1
00:00:09,894 --> 00:00:12,396
I have some good news for you today.

2
00:00:12,977 --> 00:00:16,677
And that is that you can
rewire your brains

3
00:00:17,197 --> 00:00:21,333
and be great in your own right 
if you really want to.

4
00:00:21,623 --> 00:00:24,566
I'm going to give you
a brain-based perspective

5
00:00:24,826 --> 00:00:26,701
on why we say that.

6
00:00:27,631 --> 00:00:31,334
Your brain will look
different on the inside

7
00:00:31,334 --> 00:00:33,325
when you go home tonight

8
00:00:33,325 --> 00:00:38,205
than what it looked like
before you came here this morning.

9
00:00:39,945 --> 00:00:45,195
Nelson Mandela was known for saying,
"I was in jail for 27 years,

10
00:00:45,475 --> 00:00:48,220
but my mind was never in jail."

11
00:00:48,610 --> 00:00:53,696
So we're going to have a little bit
of a neuroplasticity perspective

12
00:00:53,696 --> 00:00:57,268
on how we can become great
in our own right.

13
00:00:57,618 --> 00:01:00,441
Now, when we look at this slide,

14
00:01:01,001 --> 00:01:04,873
that's what a normal brain
is supposed to look like.

15
00:01:05,393 --> 00:01:10,871
And specifically, I'd like you
to focus on an area there

16
00:01:11,271 --> 00:01:14,387
which we call the cerebellum.

17
00:01:16,207 --> 00:01:19,879
When we look at
a live model of this brain,

18
00:01:20,069 --> 00:01:21,739
this is what your brain looks like,

19
00:01:21,739 --> 00:01:25,633
and the cerebellum
is this area at the bottom.

20
00:01:25,953 --> 00:01:29,743
The cerebellum's function
is to give you balance,

21
00:01:30,173 --> 00:01:32,208
coordinated movements,

22
00:01:32,548 --> 00:01:35,672
it controls certain aspects 
of your speech,

23
00:01:36,072 --> 00:01:41,441
but it's also the home
of 50% of your brain cells.

24
00:01:41,711 --> 00:01:44,559
So obviously, one would assume

25
00:01:44,559 --> 00:01:47,452
that that's a very important
part of our brain.

26
00:01:48,182 --> 00:01:52,671
Now, a woman in China
was admitted to a hospital,

27
00:01:53,241 --> 00:01:55,379
complaining of nausea

28
00:01:55,773 --> 00:02:00,825
and just having vertigo and imbalance.

29
00:02:02,343 --> 00:02:04,127
When they did a CAT scan,

30
00:02:04,127 --> 00:02:07,666
it revealed that this woman's brain

31
00:02:07,666 --> 00:02:09,064
looked like this.

32
00:02:10,014 --> 00:02:13,768
Please note that black area there

33
00:02:13,768 --> 00:02:17,283
is only cerebrospinal fluids.

34
00:02:17,498 --> 00:02:20,379
Her cerebellum was missing.

35
00:02:21,049 --> 00:02:22,510
Are you freaking out yet?

36
00:02:22,510 --> 00:02:23,507
(Laughter)

37
00:02:23,507 --> 00:02:27,686
How is it possible
that you can go to hospital,

38
00:02:27,966 --> 00:02:30,313
you act like a normal person,

39
00:02:30,603 --> 00:02:32,917
you speak, you walk, you talk?

40
00:02:33,307 --> 00:02:35,655
Yes, dizziness, nausea,

41
00:02:35,915 --> 00:02:37,955
but no one expected this.

42
00:02:38,775 --> 00:02:44,040
Now, our whole talk
is about how your brain compensates.

43
00:02:44,420 --> 00:02:46,091
And it's going to be very important

44
00:02:46,091 --> 00:02:48,748
that we need to understand how that works.

45
00:02:48,748 --> 00:02:51,427
The principle is called neuroplasticity.

46
00:02:51,997 --> 00:02:53,889
Now, this lady,

47
00:02:54,349 --> 00:03:00,387
despite mild mental impairment
and some imbalance,

48
00:03:00,537 --> 00:03:04,128
she managed to marry, have children,

49
00:03:04,128 --> 00:03:06,903
and have a fairly normal life.

