Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation
-
0:04 - 0:14<Attaining Enlightenment
Through Meditation> -
0:14 - 0:18(Questioner) Hi, Sunim. Thank you
for giving me a chance to ask a question. -
0:18 - 0:22I have a question about meditation
and the study of the Buddhist scriptures. -
0:22 - 0:27I learned that the Buddha attained
a peaceful mind and profound enlightenment -
0:27 - 0:29through meditation.
-
0:29 - 0:33I am trying to practice meditation
for the same purpose. -
0:33 - 0:37But, as a beginner
who hasn't gone through the path, -
0:37 - 0:44I have doubts about how I can reach
such a deep state of enlightenment -
0:44 - 0:46simply by not thinking.
-
0:46 - 0:54Could you explain how meditation leads
to peace of mind and enlightenment? -
0:54 - 1:04(Sunim) Most of our suffering arises
primarily from our thoughts. -
1:04 - 1:21So, we must free ourselves
from our preconceived notions of -
1:21 - 1:30ethics, morality, religious beliefs, and
other paradigms that shape our thoughts. -
1:30 - 1:52For example, consider a man and a woman
who like each other and become lovers. -
1:52 - 2:00In a typical relationship
between two ordinary individuals, -
2:00 - 2:02they can simply like each other.
-
2:02 - 2:18However, if they are Buddhist or Catholic
clergy, they have been taught -
2:18 - 2:23not to engage in romantic
or sexual relationships. -
2:23 - 2:35So, those who have undergone
such training, -
2:35 - 2:39while experiencing joy
in their romantic relationship, -
2:39 - 2:42also struggle with guilt.
-
2:42 - 3:03That guilt, the negative feeling they get,
does not stem from the relationship itself -
3:03 - 3:10but rather from their belief
that they should not be engaging in it. -
3:10 - 3:30Much of the suffering and issues
we experience today occurs -
3:30 - 3:36due to the clash between reality,
what we truly experience, -
3:36 - 3:40and our preconceived notions
of how things should be. -
3:40 - 3:57This suffering disappears when we resolve
the contradiction in one of two ways: -
3:57 - 4:03either by letting go of our preconceptions
and accepting reality as it is -
4:03 - 4:07or by adhering to our preconceptions
and giving up what we desire in reality. -
4:07 - 4:23However, we can never truly resolve
this problem -
4:23 - 4:28if we attempt to hold onto
our preconceptions, -
4:28 - 4:31while simultaneously trying to attain
what we desire in reality, -
4:31 - 4:34because that contradiction
will inevitably persist. -
4:34 - 4:38Let's take another example.
-
4:38 - 4:51If there are traditional ethics
or morals dictating that -
4:51 - 4:55men and women of certain ages should not
see each other as romantic partners, -
4:55 - 5:00then engaging in such relationships
leads to suffering. -
5:00 - 5:11Similarly, if we're taught that
divorce is unacceptable after marriage, -
5:11 - 5:17yet circumstances call for
separation or divorce, -
5:17 - 5:21this contradiction results in suffering.
-
5:21 - 5:31In the natural course of life, people may
come together and go their separate ways. -
5:31 - 5:39Coming together is not
the cause of suffering, -
5:39 - 5:42nor is separation or divorce.
-
5:42 - 5:53Rather, it is our preconceived notions of
"what ought to be" that create suffering, -
5:53 - 5:57whether it's meeting for the first time
of a relationship or separating. -
5:57 - 6:11If we can let go of the idea
of "what ought to be," -
6:11 - 6:20we can eliminate much of the suffering
that arises from internal conflicts. -
6:20 - 6:58For example, when we teach our daughters
that having sex before marriage is a sin, -
6:58 - 7:02if they are later forced
into premarital sex, -
7:02 - 7:05it causes them
significant internal suffering. -
7:05 - 7:11But we do not emphasize this as much
when teaching our sons, -
7:11 - 7:16so if they have premarital sex,
they may not feel the same level of guilt. -
7:16 - 7:22This is entirely due to the preconceptions
we instill in our children. -
7:22 - 7:34If you were to stop thinking right now,
there would be no suffering. -
7:34 - 7:43This is why the foundation of meditation
is to stop thinking. -
7:43 - 7:55What position you take, how you breathe,
none of that truly matters. -
7:55 - 8:08Many of you say you meditate,
but, in reality, you are thinking quietly. -
8:08 - 8:10That is thinking,
not meditating. -
8:10 - 8:17Thinking positive thoughts does not mean
you are meditating properly. -
8:17 - 8:23Meditation is the state
where thoughts have stopped. -
8:23 - 8:31And if you stop thinking,
most of your suffering goes away. -
8:31 - 8:39However, once you try it, you will realize
that your thoughts do not cease. -
8:39 - 8:40(Audience Laughter)
-
8:40 - 8:52In fact, they may become amplified
twofold, threefold, or even tenfold. -
8:52 - 8:59So, while your body remains still
during meditation, -
8:59 - 9:03your mind is constantly
engaged in thinking. -
9:03 - 9:15Then, how can we stop thinking?
