-
- Hello there everyone,
-
and welcome back to the Mr Sinn Channel.
-
Over the last two topic review videos,
-
we've been talking a lot about personality
-
and how it's formed.
-
Today we're gonna be
reviewing unit 7, topic 7
-
of AP Psychology.
-
As we turn our view over to behaviorism
-
and social cognitive
theories of personality.
-
To understand how our
personality is formed,
-
we can look at our past
-
to see what behaviors have
been reinforced with rewards
-
and which behaviors were punished.
-
By understanding our past,
-
we're able to see our
personality is formed.
-
Individuals such as Julian
Rotter help us understand
-
how our personality is shaped
-
from a behaviorist point of view.
-
Rotter believed that our
personality developed over time.
-
He thought there had to be more
-
than just punishment and rewards.
-
Rotter thought that we learned
-
from what to expect from
different situations.
-
Our behavior is then determined
based on our expectations
-
and based on how much we are invested
-
or care about an outcome.
-
This is known as Rotter's
Expectancy Theory.
-
The idea that we can control our outcome
-
is referred to as locus of control.
-
A concept we last talked
about in our unit 4 video.
-
Remember, we have an
internal locus control
-
and an external locus of control.
-
External locus of control
are different outside factors
-
that impact us and could
determine our fate or outcome.
-
These are factors that
we could not control
-
and are out of our hands.
-
For example, how individuals
at school treat you
-
or the amount of money
that your family has.
-
While internal locus of control
-
is how we control and impact our own fate.
-
For example, if you study hard,
-
you can do well on a test.
-
You control how much you study.
-
When we have a high
internal locus of control,
-
we believe that we can
control our situation.
-
If there's a high
external locus of control,
-
then we don't believe
-
that we could impact the
results of a situation.
-
Another behaviorist was Bandura.
-
We've talked about him
multiple times already.
-
He believed that it wasn't
just our environment
-
that impacted and shaped our personality,
-
that there are actually multiple factors
-
that shaped an individual's personality.
-
This became known as Bandura's
social learning theory.
-
This theory consists of
observational learning,
-
self-efficacy, and reciprocal determinism.
-
Observational learning is when
we observe certain behaviors
-
or actions and then
attempt to replicate them.
-
While self-efficacy is our belief
-
in our ability to do something
and be successful at it.
-
Remember, our self-efficacy is different
-
from our confidence and self-esteem.
-
Self-efficacy is our belief in ourselves
-
to complete a specific task.
-
While self-esteem is what
we think about ourselves
-
and our confidence level is
-
how we overall think about our ability.
-
Lastly, remember that
reciprocal determinism
-
looks at an individual's
environment, behavior,
-
and an individual's feelings and belief
-
and how they're influencing each other
-
and impact one another.
-
For example, say you are a risk taker
-
and you enjoy doing challenging tasks.
-
We can see that risk taking behavior
-
will lead you to try out
different sports or activities
-
that are more risky or physical.
-
For example, maybe you decide
to take on rock climbing.
-
Now we can see your behaviors
are impacting your environment
-
as you're going to be putting yourself
-
in more risky or challenging environments
-
where you might meet others
who have similar behaviors.
-
As you talk and get to know other people,
-
they'll start to influence
your thoughts and beliefs.
-
You can see how all these different things
-
and different factors can
influence one another.
-
All right, now comes the time to practice
-
what we have learned.
-
Answer the questions on the screen
-
and check your answers in the
comments section down below.
-
As always, if you found
value in this video,
-
consider subscribing
-
and check out the ultimate review packet.
-
It's a great resource
that'll help you get an A
-
in your class and a 5
on the national exam.
-
Thank you so much for watching.
-
I'm Mr. Sinn, and I will
see you next time online.
-
(gentle music)