50
00:03:07,383 --> 00:03:10,028
And scientists were fascinated,

51
00:03:10,028 --> 00:03:15,078
How is this possible that someone
can live a life like this

52
00:03:15,528 --> 00:03:17,706
and be seen as normal,

53
00:03:17,906 --> 00:03:21,767
yet half of her brain cells are missing?

54
00:03:22,566 --> 00:03:24,819
And that's the significance of this case.

55
00:03:24,819 --> 00:03:29,135
How is it possible
that the brain can adapt

56
00:03:29,135 --> 00:03:33,714
so that people can still have
a fairly normal life

57
00:03:34,544 --> 00:03:36,866
without half of their brain cells?

58
00:03:37,026 --> 00:03:43,544
And this case is a testimony
for this principle called neuroplasticity.

59
00:03:44,273 --> 00:03:47,233
Now, to give you an example again,

60
00:03:47,693 --> 00:03:50,509
this woman's brain, literally -

61
00:03:50,509 --> 00:03:53,249
if we now looked at a model of the brain,

62
00:03:53,249 --> 00:03:56,251
said this whole area was gone,

63
00:03:57,141 --> 00:03:58,588
and she adapted.

64
00:03:58,928 --> 00:04:00,637
Neuroplasticity

65
00:04:00,637 --> 00:04:06,340
is about the brain's ability
to adapt and rewire itself

66
00:04:06,340 --> 00:04:10,679
so you can survive
and thrive in your world.

67
00:04:11,229 --> 00:04:13,878
Except for regulating
basic bodily functions,

68
00:04:13,878 --> 00:04:18,360
what we have to remember
is the main function of your brain

69
00:04:18,620 --> 00:04:20,850
is to help you survive.

70
00:04:21,080 --> 00:04:25,495
And that's good news
because your brain will help you adapt.

71
00:04:25,495 --> 00:04:30,179
If you do the hard work
to build new pathways,

72
00:04:30,309 --> 00:04:34,209
the brain can adjust and adapt
to help you not just survive

73
00:04:34,499 --> 00:04:36,796
but to actually thrive.

74
00:04:38,276 --> 00:04:41,820
What I'd like you to do
as you are sitting there,

75
00:04:42,000 --> 00:04:44,485
I'd like you to clap your hands

76
00:04:44,775 --> 00:04:47,623
and cross over,
touch your nose and your ear,

77
00:04:47,623 --> 00:04:49,311
and switch over to the other side.

78
00:04:49,311 --> 00:04:53,010
So just do this simple
movement activity with me, please.

79
00:04:53,510 --> 00:04:54,519
Aha!

80
00:04:55,152 --> 00:04:56,234
(Laughter)

81
00:04:58,274 --> 00:05:03,207
So how are we doing here with regards
to feeling how brain fit we are?

82
00:05:04,097 --> 00:05:08,998
This is a simple bilateral
or cross-lateral movement activity

83
00:05:08,998 --> 00:05:12,696
that we do to improve our brain fitness.

84
00:05:13,046 --> 00:05:14,328
The good news about this

85
00:05:14,328 --> 00:05:18,980
is if you're going
to continuously try this,

86
00:05:19,470 --> 00:05:21,450
the harder you try

87
00:05:21,570 --> 00:05:23,810
and the more intensely you repeat this,

88
00:05:23,850 --> 00:05:25,962
the quicker you'll learn to do this.

89
00:05:26,392 --> 00:05:29,181
Again, it shows you
how powerful your brain is

90
00:05:29,181 --> 00:05:33,304
and how quickly we can improve
our neuro-agility.

91
00:05:33,304 --> 00:05:35,523
Now, our world is changing very fast,

92
00:05:35,523 --> 00:05:38,751
and we are facing
an era of disruptive change,

93
00:05:38,751 --> 00:05:42,811
and we are going to need
to be really neuro-agile people

94
00:05:42,811 --> 00:05:45,687
to not just survive
but to thrive in that world.

95
00:05:46,177 --> 00:05:50,096
And that means that we are going
to have to flex our mental muscle.

96
00:05:50,976 --> 00:05:55,016
Now, let's quickly talk
about how neuroplasticity works,

97
00:05:55,126 --> 00:05:57,001
and what does it look like.

98
00:05:57,321 --> 00:06:00,518
There are three levels
that we need to understand

99
00:06:00,518 --> 00:06:03,597
on the way neuroplasticity works.