If you set an intention to stop thinking, -
9:15 - 9:19that intention itself
becomes another thought. -
9:19 - 9:25That is why the old masters
taught us this analogy: -
9:25 - 9:32Imagine there's dust
flying all over the room. -
9:32 - 9:36The dust is barely visible to us.
-
9:36 - 9:41But if there's a ray of sunlight
coming through the room, -
9:41 - 9:48we suddenly become aware of
how much dust is floating in the air. -
9:48 - 10:02We take a cloth or a duster
and start cleaning to remove the dust. -
10:02 - 10:07Yet, instead of eliminating the dust,
we stir it up even more. -
10:07 - 10:12Then, what should we do?
We simply let it settle on its own. -
10:12 - 10:21As time passes,
most of the dust will settle. -
10:21 - 10:42This analogy shows that we live constantly
filled with thoughts and distractions, -
10:42 - 10:45but we are unaware of that
-
10:45 - 10:49because we lack that single ray of light
to illuminate them. -
10:49 - 11:10Thus, when you sit down to meditate and
start noticing how cluttered your mind is, -
11:10 - 11:12this is not a failure in meditation.
-
11:12 - 11:16It's actually a process
of meditating properly. -
11:16 - 11:26It's just like seeing that single ray
of sunlight revealing the dust in a room. -
11:26 - 11:36It is the first realization that you are
surrounded by endless distracting thoughts. -
11:36 - 11:49Then, you may start approaching meditation
with a performance-oriented mindset, -
11:49 - 11:52striving to meditate better and faster.
-
11:52 - 11:57This, in turn, creates more distractions
just as letting dust fly even more. -
11:57 - 12:00You have to just let it be.
-
12:00 - 12:08But it's very hard to simply let it be
because thoughts keep arising. -
12:08 - 12:16That's why the strategy is
to focus your thoughts on one thing. -
12:16 - 12:25The easiest thing to focus your thoughts
on is your breath. -
12:25 - 12:42It's a strategy of focusing on the
inhalation and exhalation of your breath. -
12:42 - 12:51In Pali, it is called Ānāpānasati.
-
12:51 - 13:05Another strategy that emerged during
the Zen Buddhist tradition is a Koan, -
13:05 - 13:08which is focusing on a single thought,
-
13:08 - 13:13a single question
like "Who am I?" -
13:13 - 13:17Just focus
on that single question. -
13:17 - 13:23Other thoughts will constantly arise.
-
13:23 - 13:26Just let them be.
-
13:26 - 13:35The only thing you should truly focus on
is that single question. -
13:35 - 13:43For example, imagine you are reading
a book in the middle of a forest. -
13:43 - 13:46You hear birds tweeting.
-
13:46 - 13:49You hear the sound of a stream.
-
13:49 - 13:52And you hear cars passing
on a distant road. -
13:52 - 13:55Because of these distractions,
you find it difficult to focus. -
13:55 - 13:59If the cars stopped running,
-
13:59 - 14:03if the birds stopped tweeting,
-
14:03 - 14:07and if the stream stopped running,
-
14:07 - 14:15then you would be able to focus
in that quiet forest, right? -
14:15 - 14:19But you can't stop those things.
-
14:19 - 14:24Even if you could eliminate
those external distractions, -
14:24 - 14:27it wouldn’t necessarily mean
that you could focus. -
14:27 - 14:54But if you truly immerse yourself
in the book, -
14:54 - 14:56the birds may tweet,
but you won’t notice them. -
14:56 - 15:00Cars may pass on the road nearby,
but you won’t pay attention to them, -
15:00 - 15:03nor will you notice the stream beside you
-
15:03 - 15:08because you are deeply focused and
fully absorbed in what you are reading. -
15:08 - 15:17While meditation is
about the absence of thoughts, -
15:17 - 15:23from a strategic perspective, it is
about concentrating on a single thought. -
15:23 - 15:32Let's say you focus
on breathing in and out. -
15:32 - 15:39When the breath comes in,
you notice the breath entering. -
15:39 - 15:46You are not thinking
about the breath coming in. -
15:46 - 16:02This is a kind of sensory experience,
the flow of air as it moves -
16:02 - 16:05over your skin, through your nostrils,
and into your lungs. -
16:05 - 16:17And you also feel the tactile sensation
of the breath leaving your nose. -
16:17 - 16:22This is experiencing,
not thinking. -
16:22 - 16:27You are simply experiencing the breath.
-
16:27 - 16:32You might think of your mother
at some point. -
16:32 - 16:42Once you become distracted
by the thought of your mother, -
16:42 - 16:46you start thinking, "Oh, what about
the time we went on a picnic together? -
16:46 - 16:49What about the time we had an argument?"
