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Hi, friends!
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This module discuss about language
acquisition and language learning.
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The factors influencing the acquisition
of a language,
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like the learner factors, environmental
factors and infrastructural factors
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are dealt in detail.
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Acquisition and learning.
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Language acquisition is the process by
which humans acquired the capacity to
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perceive and comprehend language. As well
as to produce and use language.
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Acquisition is implicit and subconscious
which take place in an informal situation.
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According to Stephen Christian 1985,
language acquisition does not require
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extensive use of conscious grammatical
rules and tedious drill.
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Acquisition requires meaningful
interaction in the target language,
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natural communication in which speakers
are connected,
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not with the form of their entrances but
with the messages they are convenient
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and understanding.
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Language acquisition encompasses the
development of
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four interdependent systems.
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Pragmatic: communicative use of language
in a social context;
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Phonological: perception and production of
sounds to form words;
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Semantics: processing of meaning
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and grammatical use of syntactic and
morphological rules to combine words
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into meaningful sentences.
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The phonological and grammatical systems
constitute the language form.
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The pragmatic system describes
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how language should be adapted
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to specific social situations
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in order to convey emotions
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and reinforce meaning.
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The term acquisition is used for L1
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and the term learning is associated
with L2.
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Children acquire language through a
subconscious process
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during which they are unaware of
grammatical rules,
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that is no deliberator for to learn the
language.
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They pick up language in informal
situations.
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Language acquisition is implicit, and
effortless as meaningful communication
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occurs in natural environment.
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While communicating the message in the
text is given more important
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rather than the form.
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... connected through feedback or
when they hear the correct usages.
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Later on, they can cut it themselves
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when they become masters of linguistic
generalizations.
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They will be confident in using the
language in the real life situations.
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Language learning is explicit and
conscious
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and takes place in a formal situation.
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The rules of the language are taught
directly
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and learning is the product of formal
instruction.