100
00:06:03,917 --> 00:06:08,778
Right now, at this moment,
as you are listening to me,

101
00:06:09,648 --> 00:06:13,333
your brain cells
are making those connections.

102
00:06:13,613 --> 00:06:16,060
But if we cut the brain open,

103
00:06:16,140 --> 00:06:21,158
you will see that your brain
has white and grey matters;

104
00:06:21,478 --> 00:06:26,215
in other words, that's where the learning 
and the thinking really takes place.

105
00:06:26,695 --> 00:06:32,609
So your brain on its most basic level
functions electrochemically.

106
00:06:32,879 --> 00:06:36,321
And if we talk about
electrochemical functioning,

107
00:06:36,401 --> 00:06:42,684
it literally means that the brain
produces 20 to 25 watts of electricity,

108
00:06:43,114 --> 00:06:48,847
and that these impulses are transmitted
from one cell to another.

109
00:06:49,077 --> 00:06:51,438
So what you will see on the screen

110
00:06:51,728 --> 00:06:54,198
are those impulses being transmitted

111
00:06:54,198 --> 00:06:57,814
through the dendrites
of a neuron, a brain cell.

112
00:06:57,942 --> 00:06:59,983
But what you are looking at now

113
00:07:00,113 --> 00:07:04,095
is that you will see there are also
some chemicals being released

114
00:07:04,095 --> 00:07:09,429
that transmit these messages
from one cell to another.

115
00:07:09,909 --> 00:07:13,888
So the best way to illustrate this is -

116
00:07:13,908 --> 00:07:19,026
I want two people who I have asked
before we started this session

117
00:07:19,026 --> 00:07:20,765
to just come on stage,

118
00:07:20,805 --> 00:07:25,539
and I want to illustrate to you
the electrical functioning of your brain,

119
00:07:25,539 --> 00:07:28,644
and I want you to think
about the impact of that.

120
00:07:28,890 --> 00:07:34,031
So in my hand, I have a thing
called an energy ball.

121
00:07:34,211 --> 00:07:38,594
It's just a little ball with a flashlight,
and it's got two poles,

122
00:07:38,594 --> 00:07:40,456
a positive and a negative.

123
00:07:40,456 --> 00:07:43,792
When these two poles
are connected with each other,

124
00:07:44,512 --> 00:07:47,114
the little flashlight goes off.

125
00:07:47,424 --> 00:07:49,705
Guys, can you come on stage, please?

126
00:07:50,015 --> 00:07:54,799
So all this proves is my body
conducts electricity,

127
00:07:54,829 --> 00:07:57,366
but it gets a little bit
more interesting than this.

128
00:07:57,416 --> 00:08:00,078
Can you just join me
on stage here, please?

129
00:08:00,538 --> 00:08:04,413
André, you stand on that side -
and there, there we go.

130
00:08:04,413 --> 00:08:07,321
Now, when we touch hands,

131
00:08:07,761 --> 00:08:11,574
all I'd like you to do,
just put your finger on that pole there.

132
00:08:11,644 --> 00:08:13,388
Nothing is happening now.

133
00:08:13,448 --> 00:08:15,323
Just touch hands.

134
00:08:16,253 --> 00:08:17,646
Break up.

135
00:08:18,156 --> 00:08:19,570
Touch hands.

136
00:08:20,240 --> 00:08:21,272
Break up.

137
00:08:21,362 --> 00:08:23,594
Okay, now, André, keep this in your hand

138
00:08:23,594 --> 00:08:25,755
so the camera can see.

139
00:08:25,865 --> 00:08:27,037
Hold my hand.

140
00:08:27,147 --> 00:08:29,904
Again, just touch
where you touched previously,

141
00:08:30,334 --> 00:08:31,396
and -

142
00:08:32,587 --> 00:08:33,499
Thank you.

143
00:08:33,619 --> 00:08:35,063
Now, keep it there.

144
00:08:35,753 --> 00:08:37,226
If I break up here -

145
00:08:37,786 --> 00:08:39,028
What this illustrates -

146
00:08:39,028 --> 00:08:41,166
Thank you so much. Much appreciated.

147
00:08:41,166 --> 00:08:44,035
(Applause)

148
00:08:44,035 --> 00:08:45,566
What this illustrates

149
00:08:45,716 --> 00:08:50,885
is that my energy
influences other people's energy.

150
00:08:51,555 --> 00:08:54,032
And the implication of this
is we need to think,

151
00:08:54,032 --> 00:08:57,443
What energy did you bring
into this room here today?