-
16:49 - 16:53You unconsciously create
narratives around the thought. -
16:53 - 16:58This becomes a distraction.
-
16:58 - 17:05You can't stop the thought of
your mother from rising. -
17:05 - 17:12But whatever thoughts come to you,
you keep focusing on your breath. -
17:12 - 17:18Basically, do not pay attention
to the thought or give it energy. -
17:18 - 17:21Then, the thought naturally dissipates.
-
17:21 - 17:24But soon, other thoughts will arise.
-
17:24 - 17:26You might suddenly think about coffee.
-
17:26 - 17:30Nevertheless, you stay focused
on your breath. -
17:30 - 17:33Then, the thought of coffee
also dissipates. -
17:33 - 17:45No matter how many thoughts arise,
if you do not pay attention to them, -
17:45 - 17:48they will simply come and go
again and again. -
17:48 - 18:00But once you engage
with a thought of coffee, -
18:00 - 18:03you start following it
and creating a story: -
18:03 - 18:07"What kind of coffee do I want?
With whom do I want to drink this coffee?" -
18:07 - 18:13At that moment, you have already lost
your focus on the breath -
18:13 - 18:19because you can only focus
on one thing at a time. -
18:19 - 18:24If you focus here,
you lose focus there. -
18:24 - 18:30And if you pay attention there,
you lose attention here. -
18:30 - 18:38Thoughts are just that.
-
18:38 - 18:43As long as you don't pay attention
to them, they will simply rise and fall. -
18:43 - 18:57So, when we say we are distracted,
the random thoughts themselves -
18:57 - 18:59are not distractions.
-
18:59 - 19:05They become distractions when
we start creating stories around them. -
19:05 - 19:27If you keep practicing, the amount of time
you can sustain focus on your breath -
19:27 - 19:29before getting distracted can increase,
-
19:29 - 19:33first to 1 minute, then to 5, then to 10.
It will gradually increase. -
19:33 - 19:47Your attention span for focusing
on your breath will continue to grow, -
19:47 - 19:52and you will experience
fewer distractions. -
19:52 - 20:06Then, you start gaining autonomy.
-
20:06 - 20:11You will no longer be bound
by past memories or future expectations. -
20:11 - 20:26The reason you feel anger, frustration,
hatred, or resentment is that -
20:26 - 20:30past memories resurface, bringing back
the wounds you once experienced. -
20:30 - 20:45You become fearful, anxious, and nervous
because you are thinking about the future. -
20:45 - 20:55If you are no longer held captive
by thoughts of the future, -
20:55 - 20:58your anxiety and nervousness
will naturally fade away. -
20:58 - 21:10That is why we teach to awaken
in the here and now -
21:10 - 21:16without being captured by past memories
or the future that has not yet arrived. -
21:16 - 21:29Even if thoughts about the Buddha
arise unbidden during meditation, -
21:29 - 21:32they are still distractions.
-
21:32 - 21:42Maintain singular focus on your breath,
and everything else is a distraction. -
21:42 - 21:53If you are meditating on a Zen Koan,
-
21:53 - 21:59anything beyond exploring the question,
"Who am I?" is a distraction. -
21:59 - 22:09In that state, even what you read
in scriptures, sutras, -
22:09 - 22:12or even the Buddha's own teachings
become distractions. -
22:12 - 22:24That is why there is a teaching:
"If you see the Buddha, kill the Buddha. -
22:24 - 22:28If you encounter your teacher,
kill the teacher." -
22:28 - 22:37Of course, this does not mean to literally
kill them. (Sunim Laughter) -
22:37 - 22:41Rather, it means
not to give them any attention. -
22:41 - 22:44They are simply distractions.
-
22:44 - 22:48Sorry for the lengthy response.
(Sunim Laughter) -
22:48 - 22:52(Questioner) Thank you.
(Audience Applause)
- Title:
- Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation
- Description:
-
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Ven. Pomnyun's Answer to “Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation”
Selection from Casual Conversation with Ven. Pomnyun Sunim(법륜스님) (Sep. 14, 2024)Question:
How can we reach enlightenment through meditation during which we are not supposed to think about anything? - Video Language:
- English
- Duration:
- 23:02
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Ji-Hyun Kim_김지현 _150886 edited English subtitles for Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation | |
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Ji-Hyun Kim_김지현 _150886 edited English subtitles for Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation | |
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Ji-Hyun Kim_김지현 _150886 edited English subtitles for Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation | |
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Ji-Hyun Kim_김지현 _150886 edited English subtitles for Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation | |
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Ji-Hyun Kim_김지현 _150886 edited English subtitles for Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation | |
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myoungjoo edited English subtitles for Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation | |
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myoungjoo edited English subtitles for Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation | |
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myoungjoo edited English subtitles for Attaining Enlightenment Through Meditation |