济看起来

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和二战前的经济一样动荡

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这与政府政策能稳定经济的

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共识相矛盾

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她的研究震惊了经济界

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-[David]这引起了轰动

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我记得当时
MIT 的一位经济学家

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他的第一个反应就是

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如果我相信这话
我会很沮丧

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所以我是不会相信的

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-在她的整个学术生涯中

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Christina继续挑战

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人们对大萧条的理解

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仅举一个例子
大多数经济学家认为

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大萧条的结束

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是由于政府支出的增加

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以及对公共设施的投资

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她指出，与货币政策的变化相比

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这些政策的影响力

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相对较小

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-[David]从罗斯福

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在1933年上任后

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使美国脱离了金本位制开始

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在接下来的十年中

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货币供应量大大增加

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她展示的是

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这才是导致我们
快速增长的原因

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- Christina 的研究通常集中在

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对人们的日常生活
有影响的经济事件上

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-[James]对同一事件

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一次次地有新的想法

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是件很难的事

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Christy和David研究项目的

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非凡之处在于

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他们非常成功地做到了这点

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-35年多以来

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Christina的研究细致入微

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很多时候，她与她的丈夫
David Romer一起合作

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-[David]在我们写论文时
我觉得差不多了

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我们为此已经付出了很多努力

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最后互相校对一遍

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她会说：我认为
在4b结束的地方

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和我们在2a中

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列出的工作方式之间

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不合乎逻辑

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我会想，哦
没人会注意到的

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我们又会花上数周的时间
因为她是对的

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论文的质量更高

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-[James]她杰出的贡献之一
是她工作的连贯性

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毫不夸张地说
从她学生时代的

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学术论文

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到最近，在经济中

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对确定转折点方法的观点

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都是相关的

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- 2008年，美国经济成了自由落体

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Christina的理论

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将在毁灭性的崩溃中经受考验

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-[Christina]我们经常
描述经济为

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在悬崖的边缘

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而事实是
我们不仅在悬崖的边缘

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我们已经掉进悬崖

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-金融市场暴跌

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从美国蔓延到全球经济的

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风险非常大

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-[James]连见过大世面的人

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都很担心到底发生了什么

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- 正当国家要求

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当选总统奥巴马
来解决经济危机时

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Christina的收件箱
出现了一封神秘的电子邮件

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主题行显示：“奥巴马转型”

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-[David]我得在这儿邀点功劳

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因为在Christina要删除它时

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我说：你至少谷歌一下那个人？

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她发现他是转型期

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经济方面的负责人

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-奥巴马政府

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想尽快与 Christina见面

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-[David]第二天
她坐飞机前往芝加哥

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会见当选总统

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-Christina应邀担任

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经济顾问委员会主席

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成立这个委员会

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是为了让学者参与决策过程

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并向总统提出建议

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- [Christina]我问
Rahm Emanuel

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请再告诉我一次
我是怎么得到这份工作的

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他说：您是大萧条方面的专家

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我们认为我们可能需要
一位这样的人

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- [Janet] 她试图了解
造成大萧条的原因

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如何结束的

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货币和财政政策
可以发挥什么作用

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没有人比她更解

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正确的策略

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♪ [音乐] ♪

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