152
00:08:58,323 --> 00:09:00,576
Often when people meet
Nelson Mandela,

153
00:09:00,576 --> 00:09:04,867
they often would refer to him
being charismatic.

154
00:09:05,847 --> 00:09:09,254
And on its most basic scientific level,

155
00:09:09,514 --> 00:09:13,829
this man transmitted
tremendous constructiveness,

156
00:09:13,829 --> 00:09:15,222
positive energy.

157
00:09:15,742 --> 00:09:19,435
You see, we should think
about energy and electricity

158
00:09:19,435 --> 00:09:22,428
like dropping a stone into water.

159
00:09:22,568 --> 00:09:24,907
When we drop a stone into the water,

160
00:09:25,297 --> 00:09:27,303
it has a ripple effect,

161
00:09:27,813 --> 00:09:32,112
and so your and my energy
influence each other

162
00:09:32,112 --> 00:09:33,264
all the time.

163
00:09:33,264 --> 00:09:36,337
So that just illustrates
the electrical functioning.

164
00:09:36,337 --> 00:09:40,744
So the moment we choose to change
our thinking and our emotions,

165
00:09:40,744 --> 00:09:44,695
we change the energy
that we radiate into our world.

166
00:09:45,743 --> 00:09:48,591
But if we look at
the chemical functioning,

167
00:09:48,671 --> 00:09:52,753
very important that everything 
in your body is always about chemicals.

168
00:09:53,233 --> 00:09:57,465
And maybe the best way
to illustrate this again -

169
00:09:57,465 --> 00:09:59,992
when we look at the next picture,

170
00:10:00,332 --> 00:10:03,489
you will see that they are chemicals

171
00:10:03,489 --> 00:10:07,785
that help to transmit messages
from one brain cell to another one.

172
00:10:07,785 --> 00:10:10,754
We call them neurotransmitters.

173
00:10:11,114 --> 00:10:13,809
Now, I want to illustrate this
through a story.

174
00:10:14,159 --> 00:10:16,584
When Nelson Mandela was president,

175
00:10:16,794 --> 00:10:22,062
he once visited an old age home, 
and he was in the Alzheimer's ward,

176
00:10:22,242 --> 00:10:23,981
speaking to people there.

177
00:10:24,261 --> 00:10:26,334
And he walked up to an old lady,

178
00:10:26,524 --> 00:10:29,283
and he asked her,
"Do you know who I am?"

179
00:10:29,403 --> 00:10:30,944
And she looked at him like this,

180
00:10:30,944 --> 00:10:32,769
and she took him by the arm and said,

181
00:10:32,799 --> 00:10:36,199
"Listen, if you don't know
who you are, go ask the nurse."

182
00:10:36,244 --> 00:10:39,195
(Laughter)

183
00:10:39,305 --> 00:10:41,242
Why I told you this story

184
00:10:41,382 --> 00:10:45,796
was, simply, you experienced
a good feeling when you laughed.

185
00:10:45,886 --> 00:10:50,355
You experienced a chemical 
called serotonin being produced,

186
00:10:50,355 --> 00:10:51,989
which is good fuel.

187
00:10:52,429 --> 00:10:56,236
But we can also, if we stress too much,

188
00:10:56,706 --> 00:11:00,693
produce chemicals that act
as inhibiting chemicals.

189
00:11:00,773 --> 00:11:03,692
They block transmission between cells.

190
00:11:04,022 --> 00:11:06,528
So our thoughts and our emotions

191
00:11:06,528 --> 00:11:09,694
impact the chemicals
that regulate our mind.

192
00:11:09,974 --> 00:11:13,563
If I drive down the road
and someone runs right in front of me,

193
00:11:13,563 --> 00:11:16,723
and I hit the brakes,
and the car comes to a standstill,

194
00:11:16,982 --> 00:11:18,796
I feel pins and needles in my legs -

195
00:11:18,796 --> 00:11:22,462
an example of the inhibiting chemicals

196
00:11:22,522 --> 00:11:25,868
that influences - the fuel
that's not good for me.

197
00:11:26,048 --> 00:11:27,569
You control that.

198
00:11:27,879 --> 00:11:31,137
So, neuroplasticity 
on its most basic level,

199
00:11:31,137 --> 00:11:33,960
is about your electrochemical functioning.

