1
00:00:08,980 --> 00:00:12,163
Before he turned physics upside down,

2
00:00:12,163 --> 00:00:15,849
a young Albert Einstein supposedly
showed off his genius

3
00:00:15,849 --> 00:00:21,952
by devising a complex riddle involving
this list of clues.

4
00:00:21,952 --> 00:00:24,105
Can you resist tackling a brain teaser

5
00:00:24,105 --> 00:00:27,123
written by one of the smartest 
people in history?

6
00:00:27,123 --> 00:00:28,596
Let's give it a shot.

7
00:00:28,596 --> 00:00:32,676
The world's rarest fish has been
stolen from the city aquarium.

8
00:00:32,676 --> 00:00:38,786
The police have followed the scent to a
street with five identical looking houses.

9
00:00:38,786 --> 00:00:41,291
But they can't search 
all the houses at once,

10
00:00:41,291 --> 00:00:45,244
and if they pick the wrong one,
the thief will know they're on his trail.

11
00:00:45,244 --> 00:00:50,189
It's up to you, the city's best detective,
to solve the case.

12
00:00:50,189 --> 00:00:53,491
When you arrive on the scene,
the police tell you what they know.

13
00:00:53,491 --> 00:00:55,131
One:

14
00:00:55,131 --> 00:00:58,215
each house's owner 
is of a different nationality,

15
00:00:58,215 --> 00:00:59,716
drinks a different beverage,

16
00:00:59,716 --> 00:01:02,709
and smokes a different type of cigar.

17
00:01:02,709 --> 00:01:03,568
Two:

18
00:01:03,568 --> 00:01:08,060
each house's interior walls
are painted a different color.

19
00:01:08,060 --> 00:01:08,933
Three:

20
00:01:08,933 --> 00:01:14,607
each house contains a different animal,
one of which is the fish.

21
00:01:14,607 --> 00:01:18,428
After a few hours of expert sleuthing,
you gather some clues.

22
00:01:18,428 --> 00:01:20,546
It may look like a lot of information,

23
00:01:20,546 --> 00:01:23,597
but there's a clear logical path
to the solution.

24
00:01:23,597 --> 00:01:26,203
Solving the puzzle will be
a lot like Sudoku,

25
00:01:26,203 --> 00:01:32,668
so you may find it helpful to organize
your information in a grid, like this.

26
00:01:32,668 --> 00:01:36,415
Pause the video on the following screen to
examine your clues and solve the riddle.

27
00:01:39,285 --> 00:01:40,115
Answer in: 3

28
00:01:40,115 --> 00:01:41,146
2

29
00:01:41,146 --> 00:01:42,307
1

30
00:01:42,307 --> 00:01:47,024
To start, you fill in the information
from clues eight and nine.

31
00:01:47,024 --> 00:01:51,455
Immediately, you also realize that since
the Norwegian is at the end of the street,

32
00:01:51,455 --> 00:01:53,639
there's only one house next to him,

33
00:01:53,639 --> 00:01:57,383
which must be the one with the blue walls
in clue fourteen.

34
00:01:57,383 --> 00:02:01,695
Clue five says the green-walled
house's owner drinks coffee.

35
00:02:01,695 --> 00:02:06,215
It can't be the center house since you
already know its owner drinks milk,

36
00:02:06,215 --> 00:02:11,211
but it also can't be the second house,
which you know has blue walls.

37
00:02:11,211 --> 00:02:12,561
And since clue four says

38
00:02:12,561 --> 00:02:16,823
the green-walled house must be directly
to the left of the white-walled one,

39
00:02:16,823 --> 00:02:20,077
it can't be the first 
or fifth house either.

40
00:02:20,077 --> 00:02:22,707
The only place left 
for the green-walled house

41
00:02:22,707 --> 00:02:25,694
with the coffee drinker
is the fourth spot,

42
00:02:25,694 --> 00:02:28,841
meaning the white-walled house
is the fifth.

43
00:02:28,841 --> 00:02:31,884
Clue one gives you 
a nationality and a color.

44
00:02:31,884 --> 00:02:35,539
Since the only column missing both
these values is the center one,

45
00:02:35,539 --> 00:02:38,923
this must be the Brit's red-walled home.

