In psychology, a schema is a mental framework that helps people organize and interpret information. Your schema for "dog" entails all the things we expect from a dog - it has a tail, it's furry, it barks. This makes it easy for us to identify a dog instantly and categorize it in our minds as "Dog!"

Schemas are based on our experiences and can influence how we perceive new situations. They help us quickly process incoming data, but sometimes they can lead us to expect things that don't actually happen.

P.S. While I'm a real teacher and I scripted this video, I used an AI voiceover because he's got a far better voice than I do :)