200
00:11:34,616 --> 00:11:37,237
But when we look
at how your brain functions,

201
00:11:37,237 --> 00:11:39,163
and we cut open the brain,

202
00:11:39,253 --> 00:11:41,457
you look at your brain model like this,

203
00:11:41,687 --> 00:11:43,760
and you look at the white
and grey matters.

204
00:11:43,900 --> 00:11:47,120
At this moment,
as you are listening to me,

205
00:11:47,590 --> 00:11:52,076
your brain cells are connecting 
and making structural changes;

206
00:11:52,206 --> 00:11:55,815
and if you sufficiently reinforce 
those structural changes,

207
00:11:55,815 --> 00:11:58,058
it becomes a permanent pathway;

208
00:11:58,338 --> 00:12:00,470
and when it becomes a permanent pathway,

209
00:12:00,470 --> 00:12:03,902
it means your behavior,
that emotion or that habit,

210
00:12:03,902 --> 00:12:08,134
becomes second nature -
it becomes automatic.

211
00:12:08,354 --> 00:12:09,871
This is good news.

212
00:12:10,261 --> 00:12:13,769
You are the results
of these neuron pathways,

213
00:12:13,909 --> 00:12:16,746
and if they are pathways
and habits you don't like,

214
00:12:16,746 --> 00:12:18,296
you can change it,

215
00:12:18,676 --> 00:12:21,023
but you need to carve a new pathway

216
00:12:21,023 --> 00:12:23,949
into the white and grey
matters of your brain.

217
00:12:24,119 --> 00:12:26,218
With intensity and repetition,

218
00:12:26,278 --> 00:12:28,698
you need to replace
the old negative pathways

219
00:12:28,698 --> 00:12:30,230
with new constructive ones.

220
00:12:30,230 --> 00:12:31,842
But if you do,

221
00:12:32,462 --> 00:12:35,938
you bring about a structural
change in your brain.

222
00:12:36,926 --> 00:12:37,932
That's good news

223
00:12:37,932 --> 00:12:40,800
because it says we never
have to be victims

224
00:12:41,110 --> 00:12:44,401
of our "behavior" and our environment,

225
00:12:44,401 --> 00:12:48,283
but we can outthink our circumstances.

226
00:12:49,093 --> 00:12:52,036
But this case of the Chinese woman

227
00:12:52,406 --> 00:12:57,400
is a case where even functional changes
take place in the brain,

228
00:12:57,510 --> 00:13:00,488
where the functions of the cerebellum,

229
00:13:00,488 --> 00:13:04,605
of balance and coordinated movements
and some speech functions

230
00:13:04,605 --> 00:13:08,661
have been replaced 
by the cerebral cortex -

231
00:13:09,121 --> 00:13:10,937
this outer layer here.

232
00:13:11,657 --> 00:13:13,004
Fantastic!

233
00:13:13,004 --> 00:13:17,169
It means we can overcome adversity,

234
00:13:17,439 --> 00:13:20,304
and miracles can happen.

235
00:13:20,564 --> 00:13:22,860
Because from a scientific point of view,

236
00:13:23,050 --> 00:13:25,110
I still think it must be a miracle

237
00:13:25,260 --> 00:13:28,299
for someone to be born
without a cerebellum,

238
00:13:28,299 --> 00:13:30,639
and she lives a fairly normal life,

239
00:13:30,639 --> 00:13:31,849
and she's a mom,

240
00:13:31,849 --> 00:13:35,448
and she understands
the world the way I do.

241
00:13:36,418 --> 00:13:42,703
So, the implications are
we can change whatever we want

242
00:13:42,883 --> 00:13:45,216
if we could rewire ourselves

243
00:13:45,296 --> 00:13:49,873
and sufficiently spend time
with reinforcement and intensity

244
00:13:49,963 --> 00:13:52,720
to replace old negative behavior patterns

245
00:13:52,800 --> 00:13:55,421
with new constructive alternatives.

246
00:13:56,491 --> 00:13:59,529
The other implication
is quite profound for me.

247
00:13:59,979 --> 00:14:06,323
This woman never experienced
the label of being "disabled"

248
00:14:06,943 --> 00:14:10,400
because they didn't know
that she didn't have a cerebellum.

249
00:14:10,740 --> 00:14:15,587
Yes, she started only talking 
at six years old.