46
00:02:38,923 --> 00:02:41,964
Now that the only unassigned 
wall color is yellow,

47
00:02:41,964 --> 00:02:44,467
this must be applied to the first house,

48
00:02:44,467 --> 00:02:47,455
where clue seven says 
the Dunhill smoker lives.

49
00:02:47,455 --> 00:02:51,663
And clue eleven tells you that
the owner of the horse is next door,

50
00:02:51,663 --> 00:02:55,002
which can only be the second house.

51
00:02:55,002 --> 00:02:59,651
The next step is to figure out what
the Norwegian in the first house drinks.

52
00:02:59,651 --> 00:03:03,015
It can't be tea, clue three tells you
that's the Dane.

53
00:03:03,015 --> 00:03:08,674
As per clue twelve, it can't be root beer
since that person smokes Bluemaster,

54
00:03:08,674 --> 00:03:11,370
and since you already 
assigned milk and coffee,

55
00:03:11,370 --> 00:03:13,167
it must be water.

56
00:03:13,167 --> 00:03:14,456
From clue fifteen,

57
00:03:14,456 --> 00:03:18,076
you know that the Norwegian's neighbor,
who can only be in the second house,

58
00:03:18,076 --> 00:03:20,170
smokes Blends.

59
00:03:20,170 --> 00:03:23,124
Now that the only spot in the grid
without a cigar and a drink

60
00:03:23,124 --> 00:03:24,600
is in the fifth column,

61
00:03:24,600 --> 00:03:27,908
that must be the home of the person
in clue twelve.

62
00:03:27,908 --> 00:03:31,403
And since this leaves only the second
house without a drink,

63
00:03:31,403 --> 00:03:35,615
the tea-drinking Dane must live there.

64
00:03:35,615 --> 00:03:40,686
The fourth house is now the only one
missing a nationality and a cigar brand,

65
00:03:40,686 --> 00:03:45,181
so the Prince-smoking German
from clue thirteen must live there.

66
00:03:45,181 --> 00:03:48,623
Through elimination, you can conclude
that the Brit smokes Pall Mall

67
00:03:48,623 --> 00:03:51,470
and the Swede lives in the fifth house,

68
00:03:51,470 --> 00:03:53,684
while clue six and clue two tell you

69
00:03:53,684 --> 00:03:57,807
that these two have a bird 
and a dog, respectively.

70
00:03:57,807 --> 00:04:01,974
Clue ten tells you that the cat owner
lives next to the Blend-smoking Dane,

71
00:04:01,974 --> 00:04:05,440
putting him in the first house.

72
00:04:05,440 --> 00:04:07,658
Now with only one spot left on the grid,

73
00:04:07,658 --> 00:04:11,750
you know that the German in the 
green-walled house must be the culprit.

74
00:04:11,750 --> 00:04:13,695
You and the police burst into the house,

75
00:04:13,695 --> 00:04:16,783
catching the thief fish-handed.

76
00:04:16,783 --> 00:04:18,933
While that explanation 
was straightforward,

77
00:04:18,933 --> 00:04:23,749
solving puzzles like this often
involves false starts and dead ends.

78
00:04:23,749 --> 00:04:26,479
Part of the trick is to use 
the process of elimination

79
00:04:26,479 --> 00:04:30,505
and lots of trial and error
to hone in on the right pieces,

80
00:04:30,505 --> 00:04:32,359
and the more logic puzzles you solve,

81
00:04:32,359 --> 00:04:34,211
the better your intuition will be

82
00:04:34,211 --> 00:04:39,035
for when and where there's enough 
information to make your deductions.

83
00:04:39,035 --> 00:04:42,238
And did young Einstein 
really write this puzzle?

84
00:04:42,238 --> 00:04:43,678
Probably not.

85
00:04:43,678 --> 00:04:44,988
There's no evidence he did,

86
00:04:44,988 --> 00:04:47,784
and some of the brands mentioned
are too recent.

87
00:04:47,784 --> 00:04:49,460
But the logic here is not so different

88
00:04:49,460 --> 00:04:53,181
from what you'd use to solve equations
with multiple variables,

89
00:04:53,181 --> 00:04:55,782
even those describing 
the nature of the universe.