250
00:14:16,767 --> 00:14:18,773
Einstein started talking at five.

251
00:14:18,993 --> 00:14:20,424
So what's the problem?

252
00:14:20,454 --> 00:14:21,450
(Laughter)

253
00:14:21,450 --> 00:14:24,169
But she started walking only at seven.

254
00:14:24,169 --> 00:14:26,131
Yes, that's a bit late.

255
00:14:26,259 --> 00:14:31,628
But not having had the burden
of a label that "You are disabled"

256
00:14:32,068 --> 00:14:35,840
actually made her live
a fairly normal life.

257
00:14:36,400 --> 00:14:42,312
We should be careful of the labels
we put on ourselves and on others.

258
00:14:42,932 --> 00:14:47,513
So, if I want to, then, change my brain,

259
00:14:47,513 --> 00:14:48,869
how do I do it?

260
00:14:49,019 --> 00:14:52,858
One, assess all the bad habits,

261
00:14:52,858 --> 00:14:55,022
the things that are bad for your brain,

262
00:14:55,022 --> 00:14:57,341
the behavior you'd like to change.

263
00:14:57,381 --> 00:15:00,360
Two, you make a conscious choice

264
00:15:00,530 --> 00:15:06,130
to reinforce the new behavior
so much more than the old behavior,

265
00:15:06,130 --> 00:15:10,595
so you focus on your solutions
so much more than your problems.

266
00:15:11,155 --> 00:15:14,972
Three, it takes a lot of hard work
and reinforcement

267
00:15:15,222 --> 00:15:16,986
to build those pathways.

268
00:15:17,116 --> 00:15:19,436
Your brain works like a movie:

269
00:15:19,606 --> 00:15:22,348
it has a soundtrack, it has visuals,

270
00:15:22,408 --> 00:15:24,318
and it has emotions.

271
00:15:24,478 --> 00:15:25,770
So the bottom line,

272
00:15:25,770 --> 00:15:28,906
you want to reinforce new behavior,

273
00:15:29,076 --> 00:15:31,209
you start speaking words of life

274
00:15:31,209 --> 00:15:34,655
and speak positive,
constructive solutions.

275
00:15:34,895 --> 00:15:37,268
Two, think forward.

276
00:15:37,388 --> 00:15:39,624
Envision your solutions.

277
00:15:39,804 --> 00:15:40,957
Feed your mind

278
00:15:40,957 --> 00:15:42,866
with the pictures and the dreams

279
00:15:43,026 --> 00:15:47,674
that will help you become that person
who is great in your own right.

280
00:15:47,814 --> 00:15:50,391
Four, act upon it.

281
00:15:50,691 --> 00:15:51,721
Just do it.

282
00:15:52,041 --> 00:15:54,440
I love Nike statement: Just do it.

283
00:15:54,690 --> 00:15:55,957
Because when we do it,

284
00:15:55,957 --> 00:15:59,068
we seal the deal in the deepest
parts of the brain

285
00:15:59,068 --> 00:16:00,801
called the limbic system.

286
00:16:01,051 --> 00:16:05,721
So say it, see it, do it, experience it.

287
00:16:06,551 --> 00:16:10,217
I'd like to conclude this session
simply by saying this,

288
00:16:10,327 --> 00:16:13,903
You are the result of your thinking.

289
00:16:15,283 --> 00:16:19,106
Your habits is how you think habitually.

290
00:16:19,506 --> 00:16:23,291
So when your start
changing your thoughts habitually,

291
00:16:23,501 --> 00:16:25,683
you start changing your emotions.

292
00:16:25,953 --> 00:16:29,121
When you change
your thoughts and emotions,

293
00:16:29,121 --> 00:16:30,771
the fuel you run on,

294
00:16:30,831 --> 00:16:32,801
you change your behavior.

295
00:16:33,041 --> 00:16:36,736
When you change your thoughts, 
emotions and behavior,

296
00:16:36,826 --> 00:16:39,102
you change your performance.

297
00:16:39,392 --> 00:16:43,182
That puts you in the driver seat 
of your own life -

298
00:16:43,272 --> 00:16:45,630
master of your own destiny,

299
00:16:45,780 --> 00:16:48,005
architect of your own life.

300
00:16:48,215 --> 00:16:50,624
And that was an idea
I thought was worth sharing.

301
00:16:50,704 --> 00:16:53,741
(Applause)